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Conjugated side-chains engineering of polymer donor enabling improved efficiency for polymer solar cells
摘要： Generally, molecular optimization is widely used to fine-tune the absorption features and energy levels of photovoltaic materials to improve their photovoltaic performance for polymer solar cells (PSCs). In this work, we demonstrate an example that the morphological properties can be effectively optimized by conjugated side-chains engineering on benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene (BDT) unit. The polymer donors PBNT-S with alkylthio-thienyl substitution and PBNP-S with alkylthio-phenyl substitution have identical absorption spectra and energy levels, while exhibit significantly different morphological properties when blended with nonfullerene acceptor Y6. The PBNT-S:Y6 blend shows obviously over crystallinity with excessive domain sizes, while the PBNP-S:Y6 blend realizes better nanoscale phase separation. As a result, a notable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.31% with a high fill factor (FF) of 0.694 is achieved in the PBNP-S:Y6-based device, while the PBNT-S:Y6-based device yields a moderate PCE of 11.10% and a relatively low FF of 0.605. Additionally, PBNP-S shows great potential in semitransparent PSCs, that the PBNP-S:Y6-based semitransparent PSC achieves an outstanding PCE of 11.86%, with an average visible transmittance of 24.3%. The results demonstrate a feasible strategy to manipulate the morphological properties of blend film via rational molecular optimization to improve the photovoltaic performance.
关键词： polymer solar cells,morphological properties,conjugated side-chains engineering,semitransparent PSCs,power conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Alignment of Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Conjugated Polymers in Floating Films
摘要： Directed alignment of polymer chains plays an indispensable role in charge transport properties. We focus not only on a specific method to induce the alignment but also on the design of a liquid crystalline (LC) conjugated polymer to take advantage of an intrinsic self-assembly characteristic. We synthesized a lyotropic LC conjugated polymer, CP1-P, having o-nitrobenzyl (ONB) esters as photocleavable side chains and adopted a floating film transfer method to induce the polymer chain alignment through a lyotropic LC phase transition. An optimum amount of a high boiling point solvent (1,2-dichlorobenzene) in chloroform turned out to be an important factor to maximize the polymer chain alignment. The hole transport mobility along the polymer chain alignment direction was 13?14 times higher than that in the direction perpendicular to the alignment. In addition, the removal of side chains resulted in the solvent resistivity while maintaining the alignment feature in organic thin-film transistors.
关键词： floating films,liquid crystalline conjugated polymers,photocleavable side chains,polymer chain alignment,charge transport properties
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Understanding the mechanisms of a conjugated polymer electrolyte for interfacial modification in solution-processed organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite photodetectors
摘要： Interfacial modification is an effective strategy to suppress the dark current in photodetectors for performance improvements. Here, solution-processed conjugated polymer electrolyte poly[(9,9-bis(3’-(N,N-dimethylamino) propyl)-2,7-fluorene)-alt-2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene)](PFN), widely used for interface engineering in organic and perovskite solar cells, is introduced to the photovoltaic photodetectors based on α-phase formamidinium lead iodide (α-FAPbI3) perovskite at cathode interfaces. The PFN layer has both positive and negative impacts on the overall device performances. The steady-state device parameters including external quantum efficiency, photoresponsivity, and detectivity are enhanced because the dark current is effectively suppressed due to the hindered hole injection by the PFN layer. However, the incorporation of PFN leads to different transient photocurrent dynamics with a peak after turn-on and a long-lived tail after turn-off, increasing the fall time, although it has little impact on the rise time. The proposed mechanisms involve the trapping and detrapping effects of accumulated photogenerated electrons at the electron-transporting layer/PFN interface, which are proved by capacitance-voltage measurements and impedance spectroscopy analysis. Our results have important significance for understanding the different effects and mechanisms of conjugated polymer electrolytes for interfacial engineering in photodetectors and solar cells and selecting suitable interfacial materials for electrode modification in photodetectors.
