- 标题
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- 实验方案
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Thermal Fluctuations in the Phase Structure of the Excitonic Insulator Charge Density Wave State in the Extended Falicov–Kimball Model
摘要： Excitonic insulator (EI) instability accompanied by a charge density wave (CDW) state in the two-dimensional extended Falicov–Kimball model including electron–phonon interaction is investigated by applying the unrestricted Hartree–Fock approximation. Treating both the Coulomb attraction and the electron–phonon coupling on an equal footing, we have derived a set of self-consistent equations, which allows us to determine both the excitonic insulator order parameter and the lattice displacement. The phase structures show us that both the Coulomb interaction and the electron–phonon coupling act together in establishing the EI-CDW state, which typifies either a phononic-CDW or an excitonic-CDW state depending on the competition of the interactions. At a given low temperature, the EI-CDW state is found between two critical values of the Coulomb interaction. The window of the condensation state grows when increasing the electron–phonon coupling. Depending on the temperature and the Coulomb interaction the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer–Bose–Einstein condensation (BCS–BEC) crossover of the EI-CDW state in the systems has been established. Under the effects of phonons, the BCS–BEC crossover deviates to a larger Coulomb interaction while the semimetal–semiconductor transition in the normal state remains.
关键词： semimetal–semiconductor transition,charge density wave,unrestricted Hartree–Fock approximation,Excitonic condensation
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Coherent photo-induced phonon emission in the charge-density-wave state of K<sub>0.3</sub>MoO<sub>3</sub>
摘要： We report on the observation of coherent terahertz (THz) emission from the quasi-one-dimensional charge-density wave (CDW) system, blue bronze (K0.3MoO3), upon photo-excitation with ultrashort near-infrared optical pulses. The emission contains a broadband, low-frequency component due to the photo-Dember effect, which is present over the whole temperature range studied (30-300 K), as well as a narrow-band doublet centered at 1.5 THz, which is only observed in the CDW state and results from the generation of coherent transverse-optical phonons polarized perpendicular to the incommensurate CDW b-axis. As K0.3MoO3 is centrosymmetric, the lowest-order generation mechanism which can account for the polarization dependence of the phonon emission involves either a static surface field or quadrupolar terms due to the optical field gradients at the surface. This phonon signature is also present in the ground-state conductivity, and decays in strength with increasing temperature to vanish above T ~100 K, i.e. significantly below the CDW transition temperature. The temporal behavior of the phonon emission can be well described by a simple model with two coupled modes, which initially oscillate with opposite polarity.
关键词： charge-density wave,terahertz emission,coherent phonons,K0.3MoO3,photo-Dember effect
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Universal renormalization group flow toward perfect Fermi-surface nesting driven by enhanced electron-electron correlations in monolayer vanadium diselenide
摘要： Reducing the thickness of three-dimensional samples on appropriate substrates is a promising way to control electron-electron interactions, responsible for so called electronic reconstruction phenomena. Although the electronic reconstruction has been investigated both extensively and intensively in oxide heterostructure interfaces, this paradigm is not well established in the van der Waals heterointerface system. In the present study, we examine the nature of a charge ordering transition in monolayer vanadium diselenide (VSe2). This two-dimensional phase transition would be distinguished from that of VSe2 bulk samples, driven by more enhanced electron-electron correlations. We recall that VSe2 bulk samples show a charge-density-wave (CDW) transition around TCDW ～ 105 K. This bulk phase transition results from Fermi-surface nesting properties, where the low-temperature CDW state coexists with itinerant electrons of residual Fermi surfaces. Recently, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements [Nano Lett. 18, 5432 (2018)] uncovered that the Fermi-surface nesting becomes perfect, where the dynamics of hot electrons is dispersionless along the orthogonal direction of the nesting wave vector. In addition, scanning tunneling microscopy measurements [Nano Lett. 18, 5432 (2018)] confirmed that the resulting CDW state shows essentially the same modulation pattern as the three-dimensional system of VSe2. Here, we perform the renormalization group analysis based on an effective-field theory in terms of critical CDW fluctuations and hot electrons of imperfect Fermi-surface nesting. As a result, we reveal that the imperfect nesting universally flows into perfect nesting in two dimensions, where the Fermi velocity along the orthogonal direction of the nesting vector vanishes generically. We argue that this electronic reconstruction is responsible for the observation [Nano Lett. 18, 5432 (2018).] that the CDW transition temperature is much more enhanced to be around TCDW ～ 350 K than that of the bulk sample.
