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Investigation of ultrafast energy transfer mechanism in BODIPY–Porphyrin dyad system
摘要： Novel β-fused BODIPY-Porphyrin compounds that contain free base porphyrin (TPP2BDP) and its Ni(II) complex (NiTPP2BDP) were synthesized to investigate intramolecular energy transfer mechanisms of β-fused BODIPY-porphyrin dyads and effect of the unfilled d shell metal ion on energy transfer mechanism. Fluorescence spectra of compounds exhibited that BODIPY emission was diminished upon excitation of the BODIPY unit because of the energy transfer from BODIPY to porphyrin unit. Femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy measurements revealed that energy transfer of investigated compounds are faster than previous studies in literature. Rapid energy transfer (about 500 fs) from BODIPY to porphyrin was observed for both compounds when BODIPY unit is excited due to direct linkage of BODIPY to porphyrin unit. Intersystem crossing mechanism was also observed for the compound that contains free base porphyrin (TPP2BDP), whereas d-d transition was observed for the compound that contains metalloporphyrin (NiTPP2BDP) due to unfilled d orbital of Ni(II) ion.
关键词： Fast energy transfer,Borondipyrromethene,Porphyrin,Ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 38th Central America and Panama Convention (CONCAPAN XXXVIII) - San Salvador, El Salvador (2018.11.7-2018.11.9)] 2018 IEEE 38th Central America and Panama Convention (CONCAPAN XXXVIII) - Sombreamiento de terrenos compartidos: plantas solares fotovoltaicas y cultivos Shared Fields Shading: Solar Power Plants and Crops
摘要： There is a global increasing trend to install fixed photovoltaic (PV) power plants on the ground. Its environmental impact compels us to think about other options on how to handle the soil use. This research examines a combination of a power plant and a secondary product, like a crop that actually requires shading to grow or improve its output. This kind of mix (PV&crops) is already under research, but no research initiative under the same focus was found in Latin America. This article reviews the traditional systems applied in agriculture to provide shading to crops (shade net and agroforestry), they are compared with a solar photovoltaic plant installed over the crop, and possible benefits are analyzed. Also, regional crops were studied where shading of a photovoltaic plant could provide benefits, a study of the final radiation distribution of a test plant was done. This research is part of an effort to establish value on new sustainable techniques in order to reduce the environmental impact of a photovoltaic power plant.
关键词： crops,shared use,soil use,photovoltaic energy,solar plant
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Luminescence quenching properties of Sr2Ga2GeO7: Pr3+ with and without traps participation
摘要： Thermal quenching has been extensively regarded as one of the most signi?cant challenges that limits the application of phosphors in today's world. Further e?ort is urgently required to understand the mechanism of thermal stability for achieving the improved performance of these phosphors. Sr2Ga2GeO7: Pr3+ has been synthesized by the conventional high temperature solid state reaction. A dominant green emitting is presented for the partial energy transition quenching process of the 3P0→3H4 emission. The defect states structure is improved via the introducing of co-solvents, and the thermal stability of 1D2→3H4 and 3P0→3H4 levels can be further adjusted. The intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) and traps are introduced to explain the luminescence quenching properties of Sr2Ga2GeO7: Pr3+. The synergy of various models will provide a new idea for improving the luminescence stability of phosphors in the future.
