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Design of 2 to 18?GHz balanced antipodal Vivaldi antennas using substrate-integrated lenses
摘要： Conventional balanced antipodal Vivaldi antennas (BAVAs) normally have deep ripple levels in E-plane mainlobe region and significant H-plane beamwidth variation over upper frequency band, which are drawbacks for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. To overcome these issues, this paper introduces two types of lens configurations in front of BAVA. A gradient-index semi-cylindrical lens and a cylindrical lens are employed to improve ripples depth of E-plane mainlobe and broaden H-plane beamwidth, respectively. Both these lenses and BAVA are integrated on the same substrate and the desired refractive indexes of lenses are realized by a combination of a set of air-filled holes in the substrate. Prototypes of the modified BAVA with lenses (BAVA-Ls) are designed, fabricated, and experimentally investigated as well. Measured results show close agreement with simulation. The proposed BAVA-Ls exhibit promising performances such as smaller ripple levels in E-plane mainlobe, wider H-plane beamwidth, higher aperture efficiency, and excellent group delay, while maintaining good bandwidth characteristics over 2 to 18 GHz.
关键词： effective medium theory,dielectric lens,ultra-wideband (UWB),Balanced antipodal Vivaldi antenna (BAVA)
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Technique for constructing hemispherical dielectric lens antennas
摘要： Hemispherical dielectric lens antennas can be designed to present multifunctional operation. Simple and efficient mathematical modeling to design these structures is presented. The constructing technique is based on the lens material and the desired operational frequency of the dielectric lens antennas. The analytical developed model was compared with both complete wave numerical simulations and practical experiments. The results indicate that the proposed equations to build hemispherical dielectric lens antennas are adequate for different operational frequencies and also for different dielectric lens materials.
关键词： analytical model,lens reflections and resonances,dielectric lens antenna,focal length,gain
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36