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- 摘要
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- 实验方案
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE Sustainable Power and Energy Conference (iSPEC) - Beijing, China (2019.11.21-2019.11.23)] 2019 IEEE Sustainable Power and Energy Conference (iSPEC) - Three-phase Power Flow Model of Low-voltage Distribution Network Considering Phase Asymmetry and Photovoltaic Access
摘要： We systematically study the analysis and simulation of ac-biased superconductor transition-edge sensor (TES) circuits. In these ac-biased circuits, the current and voltage of the TES experience large swings in both directions, and small-signal analysis around a dc steady state does not apply. To understand their electrical and thermal behavior, we rely on concepts and techniques from radio-frequency circuit simulation and introduce the periodic steady state and perform periodic ac analysis. We also construct TES device models based on a comprehensive two-fluid physical model and investigate the behavior of ac-biased TES circuits using advanced circuit simulators. By relating our findings to results for the analysis of dc-biased TES circuits, we give appropriate definitions for the current and temperature sensitivity of the TES in ac-biased circuits. Our work not only builds a rigorous foundation for theoretical analysis of ac-biased TES circuits but also introduces powerful simulation techniques valuable for their design and research.
关键词： Circuit analysis,computer simulation,superconducting devices
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Self-Aligned, Selective Area Poly-Si/SiO <sub/>2</sub> Passivated Contacts for Enhanced Photocurrent in Front/Back Solar Cells
摘要： Spin circuits with four component voltages and currents have been developed and used in the past to analyze various structures, which include non-collinear ferromagnets. Recent demonstrations of large spin orbit torques in heavy metals like Pt, Ta, and W open up new possibilities in spintronic applications by providing an alternative way to write information into a magnet. Here, we extend the four component (one charge and three spins) conductance matrix to include materials with spin Hall effect based on the standard diffusion equation. Our proposed spin circuit successfully reproduces standard results like spin Hall effect (SHE), inverse spin Hall effect, and spin Hall magnetoresistance. This circuit representation also makes it straightforward to analyze new configurations. We present two examples, namely, 1) the possibility of spin injection using giant SHE (GSHE) materials into semiconductors without tunneling barriers, and 2) the effect of spin ground on one surface to enhance spin current injection from the opposite surface in a thin GSHE sample. Finally, we provide an elemental conductance matrix for a small cubic structure which can be used as a building block to analyze any arbitrarily shaped GSHE material.
关键词： four component spin circuit,spin Hall magnetoresistance,Giant spin Hall effect,conductance matrix,inverse spin Hall effect,spin ground/sink,spin Hall effect
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Two-dimensional series connected photovoltaic cells defined by ferroelectric domains
摘要： Recently, a large amount of effort has been devoted to bringing p- and n-type two-dimensional (2D) materials in close contact to promise a p–n junction for photodetectors and photovoltaic devices. However, all solar cells based on 2D materials are single p–n junctions so far, where the open circuit voltage is usually limited by the bandgap of semiconductor materials. Here, by using a scanning-probe domain patterning method to polarize the ferroelectric ?lm, we demonstrate a series connected MoTe2 photovoltaic cell with an additive open circuit voltage and output electrical power. The nonvolatile MoTe2 p–n diodes exhibit a recti?cation ratio of 100. As a photodetector, the device presents a responsivity of 220 mA/W and an external quantum ef?ciency of 41% without any gate or bias voltages. The open circuit voltage increases linearly with the number of series connected p–n junctions and can be beyond the bandgap of the multilayer MoTe2.
关键词： photovoltaic cells,MoTe2,open circuit voltage,two-dimensional materials,ferroelectric domains
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Over 15% Efficiency in Ternary Organic Solar Cells by Enhanced Charge Transport and Reduced Energy Loss
摘要： In this study, an efficient ternary bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cell (OSC) is demonstrated by incorporating two acceptors, PC61BM and ITC6-4F with a polymer donor (PM6). It reveals that the addition of PC61BM not only enhances the electron mobility of the derived BHJ blend but also facilitates the exciton dissociation, resulting in a more balanced charge transport alongside with reduced trap-assisted charge recombination. Consequently, as compared to the pristine PM6:ITC6-4F device, the optimal ternary OSC is revealed to deliver an improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.11% with boosted JSC, VOC and FF simultaneously. The resultant VOC and FF are among the highest values recorded in the literature for the ternary OSCs with PCE exceeding 15%. This result thus suggests that besides improving the charge transport characteristics in devices, incorporating fullerene derivative as part of the acceptor can also improve the resultant VOC, which can reduce the energy loss to realize efficient organic photovoltaic.