关键词： Partial energy transition,Thermal quenching,IVCT,Mechanism
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 28th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV) - Greifswald (2018.9.23-2018.9.28)] 2018 28th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV) - A Novel Method to Generate Multicomponent Metal Ions by Anodic and Cathodic Vacuum Arc Plasmas with Pure Electrodes
摘要： Usually multicomponent ions are generated from cathodic vacuum arc plasma with compound cathodes. In this paper, a novel method to produce multicomponent ions by simultaneous anodic and cathodic vacuum arc plasmas with pure electrodes has been studied. The vacuum arc discharge has been operated with Al anode and W cathode. To characterize the plasma plume generation, a combination of high-speed camera and time-of-flight mass spectrometer has been used to measure the spot phenomenon and multicomponent ions, respectively. Luminous spots have been simultaneously found on the anode and cathode to produce multicomponent ions, which has been verified by the examination of electrode erosion using SEM. The ion charge state distribution and multicomponent ions have also been measured. For comparison, the characteristic of vacuum arc discharge operated with the exchange of electrodes has been studied, which exhibits obvious discrepancies. This behavior of vacuum arc is considered to be controlled by the difference of cohesive energy, because the heat flow to the electrodes is sufficient to evaporate the electrode, and the ionization process by the plasma occurs in the nonequilibrium layers near the evaporated surface in cathode and anode regions. This interesting result is proposed to use for the synthesis of compound films.
关键词： cohesive energy,vacuum arc,multicomponent ions
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) - Portland, OR, USA (2018.9.23-2018.9.27)] 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) - Current-Fed Quasi Z-Source Inverter Based PV Distributed Generation Controller
摘要： Recently, the renewable photovoltaic distributed generation (PV-DG) enjoys a rapid growth globally due to the advancement in solar systems and power electronics technologies. However, the intermittent nature of solar radiation and performance of the attached power converters, inevitably poses some challenges to the power grids integrated large-scale solar-farms (SF). These challenges include frequency oscillations, voltage variation and power quality issues. To overcome these problems, this study proposes a Current-Fed quasi Z-source Inverter (CF-qZSI) as an alternative converter for distribution generation controllers to facilitate the integration of a PV energy source into a weak power system. The detailed model of the CF-qZSI-based distribution controller (CqZDC) and its control system are developed. The dynamic performance of the CqZDC device is evaluated to validate different objectives using an actual field data and RTDS simulation platform.
关键词： frequency stability,current source inverter,wide band gap devices,Accommodation of renewable energy resources,power quality improving,facilitating of distributed electricity generations
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Low-frequency dielectric spectroscopy and distinct relaxation modes in smectic phases of liquid crystal dimers
摘要： Low-Frequency (LF~20Hz–10MHz) ac field response and relaxation modes are investigated in layered liquid crystalline (LC) smectic phases exhibited by Hydrogen bonded dimers, viz., nOnBA:MA:nOBA’s with sort spacer moiety and long flexible end chains for n=10,11 and 12. Permittivity (ε') and loss (ε'') determined from capacitance and loss factor. Phase transition temperatures (Tc) are determined. Intra-molecular aromatic interaction and storage capacity are evinced by hysteresis behavior. Data of loss ε''(ω) and permittivity ε'r(ω) recorded in smectic phases infers non-Debye type of asymmetric dispersion. Multiple loss peaks in ε''(ω) is argued to involve distinct time scaled relaxations. Relaxation analyzed by Cole-Davidson method. Re-orientation of longitudinal dipole moment μ to the field analyzed. μ is resolved by rigid core, intra-molecular repulsive and flexible end-chain components. Observed distinct time scale response confirms dipolar components. Trends of relaxation frequency, activation energy, loss maxima, dielectric strength and distribution parameter are analyzed in device perspective. Relaxation and order director fluctuations analyzed. ODF suggest the device utility in high temperature smectic phases far away from critical fluctuations.
关键词： Order Director Fluctuations,Relaxation,Permittivity,Resolved dipole moment,Activation energy,Reorientation,Loss
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 2nd International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies (ISMSIT) - Ankara, Turkey (2018.10.19-2018.10.21)] 2018 2nd International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies (ISMSIT) - The setup cost payback times of 1 kW fixed and dual axis tracking solar energy systems
摘要： In this paper an 80 W optimally tilted fixed solar energy system and an 80 W azimuth-altitude dual solar axis tracking system are designed and analyzed. The systems are mounted on the roof an industrial building in Sakarya, Turkey. The fixed solar energy system is tilted at the yearly optimum tilt angle for the city. The tracking system is designed to follow the Sun’s position by means of solar mathematics. The electrical behavior of the systems are observed for six months and the obtained results are used to evaluate the setup cost payback times of 1 kW applications. In conclusion it is determined that the fixed solar energy system pay back its setup cost in 7.18 years and the tracking solar energy system in 10.73 years.
