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Formation of carbon quantum dots and graphene nanosheets from different abundant carbonaceous materials
摘要： Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and graphene nanosheets (GNs) are one of the most attractive fluorescent carbon nano-sized materials with unique features of optical and physico-chemical properties having various applications in chemical sensing, biomedicine, semiconductor devices, photo-catalyzing, and electrocatalysis. The primary purpose of this preliminary work is the feasibility study for synthesis of nano-structured value-added carbon products i.e., CQDs and GNs from cheap and abundant carbon sources, such as coal, petroleum coke, graphite, and coal-based humic acid by hydrothermal techniques. The physico-chemical properties of the raw precursors were evaluated by proximate and ultimate analysis. High resolution-transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transforms infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD), UV-visible (UV-vis), and fluorescence (FL) spectrophotometer were used to achieve physico-chemical parameters of carbon nanostructures, to better comprehend the development of carbon quantum dots and graphene nanosheets. HR-TEM analysis indicates that the dimensions of the synthesized CQDs from different carbon sources exist in the range of 3-6.5 nm. The approximate quantum yields (QY) of the synthesized carbon nanomaterials were found to be about 2-22%. The synthesised carbon based nanomaterials (i.e. CQDs and GNs) have been efficiently used in the photo-degradation of harmful 2-nitrophenols (2-NP) with the efficiency of 80.79% for CQDs and 82.53% for GNs, respectively. The present study provides a simple and environmentally-sound technique for large-scale fabrication of typical CQDs and GNs from abundantly available low-grade coal and other carbonaceous materials for photo-catalysis application.
关键词： Carbon Dots,Photocatalytic degradation,Carbonaceous materials,Graphene nanosheet,Hydrothermal treatment,Fluorescent materials
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Modeling of cancer photothermal therapy using near‐infrared radiation and functionalized graphene nanosheets
摘要： Photothermal therapy using near-infrared radiation and local heating agents can induce selective tumor ablation with limited harm to the surrounding normal tissue. Graphene sheets are promising local heating agents due to their strong absorbance of near-infrared radiation. Experimental studies have been conducted to study the heating effect of graphene in photothermal therapy, yet few efforts have been devoted to the quantitative understanding of energy conversion and transport in such systems. Herein, a computational study of cancer photothermal therapy using near-infrared radiation and graphene is presented using a Monte Carlo approach. A three-dimensional model was built with a cancer cell inside a cube of healthy tissue. Functionalized graphene nanosheets were randomly distributed on the surface of the cancer cell. The effects of the concentration and morphology of the graphene nanosheets on the thermal behavior of the system were quantitatively investigated. The interfacial thermal resistance around the graphene sheets, which affects the transfer of heat in the nanoscale, was also varied to probe its effect on the temperature increase of the cancer cell and the healthy tissue. The results of this study could guide researchers to optimize photothermal therapy with graphene, while the modeling approach has the potential to be applied for investigating alternative treatment plans.
关键词： graphene nanosheet,modeling,cancer photothermal therapy,interfacial thermal resistance,near infrared radiation
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04