关键词： energy transfer,charge transport,fullerene derivative acceptor,open circuit voltage,ternary organic solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2019 Antenna Measurement Techniques Association Symposium (AMTA) - San Diego, CA, USA (2019.10.6-2019.10.11)] 2019 Antenna Measurement Techniques Association Symposium (AMTA) - A Low-Cost Multicopter Based Near-Field Antenna Measurement System Employing Software Defined Radio and 6-D Laser Metrology
摘要： With the purpose of avoiding very fine mesh cells in the proximity of a thin wire, the modified telegrapher’s equations (MTEs) are employed to describe the thin wire voltage and current distributions, which consequently results in reduced number of unknowns and augmented Courant–Friedrichs–Lewy (CFL) number. As hyperbolic systems, both the MTEs and the Maxwell’s equations are solved by the discontinuous Galerkin time-domain (DGTD) method. In realistic situations, the thin wires could be either driven or loaded by circuit networks. The thin wire–circuit interface performs as a boundary condition for the thin wire solver, where the thin wire voltage and current used for the incoming flux evaluation involved in the DGTD-analyzed MTEs are not available. To obtain this voltage and current, an auxiliary current flowing through the thin wire–circuit interface is introduced at each interface. Corresponding auxiliary equations derived from the invariable property of characteristic variable for hyperbolic systems are developed and solved together with the circuit equations established by the modified nodal analysis (MNA) modality. Furthermore, in order to characterize the field and thin wire interactions, a weighted electric field and a volume current density are added into the MTEs and Maxwell–Ampere’s law equation, respectively. To validate the proposed algorithm, three representative examples are presented.
关键词： thin wire–circuit boundary,Characteristic variable,discontinuous Galerkin time-domain (DGTD) method,modified telegrapher’s equation (MTE),hyperbolic system,modified nodal analysis (MNA)
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Anti-LID Process with a Remote Direct Heating Method Using a Half-Bridge Resonance Circuit for a PERC Solar Cell Module
摘要： As the importance of the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) increases in the solar cell industry, the demand for high-ef?ciency solar cells is rapidly increasing. Typically, p-type passivated emitter rear contact (PERC) solar cells are the most commonly used in the industry, and their ef?ciency is approximately 22–23%. P-type solar cells are reported to exhibit a light-induced degradation (LID) phenomenon, in which their output constantly decreases during power generation under solar radiation, and the output signi?cantly reduces as their reference ef?ciency increases. Ultra-high-ef?ciency solar cells, which are on high demand, have a considerable output reduction due to the LID phenomenon; hence, technologies to prevent the LID phenomenon are required. However, research on this phenomenon has not been conducted because there is no method to transfer heat to solar cells inside the encapsulant when the modules are produced. In this study, a regeneration state was formed by remotely heating solar cells without damaging the encapsulant of the solar cell module. This was accomplished by using a heating method based on an induction magnetic ?eld. A half-bridge resonance circuit was used to apply the induction magnetic ?eld, and the temperature of the solar cell was controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the current ?owing through the coil. To determine whether only the solar cell was heated, the temperature distribution inside the module was analyzed using an IR camera. The minority carrier lifetime was examined by real-time observation of the open-circuit voltage pattern of the solar cell. Finally, the observed real-time open-circuit voltage data were used, and dynamic simulation of the regeneration process was applied to analyze the LID activation energy generated in the regeneration process of the solar cell module. In conclusion, research was conducted on applying the regeneration state to prevent the LID phenomenon in the solar-cell-module stage, and the LID activation energy of the solar cell module was extracted. Based on this, a nondestructive degradation prevention technology for the solar cell module was developed.
关键词： solar module,half-bridge resonance circuit,light-induced degradation,solar cell,regeneration,remote heating
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Continuous-variable quantum teleportation with vacuum-entangled Rindler modes
摘要： We consider a continuous-variable quantum teleportation protocol between a uniformly accelerated sender in the right Rindler wedge, a conformal receiver restricted to the future light cone, and an inertial observer in the Minkowski vacuum. Using a nonperturbative quantum circuit model, the accelerated observer interacts unitarily with the Rindler modes of the field, thereby accessing entanglement of the vacuum as a resource. We find that a Rindler-displaced Minkowski vacuum state prepared and teleported by the accelerated observer appears mixed according to the inertial observer, despite a reduction of the quadrature variances below classical limits. This is a surprising result, since the same state transmitted directly from the accelerated observer appears as a pure coherent state to the inertial observer. The decoherence of the state is caused by an interplay of opposing effects as the acceleration increases: the reduction of vacuum noise in the output state for a stronger entanglement resource, constrained by the amplification of thermal noise due to the presence of Unruh radiation.