关键词： Conjugated polymer electrolyte,Transient photocurrent dynamics,Steady-state device parameters,α-FAPbI3 perovskite photodetectors,Interfacial modification
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Imaging, Cell Activity Regulation, and Therapy
摘要： Conjugated polymer nanoparticles, considered as a class of promising nanomaterials for biomedical application, are extensively employed in bioimaging, anti-microorganism and antitumor, gene and drug delivery/release in the past decade. By virtue of unique photoelectric properties, such as strong light absorbing quality, high brightness, good photostability, tunable spectra property, and favorable compatibility, conjugated polymer nanoparticles attract increasing attention and are used in more emerging aspects in biological and biomedical fields. This review summarizes the recent (2014–2018) development of conjugated polymer nanoparticles, including design, synthesis, and biomedical applications. Especially, their abilities of bioimaging, cell activity regulation, anti-microorganism and antitumor therapy are discussed in detail. Finally, the challenges and outlooks in the field are highlighted.
关键词： cell activity regulation,phototherapy,Conjugated polymer nanoparticles,bioimaging
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Recent Advances in Isoindigo-Inspired Organic Semiconductors
摘要： Over the past decade, isoindigo has become a widely used electron-deficient subunit in donor-acceptor organic semiconductors, and these isoindigo-based materials have been widely used in both organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices and organic field effect transistors (OFETs). Shortly after the development of isoindigo-based semiconductors, researchers began to modify the isoindigo structure in order to change the optoelectronic properties of the resulting materials. This led to the development of many new isoindigo-inspired compounds; since 2012, the Kelly Research Group has synthesized a number of these isoindigo analogues and produced a variety of new donor-acceptor semiconductors. In this Personal Account, recent progress in the field is reviewed. We describe how the field has evolved from relatively simple donor-acceptor small molecules to structurally complex, highly planarized polymer systems. The relevance of these materials in OPV and OFET applications is highlighted, with particular emphasis on structure-property relationships.
关键词： isoindigo,organic field effect transistors,organic materials,organic photovoltaics,conjugated polymers
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Conjugated Polymers Containing BODIPY and Fluorene Units for Sensitive Detection of CN? Ions: Site-Selective Synthesis, Photo-Physical and Electrochemical Properties
摘要： Conjugated polymers containing distinct molecular units are expected to be very interesting because of their unique properties endowed by these units and the formed conjugated polymers. Herein, four new conjugated copolymers based on fluorene and 4,4’-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) have been designed and synthesized via Sonogashira polymerization. The fluorene unit was attached to the 3,5- or 2,6-positions of BODIPY by ethynylenes or p-diacetylenebenzene. The obtained polymers show good thermal stability and broad absorption in the wavelength range from 300 to 750 nm. The effects of site-selective copolymerization and conjugation length along the polymer backbone on the optoelectronic and electrochemical properties of these copolymers were systematically studied by UV-Vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) and cyclic voltammetry. Besides, it is found that the BODIPY-based copolymers exhibit selectively sensitive responses to cyanide anions, resulting in obvious change of UV-Vis absorption spectra and significant fluorescence quenching of the polymers among various common anions.
关键词： conjugated copolymers,site-selective,cyanide anion,BODIPY
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Perdeuterated conjugated polymers for ultralowa??frequency magnetic resonance of OLEDs
摘要： Formation of excitons in OLEDs is spin dependent and can be controlled by electron-paramagnetic resonance, affecting device resistance and electroluminescence yield. We explore electrically detected magnetic resonance in the regime of very low magnetic fields (<1mT). A pronounced feature emerges at zero field in addition to the conventional spin-? Zeeman resonance for which the Larmor frequency matches that of the incident radiation. By comparing a conventional π-conjugated polymer as the active material to a perdeuterated analogue, we demonstrate the interplay between zero-field feature and local hyperfine fields. The zero-field peak results from a quasistatic magnetic-field effect of the RF radiation for periods comparable to the carrier-pair lifetime. Zeeman resonances are resolved down to 3.2MHz, approximately twice the Larmor frequency of an electron in Earth’s field. However, since reducing hyperfine fields sharpens the Zeeman peak at the cost of an increased zero-field peak, we suggest that this result constitutes a fundamental low-field limit of magnetic resonance in carrier-pair-based systems. OLEDs offer an alternative solid-state platform to investigate the radical-pair mechanism of magnetic-field effects in photochemical reactions, allowing models of biological magnetoreception to be explored by measuring spin decoherence directly in the time domain.
