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Stability of glassy hierarchical networks
摘要： The structure of interactions in most animal and human societies can be best represented by complex hierarchical networks. In order to maintain close-to-optimal function both stability and adaptability are necessary. Here we investigate the stability of hierarchical networks that emerge from the simulations of an organization type with an efficiency function reminiscent of the Hamiltonian of spin glasses. Using this quantitative approach we find a number of expected (from everyday observations) and highly non-trivial results for the obtained locally optimal networks, including, for example: (i) stability increases with growing efficiency and level of hierarchy; (ii) the same perturbation results in a larger change for more efficient states; (iii) networks with a lower level of hierarchy become more efficient after perturbation; (iv) due to the huge number of possible optimal states only a small fraction of them exhibit resilience and, finally, (v) ‘attacks’ targeting the nodes selectively (regarding their position in the hierarchy) can result in paradoxical outcomes.
关键词： spin-glasses,hierarchy,stability,networks
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Darka??dark and brighta??dark solitons for a (2+1)-dimensional variable-coefficient nonlinear Schr??dinger system in a graded-index waveguide
摘要： In this letter, we study a (2 + 1)-dimensional variable-coefficient nonlinear Schr?dinger system, which describes an optical beam inside the two-dimensional graded-index waveguide with polarization effects. Through the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili hierarchy reduction, the N dark–dark soliton and N bright-dark soliton solutions in terms of the Gramian are obtained, where N is a positive integer. We analyze the interaction and propagation of the dark–dark solitons graphically. With the different values of the diffraction coefficient β(t), periodic-, cubic- and parabolic-shaped dark–dark solitons are derived. With the different values of the gain/loss coefficient γ(t), periodic- and arctangent-profile background waves are obtained. Moreover, we discuss the effects from the dimensionless beam width w(t), β(t) and γ(t) on the solitons and background waves: Shapes of the solitons are affected by w(t) and β(t), while profiles of the background waves are affected by w(t) and γ(t).
关键词： (2 + 1)-dimensional variable-coefficient nonlinear Schr?dinger system,bright–dark solitons,graded-index waveguide,dark–dark solitons,Kadomtsev–Petviashvili hierarchy reduction
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Efficiency Measurement and Factor Analysis of Chinaa??s Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation Considering Regional Differences Based on a FAHPa??DEA Model
摘要： Driven by the transformation of the energy structure, China’s photovoltaic (PV) power generation industry has made remarkable achievements in recent years. However, there are more than 30 regions (cities/provinces) in China, and the economic, policy, technological, and the environmental conditions of each region are significantly different, which leads to a huge discrepancy in PV power generation efficiency. To address the imbalance in the development of PV industry, first, this paper employed the integrated fuzzy analytic hierarchy process–data envelopment analysis (FAHP–DEA) model to evaluate the PV power generation efficiency of 30 regions in China. Second, Tobit regression model was used to examine the effects of 9 potential influencing factors. Third, a concrete analysis was conducted, and discussion based on the efficiency rankings and regression results was made. Additionally, the FAHP–DEA model proposed in this study can also be applied to the efficiency evaluation issues of other types of renewable energy.
关键词： photovoltaic,factor analysis,fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP),efficiency measurement,data envelopment analysis (DEA)
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Bright-dark solitons for a coupled nonlinear Schr?dinger system with variable coefficients in an inhomogeneous optical fiber
摘要： Optical fiber communication becomes one of the main pillars of modern communication. In this paper, we study a coupled nonlinear schr¨odinger system with variable coefficients, which can describe the simultaneous propagation of the M-field components in an inhomogeneous optical fiber, where M is a positive integer. When M=2, the N-bright-dark soliton solutions in terms of the Grammian can be obtained via the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili hierarchy reduction, where N is a positive integer. With the asymptotic analysis and graphic analysis, we find that the amplitudes of one-bright-dark solitons and the background in the dark components exhibit the periodic oscillations. Without the amplification/absorption effect, elastic interaction between the two-bright-dark solitons which keep both the amplitudes and the wave backgrounds invariant is demonstrated. Particularly, we find inelastic interaction between the two-bright-dark solitons, which possess the V-shape profiles in the zero background components and the Y-shape profiles in the periodic oscillating background components. The bound-state soliton under that inelastic condition is also shown. Besides, we present the bound-state bright-dark solitons with varying amplitudes. Furthermore, the analysis of the N-bright-dark soliton solutions are extended to those with M>2, and as an example, inelastic interaction of the solitons with the case of M=4 is presented.