关键词： quantum circuit model,Rindler modes,Unruh effect,continuous-variable quantum teleportation,vacuum entanglement
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2019 National Power Electronics Conference (NPEC) - Tiruchirappalli, India (2019.12.13-2019.12.15)] 2019 National Power Electronics Conference (NPEC) - An Efficient Selective Harmonic Based Full Bridge DC-DC Converter for LED Lighting Applications
摘要： Here and in the companion paper (Part I), a novel conceptual framework on the measurement units and physical dimensions of fractance and rules for fractors in series and parallel is mainly discussed. The term fractor arose following the successful synthesis of a fractional-order capacitor or a fractional-order inductor in an analog circuit. Fractor is actually a promising fractional-order circuit element that is a core component for the hardware implementation of the fractional-order circuits and systems. The term fractance, as a portmanteau of the fractional-order impedance, refers to the fractional-order impedance of a fractor. Up to now, however, no effective measurement units and physical dimensions of fractance have been proposed for fractor, which is a challenging theoretical problem. Motivated by this need, in this paper, we studied the fractional-order measurement units and physical dimensions of fractance and rules for fractors in series and parallel. We use the state-of-the-art mathematical method, fractional calculus, to analyze the proposed conceptual framework. In particular, the fundamental issues introduced in the companion paper (Part I) are combined with an analysis for the realistic requirement of the fractional-order measurement units of fractance, and a proposal for the fractional-order measurement units for capacitive fractance and inductive fractance, respectively, as well as the fractional-order physical dimensions of fractance, together with the rules for fractors in series and parallel, respectively. Finally, an arbitrary-order fractor in the form of an analog circuit is achieved by the binomial theorem-based approximate implementation, the implementations of capacitance and resistance of arbitrary value are discussed, and approximately implemented fractors in series and parallel are analyzed in detail experimentally.
关键词： Fractional calculus,Chua’s axiomatic circuit element system,measurement units of fractance,physical dimensions of fractance,rules for fractors in series and parallel
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE Pulsed Power & Plasma Science (PPPS) - Orlando, FL, USA (2019.6.23-2019.6.29)] 2019 IEEE Pulsed Power & Plasma Science (PPPS) - Pulsed RF Signal Irradiation Using a Low Voltage NLTL Coupled to a DRG Antenna
摘要： Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have been shown to provide high computational density and efficiency for many computing applications by allowing circuits to be customized to any application of interest. FPGAs also support programmability by allowing the circuit to be changed at a later time through reconfiguration. There is great interest in exploiting these benefits in space and other radiation environments. FPGAs, however, are very sensitive to radiation and great care must be taken to properly address the effects of radiation in FPGA-based systems. This paper will highlight the effects of radiation on FPGA-based systems and summarize the challenges in deploying FPGAs in such environments. Several well-known mitigation methods will be described and the unique ability of FPGAs to customize the system for improved reliability will be discussed. Finally, two case studies summarizing successful deployment of FPGAs in radiation environments will be presented.
关键词： radiation effects,radiation hardening,Fault-tolerant systems,integrated circuit reliability,field programmable gate arrays
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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An AMOLED Pixel Circuit Based on LTPS Thin-film Transistors with Mono-Type Scanning Driving
摘要： Using low-temperature poly-silicon thin-film transistors (LTPS TFTs) as a basis, a pixel circuit for an active matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) with narrow bezel displays was developed. The pixel circuit features mono-type scanning signals, elimination of static power lines, and pixel-integrated emitting control functions. Therefore, gate driver circuits of the display bezel can be simplified efficiently. In addition, the pixel circuit has a high-resolution design due to an increase of the pulse width of the scan signal to extend the threshold voltage and internal–resistance drop (IR drop) detection period. Further, regarding the influences of process–voltage–temperature (PVT) variation in the pixel circuit, comparison investigations were carried out with the proposed circuit and other pixel circuits with mono-type scanning signals using Monte Carlo analysis. The feasibility of the proposed pixel circuit is well demonstrated, as the current variations can be reduced to 2.1% for the supplied power reduced from 5 V to 3 V due to IR drop, and the current variation is as low as 10.6% with operating temperatures from –40 degrees to 85 degrees.
关键词： pixel circuit,AMOLED,IR drop,Monte Carlo,LTPS TFT
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57