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Quartz Optical Fibers with Increased Content of Fluorine for Fluorimeter Probes
摘要： A method to fabricate quartz optical fibers for probes employed in fluorescence diagnostics of tumors is proposed. It is shown that the sensitivity of fluorimeters in the near-IR spectral range can be increased using quartz–quartz optical fiber probes with the core made of the Heraeus glass and the SiO2–F cladding with an increased content of fluorine in the glass of up 7 wt %. The numerical aperture of such optical fibers amounts to 0.32. The optical fibers are used to develop a prototype of a multifiber high-aperture probe for a laser oncofluorimeter with a relatively high sensitivity in a spectral interval of 900–1100 nm.
关键词： fluorimeter probes,fluorescence diagnostics,quartz optical fibers,fluorine,near-IR spectral range
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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The Effect of Transparent Conductive Oxide Substrate on the Efficiency of SnGe-perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： The efficiency of Sn-perovskite solar cells has been dramatically improved by adopting the inverted structure solar cells and is expected to reach the efficiency of lead-based perovskite solar cell. We have observed fluctuations in the efficiency of the same perovskite material due to the type of TCO substrates. In this study, we investigated the influence of TCO substrates on the solar cell characteristics of SnGe-perovskite solar cells. It was found that the efficiency of the SnGe-perovskite solar cell is better with fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate (9.24%) than indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) substrate (7.72%). The improvement of the efficiency of the cell with FTO substrate is contributed by the improvement in the short-circuit current Jsc and Voc. The high transmittance of FTO substrate enhanced the Jsc while the Voc is influenced by the Fermi level of the transparent conductive oxide film. Although there is a difference in the surface roughness between TCO substrates, there is no direct influence on the device performance that can be observed.
关键词： Fluorine-doped tin oxide,Transparent conductive film,Inverted structure,Indium-doped tin oxide,Perovskite solar cells,Pb free
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Two-terminal terahertz detectors based on AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors
摘要： We report an approach to make two-terminal antenna-coupled AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility-transistor self-mixing terahertz detectors. Fluorine ion implantation is used to increase the threshold voltage of the AlGaN/GaN two-dimensional electron gas. An optimal implantation dose can be reached so that the detector responsivity is maximized at zero gate voltage or with the gate ?oating. The relationship between the ion dosage and the threshold voltage, electron mobility, electron density, responsivity, and noise-equivalent power (NEP) is obtained. A minimum optical NEP of 47 W= ??????Hz is achieved from a two-terminal detector at 0.65 THz. The capability of two-terminal operation allows for the design of a large array of antenna-coupled high-electron-mobility transistor detectors without the demanding needs of routing negative gate voltage lines around the antenna array and minimizing the gate leakage current.
关键词： two-terminal operation,terahertz detectors,AlGaN/GaN,fluorine ion implantation,high-electron-mobility transistors
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - L-Band Amplifiers Based on Cladding-Pumped Er-Doped (Yb-Free) Fibers with Al <sub/>2</sub> O <sub/>3</sub> -SiO <sub/>2</sub> Core Highly Doped by Fluorine
摘要： Recently we have demonstrated perspectives of application double clad (DC) highly Er-doped (Yb-free) fibers for pulse amplification to a record-high energy and peak power [1]. Single-mode propagation regime, high pump-to-signal conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25% in L-band (near 1575 nm) and a relatively short fiber length (~ 6 m) was achieved by optimization of fiber geometry and core compound. Core-to-cladding ratio was chosen as high as possible (core and cladding diameters were 35 (cid:80)m and 125 (cid:80)m correspondingly) to increase pump absorption from the cladding. Utilization of P2O5-Al2O3-SiO2 (PAS) glass matrix [2] allowed us to achieve a low core numerical aperture (NA) and, simultaneously, high PCE even for heavily Er-doped fibers.
关键词： L-band amplifiers,Fluorine doping,Er-doped fibers,Al2O3-SiO2 core,Pump-to-signal conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Precise Synthesis of Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Fluoropolymers Enabled by Chain-Transfer Agent Differentiation under Visible-Light Irradiation
摘要： A photo-mediated reversible-deactivation radical polymerization has been developed based on a novel chain-transfer agent (CTAs) differentiation mechanism, enabling the precise preparation of fluoropolymers with ultra-high molecular weights, narrow molecular weight distributions and excellent chain-end fidelity at complete conversions. Moreover, this synthetic approach is efficient, scalable, temporally controllable and compatible to a variety of monomers and CTAs.
关键词： block copolymers,photochemistry,polymerization,synthetic methods,fluorine
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Dependence of Photovoltaic Properties of Spray-Pyrolyzed F-Doped SnO2 Thin Film on Spray Solution Preparation Method
摘要： Spray pyrolysis deposition of SnCl2.2H2O- and NH4F-containing solution is an appropriate method for deposition of ?uorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), which has extensive applications in photovoltaic devices. According to a literature review, several spray preparation methods have been studied. These methods lead to both precipitated and unprecipitated spray solutions. Precipitated and unprecipitated solutions were used for deposition of FTO thin ?lms. FTO obtained from unprecipitated solution yielded the lowest sheet resistance and resistivity, which was due to its highest electron concentration (ne). However, precipitation had no in?uence on electron mobility. The x-ray diffraction patterns of precipitates showed the presence of Sn- and F-containing compounds, which implied partial depletion of F and Sn from solutions. As a result, a lower amount of F(cid:2) ions was incorporated into FTO, which led to lower ne. In addition, partial depletion of Sn led to slightly smaller FTO thickness. Finally, FTO thin ?lm deposited from unprecipitated solution gave the highest ?gure of merit. This means that precipitation in the precursor solution has deleterious effects on electrical and optical properties.