关键词： vanadium diselenide,electron-electron correlations,renormalization group,Fermi-surface nesting,charge-density-wave transition
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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revealed by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
摘要： We revisit charge density wave (CDW) behavior in the archetypal quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) material NbSe3 by high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements utilizing a microfocused laser with a photon energy of 6.3 eV. We present a detailed view of the electronic structure of this complex multiband system and unambiguously resolve CDW gaps at the Fermi level (EF). By employing a tight-binding model, we argue that these gaps are the result of interband coupling between electronic states that reside predominantly on distinct 1D chains within the material. Two such localized states are found to couple to an electronic state that extends across multiple 1D chains, highlighting the importance of a higher-dimensional interaction in stabilizing the CDW ordering in this material. In addition, the temperature evolution of intrachain gaps caused by the CDW periodicities far below EF deviate from the behavior expected for a Peierls-type mechanism driven by nesting; the upper and lower bands of the renormalized CDW dispersions maintain a fixed peak-to-peak distance while the gaps are gradually removed at higher temperatures. This points toward a gradual loss of long-range phase coherence as the dominant effect in reducing the CDW order parameter, which may correspond to the loss of coherence between the coupled chains. Furthermore, one of the gaps is observed above the bulk and surface CDW transition temperatures, implying the persistence of short-range incoherent CDW order. The influence of such higher-dimensional interactions likely plays an important role in a range of low-dimensional systems.
关键词： angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy,tight-binding model,charge density wave,phase coherence,interband coupling,quasi-one-dimensional,NbSe3
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning tunneling spectroscopy, and density functional theory
摘要： The electronic structure of 1T -TaS2 showing a metal-insulator transition and a sequence of different charge density wave (CDW) transformations was discussed in the frame of variable temperature angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES), scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. For the commensurate charge density wave phase (CCDW) the Mott gap was estimated to be 0.4 eV and energy gaps (cid:2)CCDW,1, (cid:2)CCDW,2, (cid:2)B3-HHB, (cid:2)B4-B3 were observed. For the nearly commensurate charge density wave phase (NCCDW), the reminiscent of higher and lower Hubbard bands and a very pronounced electronic state associated with the parabolic band at the ˉ(cid:3) point in the Brillouin zone were identi?ed. The incommensurate charge density wave phase (ICCDW) showed a high value of local density of states at the Fermi level and a very pronounced edge of the metallic surface state located in the range of 0.15–0.20 eV above the Fermi level. The obtained STS and ARPES results were consistent with our theoretical calculations performed within DFT formalism including spin-orbit coupling.
关键词： STS,1T -TaS2,charge density wave,ARPES,DFT,metal-insulator transition
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Exposes its Excitonic Character
摘要： Recent experiments suggest that excitonic degrees of freedom play an important role in precipitating the charge density wave (CDW) transition in 1T-TiSe2. Through systematic calculations of the electronic and phonon spectrum based on density functional perturbation theory, we show that the predicted critical doping of the CDW phase overshoots the experimental value by 1 order of magnitude. In contrast, an independent self-consistent many-body calculation of the excitonic order parameter and renormalized band structure is able to capture the experimental phase diagram in extremely good qualitative and quantitative agreement. This demonstrates that electron-electron interactions and the excitonic instability arising from direct electron-hole coupling are pivotal to accurately describe the nature of the CDW in this system. This has important implications to understand the emergence of superconductivity within the CDW phase of this and related systems.