关键词： solar tracking system,fixed solar energy system,optimally tilted,setup cost payback time
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Smart Lighting Systems as a Demand Response Solution for Future Smart Grids
摘要： Massive deployment of distributed and intermittent renewable energy sources cause instability in the power system because of the mismatch between the power generation and load consumption. In order to solve this problem, smart loads embedded with modern power electronic converters and communication devices are being developed. They are able to communicate with the utility and perform automatic demand response. In this paper, we propose a smart light-emitting diode (LED) driver for lighting. This smart LED driver adjusts its electricity usage in response to the utility without the expense of human visual comfort. To achieve this goal, a new control method is developed and a typical rate of change of LED power is determined through conducting a series of visual assessments with interviewees. An experimental smart LED driver is built to validate the new control method. Experimental report from the visual assessments has confirmed that the proposed control method can significantly reduce the light flickering caused by change of LED power.
关键词： Smart lighting,demand response,renewable energy,smart grid
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Integration of organic/inorganic nanostructured materials in a hybrid nanogenerator enables efficacious energy harvesting via mutual performance enhancement
摘要： Recent reports demonstrate that hybrid energy harvesting devices can efficiently convert ubiquitously available but mostly unexploited ambient energies (e.g., mechanical, chemical, thermal, solar) into usable power that can potentially support a new generation of self-powered electronic systems. In this paper, we present a hybrid organic/inorganic nanogenerator on shim substrates, which integrates both piezoelectric and triboelectric components based on inorganic p-n junction ZnO nanostructures and nanostructured organic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film, respectively. In this design, individual components can be operated independently or concurrently. Moreover, when operated concurrently, component performance is mutually enhanced, enabling more efficient conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy in a single press-and-release cycle. When triggered with 25 Hz frequency and 1G acceleration of external force, the piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) component generates a peak-to-peak output voltage of 34.8V, which is ～3 times higher than its output when it acts alone. Similarly, the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) component generates a peak-to-peak output voltage of 356V under the same conditions, which is higher than its initial output of 280V when acting alone. The nanogenerator unit produces an average peak output voltage of 186 V, current density of 10.02 μA/cm2, and average peak power density of 1.864 mW/cm2 when operated in the hybrid configuration. The device can even produce an average peak-to-peak voltage of ~160V from normal hand movement when placed under a wristband fitness tracker, and ~580V from human walking when placed within the walker’s shoe. The device has been demonstrated to charge commercial capacitors up to a few volts within several seconds.
关键词： nanoplates,energy harvesting,hybrid nanogenerators,nanowires,piezoelectricity,triboelectricity
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) - Portland, OR, USA (2018.8.5-2018.8.10)] 2018 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) - An Innovative Methodology for Load and Generation Modelling in a Reliability Assessment with PV and Smart Meter Readings
摘要： With a paradigm shift from centralized to decentralized integration of distributed generation, particularly the photovoltaic (PV) systems made significant impacts on the reliability of power systems. The intermittency of PV and the stochastic nature of load results in a complex interaction of PV and load profiles, in a reliability assessment. In order to reduce the complexities of intermittent power generation interaction with smart meter customer consumptions, this paper presents an innovative methodology for the modeling of intermittent PV generation and smart meter readings in a reliability assessment in a power system. A case study was performed incorporating different scenarios of PV integrations with real-world smart meter load data, and climate projections weather in a UK environment. The results validate robustness of the proposed modeling framework for the reliability assessment in a power system with an accuracy of more than 99.5% and 97.5%, compared with actual generation and load profiles respectively.
关键词： PV modelling,Reliability assessment,Load modelling,Expected energy not supplied
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52