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Electrochemical synthesis of Al–Al <sub/>2</sub> O <sub/>3</sub> composites for selective laser melting
摘要： Novel electrochemical method for obtaining Al–Al2O3 composites for selective laser melting technology has been studied. The electrochemical cell with the flexible cathode and the anode device has been developed. The initial aluminum powder was characterized: aluminum content was more than 99.8 wt %; the average particle diameter was ～40 μm. Oxidized aluminum powder was studied: γ–Al2O3 in the surface oxide layer form was detected; the increase in the particle diameter was 10–20 μm. Electrochemical oxidation technological parameters have been studied. At 0.1 A cm cathodic current density electrolysis duration was 220 min, 24 V voltage along with 80 ° C electrolyte temperature reached. The oxidation mechanism of aluminum particles has been developed. The increase in the surface oxide layer occurred, and this led to an increase in voltage. The 3D object from the oxidized aluminum powder was synthesized by selective laser melting method. The 3D object was perfectly sintered and did not crumble. Good reinforcements distribution in the volume of the synthesized 3D object has been achieved.
关键词： reinforcements,anodic oxidation,electrolysis,aluminum–alumina composites,selective laser melting
更新于2025-11-21 11:24:58
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Preparation of La<sub>0.9</sub>Sr<sub>0.1</sub>Ga<sub>0.8</sub>Mg<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Film by Pulse Laser Deposition (PLD) Method on Porous Ni–Fe Metal Substrate for CO<sub>2</sub> Electrolysis
摘要： Preparation of metal supported La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3 (LSGM) thin film cell for CO2 electrolysis was studied and by using selective reduction method of NiO–NiFe2O4, it was found that porous Ni–Fe(9:1) based substrate with ca.30% porosity was successfully prepared without large volume change resulting in the successful preparation of LaGaO3 dense thin film on metal substrate. By using Ce0.8Sm0.2O2 (SDC) thin film, Ni diffusion from Ni–Fe substrate was prevented. CO2 electrolysis was performed on the prepared LSGM/SDC on Ni–Fe porous substrate. When Sm0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (SSC) anode was prepared by screen print method using SSC powder, sintering of SSC powder was significantly occurred resulting in the large IR loss and overpotential. In contrast, when SSC anode layer was deposited by PLD (30 min) after LSGM/SDC layer deposition, tight contact between SSC anode and LSGM electrolyte film was obtained and the large CO2 electrolysis current of 3 and 0.5 A/cm2 were achieved at 973 and 773 K, respectively. Impedance analysis suggests that increased CO2 electrolysis current was obtained by decreased IR loss and electrode overpotential.
关键词： LaGaO3 thin film,CO2 electrolysis,metal support,solid oxide electrolysis cell
更新于2025-11-19 16:51:07
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Voltage Stimulated Anion Binding of Metallo-Porphyrin Induced Crystalline 2D Nanoflakes
摘要： Voltage stimulated redox active materials received significant attention in the field of organic electronics and sensor technology. Consequently, such stimuli responsive materials triggered the formation of crystalline nanostructures facilitates the design of efficient smart devices hitherto unknown. Thus, we reported free base and metallo- tetratolylporphyrin linked ferrocene derivatives (H2TTP-Fc and ZnTTP-Fc) undergo distinct proton/anion binding mechanism in CHCl3 during bulk electrolysis at applied voltage of 1.4 V followed by nanospheres and crystalline 2D nanoflakes formation via MVD approach. Cyclic voltammetry and UV-Vis absorption studies of H2TTP-Fc and ZnTTP-Fc revealed the cation (H+)/anion (Cl-) binding affinity towards free ‘N’ atoms and Zn leads [H4TTP-Fc]+Cl- and H+[(Cl)ZnTTP-Fc]- thereby improvement in current and charge generation compared to initial state. SEM and TEM images revealed the nanospheres and 2D nanoflakes with average diameter of 50 – 200 nm and 0.2 - 1 μm. x-ray diffraction analysis suggest that protonated H2TTP-Fc aggregates exhibit amorphous nature, while H+[(Cl)ZnTTP-Fc]- revealed crystalline nature from layer-by-layer arrangement of nanoflakes assisted by π-π stacking and ion-dipole interactions. Hence, voltage responsive anion binding of metallo-porphyrins unique observation offer remarkable design of smart organic materials for sensors and biological applications.