关键词： Fluorine-doped tin oxide,spray pyrolysis deposition,transparent conducting oxide,thin ?lm
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Labeling Single Domain Antibody Fragments with Fluorine-18 Using 2,3,5,6-Tetrafluorophenyl 6-[ <sup>18</sup> F]Fluoronicotinate Resulting in High Tumor to Kidney Ratios
摘要： ImmunoPET agents are being investigated to assess the status of epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in breast cancer patients with the goal of selecting those likely to benefit from HER2-targeted therapies and monitoring their progress after these treatments. We have been exploring the use of single domain antibody fragments (sdAbs) labeled with 18F using residualizing prosthetic agents for this purpose. In this study, we have labeled two sdAbs that bind to different domains on the HER2 receptor — 2Rs15d and 5F7 — using 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl 6-[18F]fluoronicotinate ([18F]TFPFN) and evaluated their HER2 targeting properties in vitro and in vivo. The overall decay-corrected radiochemical yield for the synthesis of [18F]TFPFN-2Rs15d and [18F]TFPFN-5F7 was 5.7 ± 3.6% and 4.0 ± 2.0%, respectively. Radiochemical purity of labeled sdAbs was >95%; immunoreactive fractions were about 60% and affinity was in the low nanomolar range. Intracellularly trapped activity from [18F]TFPFN-2Rs15d and [18F]TFPFN-5F7 in HER2-expressing SKOV-3 ovarian and BT474M1 breast carcinoma cells were similar to the sdAbs labeled using the previously validated radioiodination residualizing prosthetic agents N-succinimidyl 4-guanidinomethyl-3-[125I]iodobenzoate ([125I]SGMIB) and N-succinimidyl 3-guanidinomethyl-5-[125I]iodobenzoate (iso-[125I]SGMIB). Intracellular activity was about 2-fold higher for radiolabeled 5F7 compared with 2Rs15d for both 18F and 125I. While tumor uptake of both [18F]TFPFN-2Rs15d and [18F]TFPFN-5F7 was comparable to those for the co-administered 125I-labeled sdAb, renal uptake of the 18F-labeled sdAbs was substantially lower. In microPET images, tumor was clearly delineated in SKOV-3 and BT474 xenograft-bearing athymic mice with low levels of background activity in normal tissues except bladder. These results indicate that the [18F]TFPFN prosthetic group could be a valuable reagent for developing sdAb-based immunoPET imaging agents.
关键词： N-Succinimidyl 4-fluorobenzoate (SFB),2,3,5,6-etrafluorophenyl 6-fluoronicotinate (TFPFN),single domain antibody fragment,immunoPET,fluorine-18,HER2
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Simulating terahertz absorption of fluorinated phenylacetylene biphenyl liquid crystal molecules
摘要： Based on the density functional theory, ten kinds of fluoro-substituted liquid crystal derivative molecules, 4-butyl-4’-[(4-butylphenyl)acetylene]biphenyl, are simulated using Gaussian09 package with Opt+Freq optimization type and B3LYP/6-311g basis set. Comparing the substituted position and number of fluorine atoms, the absorption in terahertz region is discussed. Because measurement data of liquid crystal material absorption is lacking, we can only compare in the range of 0.3?3 THz. The results show that the calculation results have the same trend as the experimental measurement absorption curve of related literature. As a conclusion, our calculations can better reflect the absorption of molecular materials and provide effective suggestions for the design and synthesis of related molecules.
关键词： Gaussian simulation,absorption,fluorine liquid crystal,spectrum,terahertz
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Polycrystalline diamond films with tailored micro/nanostructure/doping for new large area film-based diamond electronics
摘要： This paper describes processes developed to change two key electrical properties (electrical resistivity and carrier type) of ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) to microcrystalline diamond (MCD) films. The results show that the electrical properties of the investigated polycrystalline diamond films depend on the grain size and plasma treated grain boundary networks interfaces and external films’ surfaces, in which hydrogen, fluorine or nitrogen can be incorporated to tailor electrical carriers-type to tune the electrical properties. Exploring the feasibility of modulating the resistivity of polycrystalline diamond films via tailoring of grain size, surface chemistry and nitrogen or fluorine incorporation into films’ grain boundaries and external surfaces may enable applications of these diamond films as active or heat dissipation layers on micro/nano-electronic devices. This work can open the pathway to enabling an industrial process for new diamond-based electronics, since polycrystalline diamond films can be grown with extreme uniformity on 300 mm diameter Si wafers, used in manufacturing of current Si-based micro/nano-electronic devices.
关键词： Nitrogen incorporation,Diamond-based electronics,Electrical properties,Plasma treatment,Fluorine incorporation,Grain size,Polycrystalline diamond films
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Impact of the anodization time on the photocatalytic activity of TiO <sub/>2</sub> nanotubes
摘要： Titanium oxide nanotubes (TNTs) were anodically grown in ethylene glycol electrolyte. The influence of the anodization time on their physicochemical and photoelectrochemical properties was evaluated. Concomitant with the anodization time, the NT length, fluorine content, and capacitance of the space charge region increased, affecting the opto-electronic properties (bandgap, bathochromic shift, band-edge position) and surface hydrophilicity of TiO2 NTs. These properties are at the origin of the photocatalytic activity (PCA), as proved with the photooxidation of methylene blue.
关键词： nanotubes,photocatalytic activity,photoelectrochemistry,titanium(IV) oxide (TiO2),fluorine doping
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36