关键词： Deuteration,Magnetic resonance,Isotopes,Conjugated Polymers,Organic light-emitting diodes
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Tailoring Perovskite Adjacent Interfaces by Conjugated Polyelectrolyte for Stable and Efficient Solar Cells
摘要： Interface engineering is an effective means to enhance the performance of thin film devices, such as perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, a conjugated polyelectrolyte, poly[(9,9-bis(3'-((N,N-dimethyl)-N-ethyl-ammonium)-propyl)-2,7-fluorene)-alt-2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene)]di-iodide (PFN-I), is employed at the interfaces between the hole transport layer (HTL)/perovskite and perovskite/electron transport layer (ETL) simultaneously, to enhance the device power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability. The fabricated PSCs with an inverted planar heterojunction structure show improved open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current density (Jsc) and fill factor (FF), resulting in PCEs up to 20.56%. The devices maintain over 80% of their initial PCEs after 800 hours of exposure to a relative humidity 35-55 % at room temperature. All of these improvements are attributed to the functional PFN-I layers as they provide favorable interface contact and defect reduction.
关键词： perovskite solar cells,non-radiative recombination,conjugated polyelectrolytes,interface engineering
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Design of novel thiazolothiazole-containing conjugated polymers for organic solar cells and modules
摘要： One of the major challenges in the field of organic photovoltaics is associated with high-throughput manufacturing of efficient and stable organic solar cells. Practical realization of technologies for production of large-area organic solar cells requires the development of novel materials with a defined combination of properties ensuring sufficient reliability and scalability of the process in addition to good efficiency and operation stability of the devices. In this work, we designed two novel polymers comprising thiazolothiazole units and investigated their performance as absorber materials for organic solar cells and modules. Optimized small-area solar cells based on P1/[70]PCBM ([6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester) blends exhibited promising power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.5%, while larger area modules fabricated using slot die coating showed encouraging PCE of 4.2%. Additionally, the fabricated devices showed promising outdoor stability maintaining 60–70% of the initial efficiency after 20 sun days being exposed to natural sunlight at the Negev desert. The obtained results feature the designed polymer P1 as a promising absorber material for a large-scale production of organic solar cells under ambient conditions.
关键词： Thiazolothiazole,Conjugated polymers,Photovoltaic modules,Organic solar cells,Slot-die coating
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Novel ?2-1,3-D-glucan porous microcapsule enveloped folate-functionalized liposomes as a Trojan horse for facilitated oral tumor-targeted co-delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs and quantum dot
摘要： In this study, a new type of β-1,3-D-glucan porous microcapsule (GPM)-enveloped and folate conjugated chitosan-functional liposome (FCL), FCL@GPM, was developed for the potential oral co-delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs and quantum dots (QDs) with facilitated drug absorption and antitumor efficacy. In this dual-particulate system, multiple FCLs serve as the cores for effective loading, folate-mediated tumor-targeting, facilitated intracellular accumulation, and pH-responsive controlled release of chemotherapeutic agents, while a GPM acts as the shell for affording macrophage-mediated tumor selectivity. Gefitinib (GEF) was selected as a chemotherapeutic agent, while acid degradable ZnO QDs were selected due to its dual role both as an anticancer agent for synergistic chemotherapy and as a fluorescent probe for potential cancer cellular imaging. The GEF and ZnO QDs co-loaded FCL@GPMs (GEF/ZnO-FCL@GPMs) have a prolonged release manner with limited release before uptake by intestinal cells. Furthermore, the Peyer’s patches uptake, macrophages uptake, cytotoxicity, and biodistribution of FCL@GPMs were tested. In addition, GEF and ZnO QDs co-loaded FCLs (GEF/ZnO-FCLs) not only have a tumor acidity responsive release property, but also induce a superior cytotoxicity on cancer cells as compared to GEF. Moreover, a 1.75-fold increase in the bioavailability of GEF delivered from GEF/ZnO-FCL@GPMs as compared to its trademarked drug (Iressa?). As a result, GEF/ZnO-FCL@GPMs exerted a superior antitumor efficacy (1.47-fold) as compared to its trademarked drug in mice. Considered together, the developed FCL@GPMs, combining the unique physicochemical and biological benefits of FCLs and GPMs, possess a great potential as an efficient delivery system for the co-delivery of chemotherapeutic agents and quantum dots.
关键词： chemotherapeutic drugs,pH-responsive controlled release,tumor-targeting,oral co-delivery,macrophage-mediated tumor selectivity,β-1,3-D-glucan porous microcapsule,folate conjugated chitosan-functional liposome,quantum dots
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57