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Simulation and visualization of crystal shapes and interfaces
摘要： Nature often arranges atoms in the shape of perfect crystals, but sometimes she creates defects and multiple domains. The optimal crystal shape at zero kelvin can be found via the Wul? construction, which can be only be carried out analytically for those trivial cases where next nearest neighbour interactions can be neglected. For our system of interest - videlicit the HCP non-Bravais case, numerical simulation is needed. This system is of relevance because we are modeling helium crystals. We have modeled two adjacent crystallites with di?erent orientations in contact creating twist or tilt grain boundaries, and calculated the surface energy of the interface. Experience gained from several aspects of this project have a wider applications, including the condensed matter simulation application to sample construction for multi-domain crystals, and a visualization one for representation in the presence of grain boundaries. The optimization of sample shapes into their groundstates is also related to wavefront optimization in multimirror telescopes.
关键词： surface energy,interfaces,HCP lattice,Wul? construction,crystal shapes,grain boundaries
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Designing multidirectional energy splitters and topological valley supernetworks
摘要： Using group theoretic and topological concepts, together with tunneling phenomena, we geometrically design interfacial wave networks that contain splitters which partition energy in two, three, four, or five directions. This enriches the valleytronics literature that has, so far, been limited to two-directional splitters. Additionally, we describe a design paradigm that gives greater detail about the relative transmission along outgoing leads, away from a junction; previously, only the negligible transmission leads were predictable. We utilize semianalytic numerical simulations, as opposed to finite element methods, to clearly illustrate all of these features with highly resolved edge states. As a consequence of this theory, networks, with directionality tunable by geometry, ideal for applications such as beam-splitters, switches, and filters are created. Coupling these networks that contain multidirectional energy-splitters culminates in the realization of a topological supernetwork.
关键词： multidirectional energy splitters,valleytronics,topological valley supernetworks,group theoretic,tunneling phenomena,topological concepts
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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[IEEE 2018 19th International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology (ICEPT) - Shanghai (2018.8.8-2018.8.11)] 2018 19th International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology (ICEPT) - Effect of ZnS size on the dielectric and energy storage properties of ZnS/polymer composites
摘要： Dielectric polymer capable of withstanding a high electric field are highly desired in electronic devices and electric power systems, to ensure reliability and provide high energy density. In this work, ZnS particles with three sizes (100 nm, 500 nm and 3um) were prepared by using polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CATB) as capping agent. The ZnS filled PVDF films were obtained by a solution mixing and coating process. The dielectric properties and energy storage performance were investigated in detail. The films filled with 100nm-ZnS showed much higher breakdown strength, than the 500nm-ZnS and 3um-ZnS filled ones. When the loading of ZnS (100 nm) is 3 wt %, the film achieved enhanced energy storage properties (Eb~496.6 kV/mm, energy density~6.47 J/cm3).
关键词： dielectrics,polymer composites,ZnS,high voltage,energy storage density
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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[IEEE 2018 International Conference on Information Systems and Computer Science (INCISCOS) - Quito, Ecuador (2018.11.13-2018.11.15)] 2018 International Conference on Information Systems and Computer Science (INCISCOS) - Energy Management of a Solar-Battery Powered Fixed-Wing UAV
摘要： In this work, a hybrid solar-battery feeding system is proposed to achieve a constant output power on a fixed-wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-UAV. Firstly, a single and hybrid power source configurations for long endurance UAV applications are exposed. Thus, a solar-battery based feeding system with a suitable energy management is proposed. Furthermore, a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technique is selected to achieve the maximum efficiency of the solar photovoltaic (PV) array. Besides, Sliding-Mode Control (SMC) is implemented on a cascade control scheme in order to achieve a suitable energy conversion. Finally, the hybrid feeding system performance is analyzed for different solar radiation and load profiles remarking proper dynamic and steady-state responses.
关键词： unmanned aerial vehicle,maximum power point tracking,fixed-wing,sliding-mode control,Energy management,photovoltaic system
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Reduction of Forced Outages in Islanded Microgrids by Compensating Model Uncertainties in PV Rating and Battery Capacity
摘要： Energy management systems for islanded microgrids often rely on predictions of energy availability and usage. Such predictions can be used to plan actions, such as shedding non-essential loads, so that critical loads continue to be served. However, uncertainties in the prediction models may lead to incorrect decisions, and subsequently jeopardize reliable operation of the microgrid. For a photovoltaic (PV) and battery based microgrid, uncertainties in the PV rating and the battery capacity model parameters can lead to otherwise avoidable outages. In this paper, techniques have been developed to identify and compensate for such model uncertainties. The approach uses differences between the actual and predicted data sequences to determine compensation factors to improve prediction accuracy. The developed techniques account for operating condition changes automatically, and no additional sensors are needed for their implementation. The method has been evaluated using data from rooftop irradiance and temperature sensors and the corresponding forecasts. It has been shown that the proposed techniques can improve the accuracy of the predictions and hence lead to more effective energy management decisions. Together with a pre-emptive load shedding strategy, the total outage time of the microgrid can be shortened by as much as 11% for the chosen scenario.
