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Applications of Laser Ablation - Thin Film Deposition, Nanomaterial Synthesis and Surface Modification || Surface Modification of Polymer Materials Induced by Laser Irradiation
摘要： We report on the surface modification effects using allyl‐diglycol CR39 polymer induced by laser irradiation at 157?nm F2 laser (VUV) and 248?nm KrF laser. The motivation is to investigate the ablation effects on this polymer in optical waveguides application the ablation effects on this polymer in optical waveguides. Fabrication of waveguides has been observed using continuous wave (CW) at 244?nm argon ion laser. Ablation effects on the surface of this polymer have been characterized including ablation threshold at different wavelengths from the assorted depth of craters formed from UV pulsed laser. Application of this polymer in optical waveguide application is corroborated by the refractive index value on the CR39 channels that varied as fluences changed when using the continuous wave UV irradiation. A limit for upper fluence at the point where laser ablation originates on this polymer has also been determined.
关键词： refractive index modification,surface modification,channel waveguide,CR39 laser ablation
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Yb:KLuW Channel Waveguide Lasers Passively Q-Switched by Evanescent-Field Interaction with Carbon Nanotubes
摘要： Highly efficient and compact pulsed laser sources have tremendous potential for integrated photonic devices in numerous applications including spectroscopy, metrology and microscopy. Yb3+-doped monoclinic double-tungstate crystals exhibit broad and large absorption and emission cross-sections and extremely low quantum defects. Channel waveguide structures have been actively studied for miniaturization of laser systems and efficient fundamental-mode laser operation with low lasing thresholds. One of the powerful methods to fabricate waveguide structures in a transparent material is the femtosecond direct laser writing (fs-DLW). Recently, pulsed waveguide lasers utilizing saturable absorbers (SAs) have been demonstrated with SESAM and low-dimensional carbon nanostructures. [1-3] Intrinsic characteristics such as ultrafast response, broadband nonlinear absorption and flexibility for integration make single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and graphene unique for various types of pulsed lasers. Placing a SA between the waveguide and the laser mirror results in additional intracavity losses and Q-switching instabilities due to thermal loads through direct-field interaction with the SA. Therefore, the damage-free coupling and the potential of a monolithic design including SAs in compact lasers are highly desired. Here we demonstrate the first Q-switched operation of the Yb-doped channel waveguides based on evanescent-field interaction with SWCNTs and compare with a direct-field interaction scheme. A surface circular cladding waveguide with a vertical width of 50 μm is inscribed in the 5 at.% Yb3+-doped KLu(WO4)2 crystal by fs-DLW (employing 120-fs / 65-nJ / 1-kHz pulses at a wavelength of 795 nm). Arc-discharged SWCNTs are spin-coated on top of the Yb:KLuW waveguide or on output couplers. A 982-nm tapered amplifier diode is used as the pump source. The polarization and power of the pump beam are controlled by a polarizer and two λ/2 wave plates. The 2.88-mm-long laser cavity consists of the Yb:KLuW channel waveguide and two mirrors directly attached to both end facets of the waveguide for two interaction schemes with SWCNTs, as shown in Fig. 1(a).
关键词： Channel Waveguide Lasers,Q-switched,Yb:KLuW,Evanescent-field Interaction,Carbon Nanotubes
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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An Integrated Photonic Electric-Field Sensor Utilizing a 1 × 2 YBB Mach-Zehnder Interferometric Modulator with a Titanium-Diffused Lithium Niobate Waveguide and a Dipole Patch Antenna
摘要： We studied photonic electric-?eld sensors using a 1 × 2 YBB-MZI modulator composed of two complementary outputs and a 3 dB directional coupler based on the electro-optic e?ect and titanium di?used lithium–niobate optical waveguides. The measured DC switching voltage and extinction ratio at the wavelength 1.3 μm were ~16.6 V and ~14.7 dB, respectively. The minimum detectable ?elds were ~1.12 V/m and ~3.3 V/m, corresponding to the ~22 dB and ~18 dB dynamic ranges of ~10 MHz and 50 MHz, respectively, for an rf power of 20 dBm. The sensor shows an almost linear response to the applied electric-?eld strength within the range of 0.29 V/m to 29.8 V/m.
关键词： titanium di?used optical channel waveguide,lithium–niobate electro-optic e?ect,photonic electric-?eld sensor,Y-fed balanced-bridge Mach-Zehnder interferometer (YBB-MZI)
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04