关键词： Kadomtsev-Petviashvili hierarchy reduction,bright-dark solitons,Coupled nonlinear Schr¨odinger system with variable coefficients,an inhomogeneous optical fiber
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Recomposing Art and Science (artists-in-labs) || Overlapping Waves and New Knowledge Difference, Diffraction, and the Dialog between Art and Science
摘要： Hierarchy and stereotyping still appear to determine the relationship between art and science today, even if the attitude towards scientific research processes and artistic practice has changed in the meantime, leading to a new assessment of these different epistemic cultures. The images of science as universal, objective, and steadily advancing, on the one hand, and of art as predominantly individual, dominated by subjectivity and intuition, on the other, have lost considerable credibility and become less distinct. The various deconstructions of science in the 1960s and 1970s, stemming from linguistics and postmodern relativism and placing emphasis on historical contingency and the social construction of scientific findings, theories and objects of knowledge, were not the sole cause for this development, but also more recent investigations of scientific practice inspired by anthropology. Constituting knowledge “no longer within the abstract space of conceptual history and the history of ideas”, they present it “within its contingency and local situatedness, within the historic context of its production” (Rheinberger, Wahring-Schmidt, Hagner 1997, p. 8). Furthermore, the capacity of art to generate knowledge and engage competently in research has been increasingly recognized over the course of the last decade, while emphasis has been placed on its rational and intersubjective aspects. Regarding the relationship between art and science, the present discourse on artistic research clearly shows, however, that certain presumptions and hierarchizing comparisons still persist. For example, artistic research is frequently analyzed in a one-sided manner and construed as something that generates implicit, practical, or sensual knowledge — a knowledge that is difficult to verbalize and rather shown or felt, a knowledge that, although credited with cognitive and rational qualities, nevertheless must be distinguished from a theoretical-discursive knowledge (insight through terms). We must cast a critical view on these generalizing and polarizing descriptions.1 Based on sensible and conceptual differences, they go hand in hand with the reflexive reference to a concept of scientific research with which artistic research contends and from which it feels compelled to distinguish itself. This operation frequently entails the concern that scientific research practices could ultimately take the upper hand and deprive artistic research of its specific artistic-aesthetic qualities.
关键词： stereotyping,interdisciplinary,hierarchy,science,knowledge generation,art,epistemic cultures
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Bilinear Forms and Dark-Dark Solitons for the Coupled Cubic-Quintic Nonlinear Schr?dinger Equations with Variable Coefficients in a Twin-Core Optical Fiber or Non-Kerr Medium
摘要： Twin-core optical ?bers are applied in such ?elds as the optical sensing and optical communication, and propagation of the pulses, Gauss beams and laser beams in the non-Kerr media is reported. Studied in this paper are the coupled cubic-quintic nonlinear Schr¨odinger equations with variable coe?cients, which describe the e?ects of quintic nonlinearity for the ultrashort optical pulse propagation in a twin-core optical ?ber or non-Kerr medium. Based on the integrable conditions, bilinear forms are derived, and dark-dark soliton solutions can be constructed in terms of the Gramian via the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili hierarchy reduction. Propagation and interaction of the dark-dark solitons are presented and discussed through the graphic analysis. With di?erent values of the delayed nonlinear response e?ect b(z), where z represents direction of the propagation, the linear- and parabolic-shaped one dark-dark soltions can be derived. Interactions between the parabolic- and periodic-shaped two dark-dark solitons are presented with b(z) as the linear and periodic functions, respectively. Directions of velocities of the two dark-dark solitons vary with z and the amplitudes of the solitons remain unchanged can be observed. Interactions between the two dark-dark solitons of di?erent types are displayed, and we observe that the velocity of one soliton is zero and direction of the velocity of the other soliton vary with z. We ?nd that those interactions are elastic.
关键词： Kadomtsev-Petviashvili hierarchy reduction,coupled cubic-quintic nonlinear Schr¨odinger equations,optical ?ber,dark-dark solitons
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE 2017 IEEE 44th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Washington, DC (2017.6.25-2017.6.30)] 2017 IEEE 44th Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC) - Study of spatial distribution of electrical, optical and structural properties of magnetron sputtered AZO thin films
摘要： China is now the world's largest producer and consumer of nickel. As an important strategic metal, nickel is widely used in various industries of national economy. Whether the supply of nickel ore resources is sufficient or not directly restricts the development of downstream industries. It is becoming more and more important to evaluate the safety of nickel resources in our country, and to formulate the corresponding safety strategy. This paper uses fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to evaluate the safety of nickel resources in China, and overcomes the subjectivity and singleness of traditional evaluation methods. On the basis of the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is introduced. At present, the safety situation of nickel resources in our country is in a more dangerous level, and we need to take positive measures to improve it.
