- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
-
Iron Oxide and Iron Sulfide Films Prepared for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
摘要： In this paper, the prospects of iron oxide ?lms and their sul?dation for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) are reviewed. Iron oxide thin ?lms were prepared by hollow cathode plasma jet (HCPJ) sputtering, with an admixture of oxygen in the argon working gas and with an iron nozzle as the sputtering target. The discharge was powered by a constant current source in continuous mode and by a constant voltage source in pulsed mode. Plasma composition was measured by an energy-resolved mass spectrometer. Moreover, secondary electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), absorption and Raman spectra of the ?lms are presented. Strong correlation between the color of the iron oxide ?lm and its phase composition was revealed. Iron oxide ?lms were sul?ded at 350 °C. A relatively clean pyrite phase was obtained from the magnetite, while the marcasite with admixture of the pyrite phase was obtained from the hematite. Low in?uence of sul?dation on the ?lms’ microstructure was demonstrated.
关键词： iron oxide,absorption spectroscopy,hollow cathode plasma jet,dye-sensitized solar cell,iron sul?de
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
-
Comparison of plasma properties in normal and multiple holes hollow cathode RF PECVD and their utility in a-SiNx:H thin film deposition
摘要： Conventional and multiple-hole hollow cathode (MHHC) showerhead electrodes of an RF capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) source were experimentally studied to investigate their capability of plasma generation and suitability of plasma application like PECVD. The plasma characteristics of the CCPs were critically examined for the PECVD plasmas produced by various showerhead configurations. The optimum performance in terms of high-density plasma generation and high emission intensity of excited species was observed for the operation using MHHC discharge. The MHHC discharge is characterized by an anode glow and a strong low-frequency fluctuation in the range of ~ a few kHz that is measured by the Langmuir probe (LP). The LP measurements in a broad pressure range revealed the scenario of hollow cathode discharge characterized by the enhanced electron temperature and the highest plasma density around 120 mTorr. It is realized that the bulk plasma intrusion inside the hole of the electrodes of the showerhead and the enhanced ionization in the plasma sheath regions of each hole facilitated the generation of high-density plasmas when the hole diameter is slightly bigger than twice or thrice the sheath length. The effectiveness of MHHC PECVD for high rate and low-temperature deposition of a-SiNx:H thin films is realized.
关键词： Hollow cathode discharge,Plasma instability,Silicon nitride film,RF Plasma source
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
-
Effects of a cathode output aperture on the hollow cathode glow discharge
摘要： Glow discharge with a cylindrical hollow cathode mounted on a process vacuum chamber has been studied in a wide range of gas pressures from 0.01 to 10 Pa. The chamber serves as the discharge anode. A diaphragm is fastened on the cathode end to protect the discharge plasma inside the chamber from contamination with the sputtered cathode material. The discharge characteristics depend on area So of the diaphragm ori?ce. A double layer appears at the ori?ce when So < S* ≈ (2 m/M)1/2S, where m is the electron mass, M is the ion mass, and S is the cathode surface area. Electrons accelerated in the double layer effectively ionize the gas and can produce, inside the chamber, a plasma with the same density as inside the cathode. At the gas pressure less than ～0.3 Pa, the low-voltage double layer can be replaced with a high-voltage accelerating gap between the plasma inside the cathode and the plasma produced inside the chamber by a beam-plasma discharge.
关键词： double layer,hollow cathode,glow discharge,gas pressure,plasma
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
-
Experimental investigations of enhanced glow based on a pulsed hollow-cathode discharge
摘要： In this work, the pulsed hollow cathode discharges at low pressure argon with an axial magnetic ?eld were studied. The results indicate that the pulsed discharge is operated in an enhanced glow (EG) mode. Under the same conditions, the discharge current of the pulsed discharge is two or three orders higher than that of the direct current discharge. The spatial and temporal evolution of the light emission shows that, the current ?uctuation at the rising edge of the pulse plays an important role for the EG discharge of pulsed hollow cathode, which forms a high-density, high-current and long-distance plasma column outside the cavity.
关键词： abnormal glow,hollow cathode discharge,current ?uctuation,enhanced glow
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14