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Cardanol and Guaiacol sourced Solution-Processable Green Small Molecules based Organic Solar Cells
摘要： An environment compatible organic solar cell (OSC) has potential to build a global clean energy infrastructure for the world. However, much less attention has been focused on the structures sourced from greener origin, to enhance the sustainability aspect of these devices. Herein, we report a rational design, synthesis and characterization of donor (D)-acceptor (A) based green organic small molecules, consisting of difluoro-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BTF2) as the acceptor, with a thiophene (T) and renewable resource materials, cardanol (C) and guaiacol (G) as the donor materials. The reference molecule, abbreviated as T4BTF2, is fully petro-sourced, while C2T2BTF2, G2T2BTF2 are partly renewable origin molecules. A broad and strong absorption characteristics ranging from 300 to 600 nm along with higher thermal stability is supportive for the utility of the greener origin small molecules in solar cells. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations revealed that G2T2BTF2 is highly planar than C2T2BTF2 due to the difference in the positioning of alkyl/alkoxy chain. Bulk heterojunction OSCs with PC71BM as the acceptor, G2T2BTF2 exhibited the high Voc of 0.83 V among all the analysed small molecules. When compared with the reference molecule T4BTF2, G2T2BTF2 showed a high PCE of 5.56 % with a high Jsc of 10.98 mA/cm2 and FF of 0.61, whereas the PCEs of T4BTF2 and C2T2BTF2 are 3.98 % and 3.23%, respectively. Our work demonstrates a rational approach to synthesize and develop green organic semiconductors using the bio-feedstock derived starting materials for realizing efficient and environment compatible OSCs.
关键词： Organic small-molecules,Green organic solar cells,Renewable phenols,fluorine substituents,Sustainable,donor-acceptor
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Effect of fluorine substituents on benzothiadiazole-based Da????a??Aa?2a????a??A photosensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells
摘要： Two D–π–A0–π–A organic dyes with triazatruxene (TAT) as the electron donor, thiophene as the π-spacer, benzoic acid as the anchor group, and benzothiadiazole (BT) or difluorobenzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (DFBT) as the additional acceptor, namely LS101 and LS102, respectively, were applied to dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). As fluorine substituents are usually strong electron-withdrawing groups, introducing two fluorine atoms into BT was expected to strengthen the electron-withdrawing ability of the auxiliary acceptor, resulting in DSSCs with a broader light capture region and further improved power conversion efficiency (PCE). Fluorine is the smallest electron-withdrawing group with an induction effect, but can also act as an electron-donating group owing to its conjugation effect. When the conjugation effect is dominant, the electron-withdrawing ability of additional acceptor DFBT decreases instead. Accordingly, the band gap of LS102 was broadened and the UV-vis absorption spectrum was blue-shifted. In the end, DSSCs based on LS101 achieved a champion PCE of 10.2% (Jsc = 15.1 mA cm?2, Voc = 966 mV, FF = 70.1%) while that based on LS102 gave a PCE of only 8.6% (Jsc = 13.4 mA cm?2, Voc = 934 mV, FF = 69.1%) under standard AM 1.5G solar irradiation (100 mW cm?2) with Co2+/Co3+ as the electrolyte.
关键词： Power conversion efficiency,Fluorine substituents,Organic photosensitizers,Benzothiadiazole,Dye-sensitized solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59