关键词： anion binding,crystalline nanoflakes,metallo-porphyrin,self-assembly,bulk electrolysis
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Solar hydrogen production via alkaline water electrolysis
摘要： Electricity generation via direct conversion of solar energy with zero carbon dioxide emission is essential from the aspect of energy supply security as well as from the aspect of environmental protection. Therefore, this paper presents a system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis using a 960 Wp solar power plant. The results obtained from the monitoring of photovoltaic modules mounted in pairs on a fixed, a single-axis and a dual-axis solar tracker were examined to determine if there is a possibility to couple them with an electrolyzer. Energy performance of each photovoltaic system was recorded and analyzed during a period of one year, and the data were monitored on an online software service. Estimated parameters, such as monthly solar irradiance, solar electricity production, optimal angle, monthly ambient temperature, and capacity factor were compared to the observed data. In order to get energy efficiency as high as possible, a novel alkaline electrolyzer of bipolar design was constructed. Its design and operating UI characteristic are described. The operating UI characteristics of photovoltaic modules were tuned to the electrolyzer operating UI characteristic to maximize production. The calculated hydrogen rate of production was 1.138 g per hour. During the study the system produced 1.234 MWh of energy, with calculated of 1.31 MWh, which could power 122 houses, and has offset 906 kg of carbon or an equivalent of 23 trees.
关键词： Solar tracker,Solar energy,Photovoltaic module,Hydrogen,Alkaline electrolyzer,Water electrolysis
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Spiky Nickel Electrodes for Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution Catalysis by Femtosecond Laser Structuring
摘要： Micro- and nanostructured Ni/NiO surfaces were generated by femtosecond laser structuring for oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline water electrolysis cells. For two different angles between the laser beam and the nickel surface, two different types of laser-structured electrodes were prepared, characterized, and compared with a plane tempered nickel electrode. Their electrochemical activities for the oxygen evolution reaction were tested by using cyclic and linear sweep voltammetry. The chemical surface composition was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Laser structuring increased the overall electrochemical performance by more than one order of magnitude. The overpotential of the laser-structured electrodes for the oxygen evolution reaction was decreased by more than 100 mV due to high defect densities of the structures created by the laser ablation process.
关键词： nickel electrodes,femtosecond laser structuring,alkaline water electrolysis,electrochemical catalysis,oxygen evolution reaction
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Bulk Electrolysis of Zn-Phthalocyanine Unveils Self assembled Nanospheres via Anion Binding
摘要： Stimuli repsonsive π-conjugated macrocyclic systems has shown significant attention in organic electronics, however, amongst them, porphyrins and phthalocyanines unveiled remarkable growth towards materials and biological applications. Herein, we report bulk electrolysis of Zn-phthalocyanine system (ZnPc-OMe) under potential difference of 1.5 V in chloroform results anion binding mechanism directs the formation of self-assembled nanospheres by diffusion controlled approach. Electrochemical and UV-Vis absorption studies of ZnPc-OMe suggest that anion (Cl-) binding ability towards ‘Zn‘ whilst applied potential leads to the formation of H+[(Cl)ZnPc-OMe]- promote the enhanced current and charge generation. Microscopic analysis revealed that ZnPc-OMe and H+[(Cl)ZnPc-OMe]- exhibit the nanosheets and spheres with an average diameter of 0.5 - 1 μm and 300 – 500 nm, respectively. Powder X- ray diffraction analysis and raman spectra revealed the changes in crystalline phase transitions via ion-dipole and p -p stacking interactions. Thus, these unique features are atypical for phthalocyanine derivative hitherto unknown.
关键词： bulk electrolysis,Zn-phthalocyanine,voltage stimulus,anion binding,self-assembled nanospheres
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Femtosecond laser-induced surface structuring of the porous transport layers in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis
摘要： In proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) cells the performance and thus the conversion efficiency are influenced by the interface between the porous transport layer (PTL) and the catalyst layer (CL). In the following paper, this interface is modified by the use of femtosecond laser-induced surface structuring, so that the specific surface area of the titanium based fibers of the PTL is increased. The resulting morphology exhibits two roughness levels of (i) a relatively coarse structure featuring tips of a few micrometers in diameter and depth, which are each covered in turn by (ii) a substructure of smaller tips of a few to several hundred nanometers in diameter and depth. PEMWE electrochemical characterization and short-term stress tests reveal that the cell performance is increased due to the laser-structuring of the PTL surface towards the CL. For instance, the cell voltage is reduced by approximately 30 mV after 100 h at 4 A cm?2. These beneficial effects are observed over the entire current density range and thus correspond to a decreased equivalent cell resistance of at least 6 mΩ cm2 for electrical interfacial contact losses and at least 2 mΩ cm2 for mass transport losses. A physical characterization by scanning electron microscopy shows that the CL surface is much rougher and more jagged when using laser-structured fibers. Thus, the gaseous oxygen and the liquid water transport both from and to the active sites of the catalyst seem to be improved.