关键词： Energy management,photovoltaic systems,prediction model uncertainties,microgrids
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Energy Management System for the Photovoltaic Battery Integrated Module
摘要： Given the complementary nature of photovoltaic (PV) generation and energy storage, the combination of a solar panel and a battery pack in one single device is proposed. To realize this concept, the PV Battery Integrated Module (PBIM), it is fundamental to analyze the system architecture and energy management. This paper focuses on selecting a suitable architecture among the different options, while also indicating the control strategy that the converters must follow to ensure appropriate performance. Also, several modes of operation for the complete system are introduced to implement energy management. For the selected DC architecture, two case studies, viz. off-grid and peak-shaving for a grid-tied system, were employed to characterize the response of the model demonstrating its utility to perform maximum power-point tracking, excess solar power curtailment, and battery charging and discharging. The proposed control and system architecture prove to be feasible for a PV Battery Integrated device such as PBIM.
关键词： integrated module,systems architecture,energy management,PV-battery
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Risk analysis using meteorological weather factors in solar energy conversion systems
摘要： We propose a methodology for conducting simulations of operational scenarios for energy projects based on photovoltaic generation systems. It considers several documented facts about time series of weather, such as strong seasonality and structural breaks, which the previous literature has not explored in depth. Our proposal uses public weather time series, which are usually recorded by meteorological observatories. This makes our approach a suitable strategy for any firm interested in applying it to its own data and projects. This approach also allows the user to set an appropriate level of confidence for the scenarios depending on her interests.
关键词： renewable energy sources,photovoltaic systems,risk measurement,structural breakpoints,horizontal solar radiation
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Shape-Dependent Aggregation of Silver Particles by Molecular Dynamics Simulation
摘要： In crystallization, nanoparticle aggregation often leads to the formation of orderly structures, even single crystals. Why can nanoparticles form orderly structures and what is the mechanism dominating their orderly aggregation? These questions raise interesting research problems, but the occurrences that could answer them often fail to be directly observed, since the interaction among particles is invisible. Here, we report an attempt to discover the interaction and aggregation of building blocks through a computer simulation, focusing on the shape effect of building blocks on the aggregation. Four types of silver building blocks were selected, each consisting of (100) and (111) facets, but the ratio of these two facets was different. It was found that the area of facets played an important role in selecting the aggregation mode. The facets with a large area and high energy had a high possibility of aggregation. In addition, the effects of solvent viscosity and temperature were also investigated. High viscosity and low temperature enhanced the orderliness of aggregation. This paper reports a detailed view of the aggregation process of silver nanoparticles, which is expected to be helpful in understanding the structure evolution of materials in nonclassical crystallization.
关键词： silver nanoparticle,surface energy,facet area,collision frequency,aggregation process
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Technoeconomic analysis of a grid-connected PV and battery energy storage system considering time of use pricing
摘要： This paper examines the technoeconomic optimization of the size of valve-regulated lead acid-type battery energy storage systems (BESSs) in order to minimize the total annual operating cost of a grid-connected photovoltaic BESS within the framework of system operational constraints, using the improved harmony search algorithm. The electricity cost is calculated using time of use pricing, where the price of energy varies according to the load demand. The concept of feed-in-tari? is discussed, where power can be bought from and sold back to the grid. A sensitivity analysis is performed for three cases: without storage, with storage and without peak load shaving, and with both storage and peak load shaving. The total annual operating cost of the system is calculated for all three cases and cost savings are compared. The simulations, performed with MATLAB, show a good optimization performance.
关键词： technoeconomic analysis,Battery energy storage system sizing,time of use pricing,peak load shaving,photovoltaic system
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Photo-Electrochemical Investigation of Inorganic/Organic Interfaces Assembly Consisting of Zn-Doped WO3 /Poly 4-(Thiophen-3-yl) Aniline
摘要： inorganic/Organic/Interfaces (IOI) consisting of Zn-doped WO3 (Zn-WO3) Photoactivities at /Poly 4-(Thiophen-3-yl) aniline (P3ThA) assemblies were investigated in nanoparticle suspensions and in thin solid film forms. The effects of P3ThA modifier on the photoelectrochemical behavior of the IOI were investigated using [Fe(CN)6]4- as a photoactive donor of hydrated electrons. Results show that the adsorption process of [Fe(CN)6]3- (photolysis product) controls the photoactivity outcomes of the IOI assemblies. P3ThA shows a greater heterogeneous photochemical response than native Zn-WO3. The band alignment between Zn-WO3 and P3ThA is of a p-p junction straddling gap type, where the charge transfer process is achieved through a hole transfer mechanism. The interface activities were explained by analyzing the IOI junction characteristics such as electron affinity, work function and hole/electron barrier heights. The creation of hybrid sub-band states close to the Fermi energy level at the interface was suggested. The aqueous nano-systems retained moderate stability as indicated by the reproducibility of their photocatalytic activities. Both [Fe(CN)6]4- and P3ThA contributed to the stability of the native Zn-WO3 surfaces.
关键词： photoelectrochemistry,solar energy,heterojunctions,semiconductors
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14