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Inorganic halide perovskite materials and solar cells
摘要： Organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have achieved an inspiring third-party-certificated power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.2%, which is comparable with commercialized silicon (Si) and copper indium gallium selenium solar cells. However, their notorious instability, including their deterioration at elevated temperature, is still a serious issue in commercial applications. This thermal instability can be ascribed to the high volatility and reactivity of organic compounds. As a result, solar cells based on inorganic perovskite materials have drawn tremendous attention, owing to their excellent stability against thermal stress. In the last few years, PSCs based on inorganic perovskite materials have seen an astonishing development. In particular, CsPbI3 and CsPbI2Br PSCs demonstrated outstanding PCEs, exceeding 18% and 16%, respectively. In this review, we systematically discuss the properties of inorganic perovskite materials and the device configuration of inorganic PSCs as well as review the progress in PCE and stability. Encouragingly, all-inorganic PSCs, in which all functional layers are inorganic, provide a feasible approach to overcome the thermal instability issue of traditional organic-inorganic PSCs, leading to new perspectives toward commercial production of PSCs.
关键词： inorganic halide perovskite,solar cells,thermal stability,power conversion efficiency,all-inorganic PSCs
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Zn-Alloyed All-Inorganic Halide Perovskite-Based White Light-Emitting Diodes with Superior Color Quality
摘要： Recently, lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have gained tremendous attention in optoelectronic devices due to their excellent optical properties. However, the toxicity of lead limits their practical applications. Here, the synthesis of Zn2+-alloyed CsZnxPb1-xX3 (up to 15%) NCs is reported to achieve lead-reduced white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs). The incorporation of Zn2+ into CsPbX3 host NCs results in a lattice contraction, without altering the structure and morphology, which has a direct effect on the optical properties. The blue-shifts in the photoluminescence emission and increase in bandgap is observed while retaining high photoluminescence quantum yield. Then by engineering the different compositions of halides for 15% Zn2+-alloyed CsZnxPb1-xX3 NCs, tunable emission (411–636 nm) is obtained. Notably, the WLEDs are experimentally demonstrated employing the lead-reduced NCs (blue, green, yellow, and red). By varying the ratios of the amount of NCs, white lights with a tunable correlated-color temperature (2218–8335 K), an exemplary color-rendering index (up to 93) and high luminous efficacy of radiation (268–318 lm·W?1) are obtained. Best of our knowledge, these are superior to other reported WLEDs based on CsPbX3 NCs doped with transition metal ions. This work places the halide perovskite NCs one-step closer in designing the environmentally benign and energy-efficient WLEDs.
关键词： White Light-emitting Diodes,Zn-Alloyed,Color Quality,All-inorganic Halide perovskite
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Structural Origins of Light-Induced Phase Segregation in Organic-Inorganic Halide Perovskite Photovoltaic Materials
摘要： Light-induced phase segregation in mixed-halide perovskite photovoltaic materials results in the formation of low-band-gap regions that limit the voltage of devices. This work explores the dependence of this light instability on crystal structure and maps it across the cubic-tetragonal solvus in the (CsyFA1?y)Pb(BrxI1?x)3 phase diagram.
关键词： organic-inorganic halide perovskite,cubic-tetragonal solvus,photovoltaic materials,light-induced phase segregation,crystal structure
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Size-controlled Patterning of Single-crystalline Perovskites Arrays toward Tunable High-performance Microlaser
摘要： Single-crystalline halide perovskites with regular morphology are of great significance for laser applications because they can be used to fabricate a natural whispering-gallery-mode resonator. Although enormous efforts have been put to synthesize single-crystalline perovskites, controlling the lateral size and thickness of the crystal, particularly at the nanoscale, is still challenging. Here, we report a facile and high-throughput strategy to selectively one-step create micro/nanoscale size-controlled all-inorganic perovskite single-crystal arrays by surface-tension-confined evaporative assembly. Our method can be used to easily tune the single crystal size and selectively position the single crystal, with versatility in fabricating perovskite single-crystal arrays in wafer scale. When the patterned size increases from 2 to 25 μm, the width of the CsPbClBr2 perovskite microplates increased from 150 nm to 4.2 μm. Fixing the width of the microplates at 1.6 μm, with the increase of the sliding speed from 50 to 250 mm/min, we could significantly control the thicknesses from 270 nm to 430 nm. Additionally, our present study provides a characterization of lasers based on different three-dimensional structures, confirming their width-dependence lasing mode and thickness-dependence lasing threshold characteristic, which is beneficial for the tunability of high-performance microlaser.
