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Fluorescent membrane markers elucidate the association of Borrelia burgdorferi with tick cell lines
摘要： This study aimed to describe the association of Borrelia burgdorferi s.s. with ixodid tick cell lines by flow cytometry and fluorescence and confocal microscopy. Spirochetes were stained with a fluorescent membrane marker (PKH67 or PKH26), inoculated into 8 different tick cell lines and incubated at 30°C for 24 h. PKH efficiently stained B. burgdorferi without affecting bacterial viability or motility. Among the tick cell lines tested, the Rhipicephalus appendiculatus cell line RA243 achieved the highest percentage of association/internalization, with both high (90%) and low (10%) concentrations of BSK-H medium in tick cell culture medium. Treatment with cytochalasin D dramatically reduced the average percentage of cells with internalized spirochetes, which passed through a dramatic morphological change during their internalization by the host cell as observed in time-lapse photography. Almost all of the fluorescent bacteria were seen to be inside the tick cells. PKH labeling of borreliae proved to be a reliable and valuable tool to analyze the association of spirochetes with host cells by flow cytometry, confocal and fluorescence microscopy.
关键词： Fluorescent membrane marker,Tick cell lines,Borrelia burgdorferi,Phagocytosis
更新于2025-11-21 11:24:58
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Azaindole-BODIPYs: Synthesis, fluorescent recognition of hydrogen sulfate anion and biological evaluation
摘要： The synthesized and sensing capability of two novel azaindole substituted mono and distyryl BODIPY dyes against bisulfate anion were reported. Structural characterizations of the targeted compounds were conducted by using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopies. Photophysical properties of the azaindole substituted BODIPY compounds were investigated employing absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies in acetonitrile solution. It was found that the final compounds 3 and 4 exhibited exclusively selective and sensitive turn-off sensor behavior on HSO4- anion. Additionally, the stoichiometry ratio of the targeted compounds to bisulfate anion was measured 0.5 by Job’s method. Also, density function theory was performed to the optical response of the sensor for targeted compounds. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of Azaindole-BODIPYs were examined against living human leukemia K562 cell lines.
关键词： Fluorescence,Azaindole,K562 cell lines,Borondipyrromethenes,DFT,Chemosensor,hydrogen sulfate,Anionsensor
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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State-of-the-Art of Studies of the Effect of Terahertz Radiation on Living Biological Systems
摘要： The appearance of modern sources and detectors of terahertz radiation (1011–1013 Hz) stimulated the rapid development of practical applications for radiation in this frequency range. Therefore, the question of the safety of terahertz radiation for living objects was sharply raised. In this review, we present an analysis of research on this issue published from 2010 to the present. A brief description of the most significant works performed before 2010 is given. Particular attention is paid to the sources of terahertz radiation used in the studies and the results of experimental work on the study of possible bioeffects when such radiation is applied to both individual cell lines and microorganisms and animals generally.
关键词： cell lines,biological systems,bioeffects,safety,animals,terahertz radiation,microorganisms
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01