关键词： analytic hierarchy process,nickel resources,fuzzy comprehensive evaluation,safety evaluation
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Business Risk-based Redundancy Points Identification in Synchronous Digital Hierarchy Optical Networks
摘要： Locating redundancy points in a Synchronous Digital Hierarchy optical network is a challenging task for service managers. Here, we present a model capable of locating suitable points for the application of asset redundancy to reduce disruptions to the operation of the network, based on the risk to the business. The model was implemented by means of an algorithm called Asset Redundancy Location Indicator (ASP), which performs fault analysis based on the dependence between the elements of the network and the risk of failure. The output of the model allows network administrators to make better decisions when defining critical network redundancy points. A case study was carried out using the ARPA2 reference network. The paper also reports on the case study results.
关键词： Risk Management,Synchronous Digital Hierarchy Optical Networks,Redundancy in optical networks,Service Management
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[ACM Press the 33rd Annual ACM/IEEE Symposium - Oxford, United Kingdom (2018.07.09-2018.07.12)] Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM/IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science - LICS '18 - Logical paradoxes in quantum computation
摘要： The precise features of quantum theory enabling quantum computational power are unclear. Contextuality—the denial of a notion of classical physical reality—has emerged as a promising hypothesis: e.g. Howard et al. showed that the magic states needed to practically achieve quantum computation are contextual. Strong contextuality, as defined by Abramsky-Brandenburger, is an extremal form of contextuality describing systems that exhibit logically paradoxical behaviour. After introducing number-theoretic techniques for constructing exotic quantum paradoxes, we present large families of strongly contextual magic states that are computationally optimal in the sense that they enable universal quantum computation via deterministic injection of gates of the Clifford hierarchy. We thereby bolster a refinement of the resource theory of contextuality that emphasises the computational power of logical paradoxes.
关键词： Clifford hierarchy,quantum computation,magic states,contextuality,logical paradoxes
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Optimal Site Selection for Sittinga Solar Park using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis and Geographical Information Systems (GIS)
摘要： Among the renewable powers sources, solar is rapidly becoming popular being inexhaustible, clean, and dependable. It is also becoming more efficient since the photovoltaic solar cells’ power conversion efficiency is rising. Following these trends, solar power will become more affordable in years to come and considerable investments are to be expected. Despite the size of solar plants, the sitting procedure is a crucial factor for their efficiency and financial viability. Many aspects rule such decision; legal, environmental, technical, and financial to name some. This paper describes a general integrated framework to evaluate land suitability for the optimal placement of photovoltaic solar power plants, which is based on a combination of a Geographic Information System (GIS), remote sensing techniques and multi-criteria decision making methods. An application of the proposed framework for Limassol District in Cyprus is further illustrated. The combination of GIS and multi-criteria methods, consist an excellent analysis tool that creates an extensive database of spatial and non spatial data that will be used to simplify problems, to solve and promote the use of multiple criteria. A set of environmental, economic, social and technical constrains based on recent Cypriot legislation, European’s Union policies and experts’ advices, identifies the potential sites for solar park installation. The pair-wise comparison method in the context of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is applied to estimate the criteria weights in order to establish their relative importance in site evaluation. In addition, four different methods to combine information layers and check their sensitivity were used. The first considered all the criteria as being equally important and assign them equal weight, while the others grouped the criteria and graded them according to their objective perceived importance. The overall suitability of the study region for sitting solar park is appraised through the summation rule. Strict application of the framework depicts 3.0% of the study region scoring best suitability index for solar resource exploitation, hence minimizing risk of a potential investment. However, using different weighting schemes for criteria, suitable areas may reach up to 83% of the study region. The suggested methodological framework applied can be easily utilized by potential investors and renewable energy developers, through a front end web based application with proper GUI for personalized weighting schemes.
关键词： Site Evaluation,Renewable Energy Sitting,Remote Sensing,Solar Radiation,Decision Analysis,Analytic Hierarchy Process,GIS Modeling
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46