关键词： microlaser,surface-tension-confined,single crystal,halide-perovskite,evaporative assembly
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Well-grown low-defect MAPbI3–xClx films for perovskite solar cells with over 20% efficiency fabricated under controlled ambient humidity conditions
摘要： The conventional MAI [(CH3NH3I (MAI)):PbI2:PbCl2= 3 : 0 : 1 [abbreviated as (3:0:1)]] precursor solution is known to result in CH3NH3PbI3–xClx films with large grain sizes when processed in an inert atmosphere, but it gives non-uniform perovskite films containing lots of voids and cracks when processed in ambient air. Furthermore, a dramatically longer annealing time (usually 100 min) is required for these films (3:0:1) due to the slow formation of the MAPbI3 phase via MACl loss, which is not conducive to perovskite film formation under ambient conditions due to perovskite degradation upon long exposure to moisture. Pure MAPbI3 films can be formed very rapidly from (1:1:0) (MAI:PbI2:PbCl2= 1 : 1 : 0) solution within a short annealing time, but they show small grain sizes and poor film quality. This work demonstrated that a fractional substitution of PbI2 with PbCl2 in the ([MAI]:[PbI2]= 1 : 1) precursor solution has a significant influence on film morphology and quality in terms of crystallization rate, grain size, crystallinity, and trap density of the formed perovskite film. Perovskite films can be formed with 5-min annealing at 100 °C from the precursor (MAI: PbI2:PbCl2= 1: 0.8 : 0.2) processed in ambient air (humidity, 20% RH), exhibiting more uniform, increased grain size and higher film quality with reduced trap densities compared to film (1:1:0), thus leading to significantly improved power conversion efficiency (PCE), from 16.7% for perovskite solar cells (PrSCs) based on film (1:1:0) to 20.04% for the cell based on film (1:0.8:0.2). Further, the effects of R (R= [MAI]/[PbI2+PbCl2]) on morphology, hole mobility, carrier lifetime and efficiency of PrSCs were systematically and thoroughly investigated. This study found that MAPbI3–xClx at R=1 can enable the highest hole mobility and longest carrier lifetime, thus giving the best performance at R=1.
关键词： mixed halide perovskite solar cells,lead chloride,grain size,trap density,crystal growth intermediates
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Anti‐Oxidizing Radical Polymer‐Incorporated Perovskite Layers and their Photovoltaic Characteristics
摘要： A small amount of a radical-bearing redox-active polymer, poly(1-oxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl methacrylate) (PTMA), incorporated into the photovoltaic organo-lead halide perovskite layer significantly enhanced durability of both the perovskite layer and its solar cell even exposure to ambient air or oxygen. The radical PTMA polymer acted as an eliminating agent of the superoxide anion radical formed upon light-irradiation on the layer, which can react with the perovskite compound and decompose it to lead halide. A cell fabricated with the PTMA-incorporated perovskite layer and a hole-transporting polytriarylamine layer gave a photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 18.8 % (18.2 % for the control without PTMA). The photovoltaic current was not reduced in the presence of PTMA in the perovskite layer probably owing to a carrier conductivity of PTMA. The incorporated PTMA also worked as a water-repelling coating for the organo-lead halide perovskite layer, providing humidity-resistance to their.
关键词： perovskite solar cell,nitroxide radical,organo-lead halide perovskite,redox polymer,anti-oxidizing agent
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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High-Quality All-Inorganic Perovskite CsPbBr3 Quantum Dots Emitter Prepared by a Simple Purified Method and Applications of Light-Emitting Diodes
摘要： High-quality perovskite CsPbBr3 quantum dots (QDs-CsPbBr3) were prepared using the ultrasonic oscillation method, which is simple and provides variable yield according to requirements. The emission spectra over a large portion of the visible spectral region (450–650 nm) of QD-CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, and I) have tunable compositions that can be halide exchanged using the halide anion exchange technique and quantum size-effects. A strong peak with high intensity of (200) lattice plane of purified QDs-CsPbBr3 film is obtained, confirming the formation of an orthorhombic perovskite crystal structure of the Pnma space group. The photoluminescence of QDs-CsPbBr3 was characterized using a narrow line-width emission of 20 nm, with high quantum yields of up to 99.2%, and radioactive lifetime increasing to 26 ns. Finally, through the excellent advantages of QDs-CsPbBr3 mentioned above, purified perovskite QDs-CsPbBr3 as an active layer was utilized in perovskite quantum dot light-emitting diodes structure applications. As a result, the perovskite QDs-CsPbBr3 light-emitting diodes (LEDs) exhibits a turn-on voltage of 7 V and a maximum luminance of 5.1 cd/m2.
