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Citrus fruit peels extracts as light harvesters for efficient ZnO-based dye-sensitized solar cells
摘要： Our voracious consumption of fossil fuels at an exponentially increasing rate has led to global warming and climate change. As a result of these problems, it is crucial to explore other sources of clean energy. The natural pigments extraction and performance determination in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) from fruit peels of citrus were presented in this paper. Extraction of natural dye of citrus fruit peels of Citrus paradisi, Citrus sinensis, Citrus limonum and Citrus tangelo were employed as light sensitizers in fabricating ZnO-based DSSCs. The natural pigments extracts characteristics were analyzed by UV-Vis absorption, Fourier transforms infra-red (FTIR) and Photoluminescence spectroscopy techniques. The semiconductor active layer material was synthesized and analyzed. The characteristics of photo-voltaic parameters for the invented DSSCs were studied under simulated sunlight. The presence of chlorophyll derivative in most of the extracted dyes is evident as the core pigments with additional accessory pigments. The conversion efficiencies of sunlight to electrical energy of pheophytin 'a' dye ZnO based solar cells are calculated to be 0.028%, 0.013%, 0.004% and 0.022% for Citrus paradisi, Citrus sinensis, Citrus limonum and Citrus tangelo, respectively. Better performance of photo-sensitized was observed for the extracts of Citrus paradisi compared to the other extracts and this may be owing to the better charge transfer between the pigments of Citrus paradisi and surface of ZnO photoactive layer. The conversion of visible light to electricity was produced from natural pigments and ZnO photoactive layer based DSSCs, resulted into superb photo-electric characteristics.
关键词： chlorophyll derivative,Natural dye,citrus fruit peels,DSSC,conversion efficiency,photoactive layer
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Calibration modelling for non-destructive estimation of external and internal quality parameters of ‘Marsh’ grapefruit using Vis/NIR spectroscopy
摘要： Consumer preference for fruit without disorder influences purchase of fruit at both local and international markets. Recent trends in horticulture show that consumer preference is influenced by assurance that external appearance is linked with rewarding internal sensory quality. Therefore, the need for non-destructive evaluation of external and internal quality parameters is important. This study was conducted to develop and test calibration models for integrated prediction of external and internal quality of 'Marsh' grapefruit. Visible to near infrared (Vis/NIR) spectroscopy (Vis/NIRS) was used to acquire spectral information from 522 intact fruit. Reference quality parameters such as colour indices (luminosity (L*), greenness (a*) and yellowness (b*)), rind dry matter (DM), rind total phenolics concentration, BrimA, carbohydrates, sweetness index (SI) and total sweetness index (TSI) were obtained using conventional methods. Principal component analysis was applied to analyse spectral data to identify outliers. Savitzky-Golay second derivative with second order polynomial was employed as pre-processing method to correct light scattering properties of the spectra. The spectra were subjected to a test set validation by categorising the spectra into calibration (60%) and validation (40%) sets. Partial least square regression was used as chemometric tool to develop models for predicting each parameter. The model validation results showed that external and internal quality parameters of grapefruit could be predicted with satisfactory accuracy with R2 value of 0.99 for rind quality parameters (L*, a*, b*, DM) and 0.77, 0.99, 0.99 for BrimA, SI and TSI, respectively. The residual predictive deviation (RPD) results for L*, a*, b*, DM, BrimA, SI and TSI were 64.1, 61.4, 123.4, 12.9, 1.4, 9.0 and 13.9, respectively. Vis/NIR calibration and validation results demonstrated that quality parameters of 'Marsh' grapefruit could be predicted using Vis/NIRS.
关键词： citrus fruit,multivariate data analysis,rind,chemometrics,near infrared spectroscopy,'Marsh' grapefruit
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46