关键词： catalyst layer,cell performance,proton exchange membrane water electrolysis,porous transport layers,femtosecond laser-induced surface structuring
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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A photovoltaic powered electrolysis converter system with maximum power point tracking control
摘要： One of the main problems for renewable and other innovative energy sources is the storage of energy for sustainability. This study focuses on two different scenarios to benefit from solar energy more efficiently. Photovoltaic (PV) energy is converted to the desired voltage level using a buck converter for generating hydrogen with electrolysis process. A maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is used to benefit from the photovoltaic sources more efficiently. The basic electrolysis load for hydrogen production needs low voltage and high current and controlled sensitively to supply these conditions. The photovoltaic powered buck converter for electrolysis load was simulated in MATLAB/Simulink software using a perturb and observe (P and O) MPPT algorithm and PI controller. The simulation results show that in normal, short circuit and open circuit working conditions the PV and load voltages are stabilized. The efficiency of the proposed system is reached more than 90% for high irradiance levels.
关键词： Maximum power point tracking,Electrolysis process,Hydrogen energy generation from PV,DC-DC buck converter,Perturb and observe method,Proportional integral control
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Green hydrogen as feedstock: Financial analysis of a photovoltaic-powered electrolysis plant
摘要： The weather-dependent electricity generation from Renewable Energy Sources (RES), such as solar and wind power, entails that systems for energy storage are becoming progressively more important. Among the different solutions that are being explored, hydrogen is currently considered as a key technology allowing future long-term and large-scale storage of renewable power. Today, hydrogen is mainly produced from fossil fuels, and steam methane reforming (SMR) is the most common route for producing it from natural gas. None of the conventional methods used is GHG-free. The Power-to-Gas concept, based on water electrolysis using electricity coming from renewable sources is the most environmentally clean approach. Given its multiple uses, hydrogen is sold both as a fuel, which can produce electricity through fuel cells, and as a feedstock in several industrial processes. Just the feedstock could be, in the short term, the main market of RES-based hydrogen. In this paper, we present the results obtained from a techno-economic-financial evaluation of a system to produce green hydrogen to be sold as a feedstock for industries and research centres. A system which includes a 200 kW photovoltaic plant and a 180 kW electrolyser, to be located in Messina (Italy), is proposed as a case study. According to the analyses carried out, and taking into account the current development of technologies, it has been found that investment to realise a small-scale PV-based hydrogen production plant can be remunerative.
关键词： Renewable energy sources (RES),Financial analysis,Oxygen,Hydrogen,PV-powered electrolysis,Feedstock
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Investigation of hydrogen production potential of the LASER inertial confinement fusion fission energy (LIFE) engine
摘要： The main purpose of this paper is to research of the time-dependent hydrogen production possibility of the Laser Inertial Con?nement Fusion Fission Energy (LIFE) engine using steam methane reforming (SMR), sulfureiodine (SeI) thermochemical water splitting and high temperature electrolysis (HTE) cycles. The fuel zone of the LIFE engine contains 90 vol % Flibe coolant and 10 vol% TRISO coated minor actinides. Firstly, to examine the time-dependent hydrogen generation potential of this reactor, the time-dependent neutronic performance of the reactor has been performed with using the MCNP neutron transport code. As a result of neutronic calculations, tritium production (TBR), energy multiplication factor (M) and fuel burnup (BU) values have been computed. Secondly, the total power required for SMR, SeI and HTE cycle process have been calculated by using the time dependent energy multiplication factor obtained from the neutronic results. Depending on this total power, the change of hydrogen production with operation time in the LIFE engine has been investigated. As a result of the calculations, it has been found that the LIFE engine has a good both neutronic performance and hydrogen production by SMR, SeI and HTE cycle process.
关键词： Minor actinides,SeI cycle,LIFE engine,Steam methane reforming,Hydrogen,High temperature electrolysis
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52