关键词： all-inorganic halide perovskite,perovskite CsPbBr3,quantum dot light-emitting diodes,quantum dots
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Incorporating CsF into the PbI <sub/>2</sub> Film for Stable Mixed Cation‐Halide Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Adding a small amount of CsI into mixed cation-halide perovskite film via a one-step method has been demonstrated as an excellent strategy for high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the one-step method generally relies on an antisolvent washing process, which is hard to control and not suitable for fabricating large-area devices. Here, CsF is employed and Cs is incorporated into perovskite film via a two-step method. It is revealed that CsF can effectively diffuse into the PbI2 seed film, and drastically enhances perovskite crystallization, leading to high-quality Cs-doped perovskite film with a very long photoluminescence carrier lifetime (1413 ns), remarkable light stability, thermal stability, and humidity stability. The fabricated PSCs show power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 21%, and they are highly thermally stable: in the aging test at 60 °C for 300 h, 96% of the original PCE remains. The CsF incorporation process provides a new avenue for stable high-performance PSCs.
关键词： CsF,mixed cation-halide perovskite solar cells,stability,Cs incorporation
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Enhancing acid, base and UV light resistance of halide perovskite CH3NH3PbBr3 quantum dots by encapsulation with ZrO2 sol
摘要： Organic-inorganic methylammonium lead halide CH3NH3PbBr3 (MAPbBr3) perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have great potential in opto-electric devices such as solar cell, laser and light-emitting diode. The greatest challenge for halide perovskite QDs is the poor stability in the environment of air, moisture, acid, base and light illumination. Herein, we introduce a brief, feasible and ef?cient method to improve the stability of MAPbBr3 QDs through encapsulating them in ZrO2 sol framework. This three-dimensional network ZrO2 colloid forms a good coating on the surface of MAPbBr3 QDs. The ZrO2 sol protected MAPbBr3 QDs showed greatly improved acid, base and ultraviolet light illumination resistance. The photoluminescence intensity of MAPbBr3/ZrO2 nanocomposites remained at 95% of the initial value after 4.5 h in base environment and 90% after 10 h in acid environment. The detailed mechanism was discussed.
关键词： Quantum dots,ZrO2,Stability,Halide perovskite
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Optimizing the Interface between Hole Transporting Material and Nanocomposite for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： The performances of organometallic halide perovskite-based solar cells severely depend on the device architecture and the interface between each layer included in the device stack. In particular, the interface between the charge transporting layer and the perovskite film is crucial, since it represents both the substrate where the perovskite polycrystalline film grows, thus directly influencing the active layer morphology, and an important site for electrical charge extraction and/or recombination. Here, we focus on engineering the interface between a perovskite-polymer nanocomposite, recently developed by our group, and different commonly employed polymeric hole transporters, namely PEDOT: PSS [poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)], PEDOT, PTAA [poly(bis 4-phenyl}{2,4,6-trimethylphenyl}amine)], Poly-TPD [Poly(N,N'-bis(4-butylphenyl)-N,N'-bis(phenyl)-benzidine] Poly-TPD, in inverted planar perovskite solar cell architecture. The results show that when Poly-TPD is used as the hole transfer material, perovskite film morphology improved, suggesting an improvement in the interface between Poly-TPD and perovskite active layer. We additionally investigate the effect of the Molecular Weight (MW) of Poly-TPD on the performance of perovskite solar cells. By increasing the MW, the photovoltaic performances of the cells are enhanced, reaching power conversion efficiency as high as 16.3%.
关键词： starch composite,solar cells,organometallic halide perovskite,polymeric hole transporters,interfaces
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04