关键词： charge density wave,1T-TiSe2,electron-electron interactions,superconductivity,excitonic instability
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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High resolution time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with 11 eV laser pulses
摘要： Performing time- and angle-resolved photoemission (tr-ARPES) spectroscopy at high momenta necessitates extreme ultraviolet laser pulses, which are typically produced via high harmonic generation (HHG). Despite recent advances, HHG-based setups still require large pulse energies (from hundreds of μJ to mJ) and their energy resolution is limited to tens of meV. Here, we present a novel 11 eV tr-ARPES setup that generates a flux of 5 × 1010 photons/s and achieves an unprecedented energy resolution of 16 meV. It can be operated at high repetition rates (up to 250 kHz) while using input pulse energies down to 3 μJ. We demonstrate these unique capabilities by simultaneously capturing the energy and momentum resolved dynamics in two well-separated momentum space regions of a charge density wave material ErTe3. This novel setup offers the opportunity to study the non-equilibrium band structure of solids with exceptional energy and time resolutions at high repetition rates.
关键词： energy resolution,time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy,HHG,tr-ARPES,charge density wave,high repetition rates,high harmonic generation,ErTe3,11 eV laser pulses
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2019 44th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) - Paris, France (2019.9.1-2019.9.6)] 2019 44th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) - Coherent Coupled-Mode Phonon Emission in a Photoexcited Charge-Density-Wave System
摘要： Photoexcitation the quasi-one-dimensional of charge-density-wave (CDW) system, blue bronze (K0.3MoO3), with near-infrared femtosecond pulses, results in both a low-frequency, broadband THz surface emission from the photo-Dember effect, and a narrow-band emission from a TO phonon doublet centered at 1.5 THz below ~100 K in the CDW state. The polarization dependence of the phonon emission leads us to propose a surface-field/quadrupole excitation mechanism, distinct from the typical mechanisms for phonon emission in other materials. A coupled-oscillator model with a transient suppression of the mode coupling can reproduce the detailed temporal and spectral characteristics of the emission.
关键词： charge-density-wave,photo-Dember effect,coupled-oscillator model,THz emission,coherent phonon emission
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Interplay of structure and charge order revealed by quantum oscillations in thin films of
摘要： The discovery of quantum oscillations in hole- and electron-doped cuprate families has underscored the importance of the Fermi surface in cuprate superconductivity. While the observed quantum oscillations in both families have revealed the presence of reconstructed Fermi surfaces, there remains an important distinction between the two. In hole-doped cuprates the oscillations are thought to arise from the effects of a charge density wave, while in the electron-doped cuprates it is thought that these oscillations occur from an antiferromagnetically reconstructed Fermi surface, despite the fact that the oscillations are observed in overdoped compounds, far from the putative antiferromagnetic critical point. In this work we study thin films of Pr2CuO4±δ, whose apparent doping can be finely tuned by annealing, allowing studies of quantum oscillations in samples straddling the critical point. We show that even though there is a mass enhancement of the quasiparticles, there are only small changes to the Fermi surface itself, suggesting that charge order is a more likely origin, with electronic correlations that are strongly dependent on the structural parameters.
关键词： antiferromagnetic critical point,Fermi surface,cuprate superconductivity,quantum oscillations,charge density wave
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Electrically tuning many-body states in a Coulomb-coupled InAs/InGaSb double layer
摘要： We study the transport properties of an electron-hole double layer consisting of barrier-separated InAs/InGaSb quantum wells. We focus on measurements of four-terminal resistivity of a Hall-bar sample as a function of electron (n) and hole (p) density, that are being tuned by a pair of top and bottom gates. In zero magnetic ?eld, we clearly observe an insulating phase which occurs at a charge neutral point, below a critical carrier density n = p < 1 × 1011 cm?2. This phase is characterized by a narrow and thermally activated resistance peak and an anomalous Hall resistance. This observation reinforces our previous ?nding of an excitonic insulator. Remarkably, when the layer densities are being tuned into imbalance, here p (cid:2) n, a broader resistance peak emerges. We discuss this phase with respect to a possible (theoretically predicted) charge density wave ground state. Both phases can persist above ～25 K, indicating robust correlations in the electron-hole double layers.
关键词： electron-hole double layer,exciton condensation,InAs/InGaSb quantum wells,quantum spin Hall effect,charge density wave
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22