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[IEEE 2018 IEEE International Conference on Imaging Systems and Techniques (IST) - Krakow (2018.10.16-2018.10.18)] 2018 IEEE International Conference on Imaging Systems and Techniques (IST) - The analysis of the movement of the genetically modified human skin fibroblasts in culture
摘要： The aim of this study is the comparison of the movement of various types of human dermal fibroblasts with and without genetic modification. Three groups of fibroblasts were cultured and monitored: (1) control group of fibroblasts isolated from human skin (not transduced); (2) transduced with lentivirus bearing EGFP fluorescent marker; (3) transduced with lentivirus bearing DsRed2 fluorescent marker. The experimental sequences of images documenting cells’ movement have been analyzed using image processing methods. The cells’ movement was described by: (1) distance between each two consecutive images/frames, (2) distance and displacement covered by each fibroblast in 30 minutes (3) length of cell crawling cycle, (4) the movement tortuosity coefficient for all fibroblasts in each group. Also shape features such as: area, perimeter, eccentricity, length of the major axis have been analyzed. It appears that the general movement behavior is not changed by the process of transduction but some of its aspects are modified. The efficiency of movement in the sense of distance covered and region penetration is decreased because of cells’ morphology. Transduced cells are less polarized and develop extra podia during their crawling.
关键词： EGFP modified cell,DsRed2 modified cell,genetically modified cell,image analysis,quantitative analysis of cells’ movement,quantitative analysis of shape,human skin fibroblast
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Evaluation of a Ultraviolet B Light Emitting Diode (LED) for Producing Vitamin D <sub/>3</sub> in Human Skin
摘要： Aim: A commercially available light emitting diode (LED) that transmitted narrow band ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation was evaluated for its efficacy and efficiency to produce vitamin D3 in human skin. Materials and Methods: Human skin samples were obtained from surgical procedures. The LED had peak emission wavelength of 295 nm. Skin samples were exposed to the UVB-LED for varying times and then were analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) to determine the vitamin D3 content. Results: There was a statistically significant time- and dose- dependent increase in the percent of 7-dehydrocholesterol that was converted to vitamin D3 in the skin type II samples; 1.3%±0.5, 2.3%±0.6 and 4.5%±1.67 after exposure to 0.75 (11.7 mJ/cm2), 1.5 (23.4 mJ/cm2) and 3 (46.8 mJ/cm2) minimal erythemal doses (MEDs), respectively. Conclusion: The UVB-LED was effective and efficient in generating vitamin D3 in human skin, in vitro. The amount of vitamin D3 production increased in a dose-dependent fashion with increased UVB energy. UVB-LEDs can be developed for devices that can efficiently produce vitamin D3 in human skin.
关键词： vitamin D3,human skin,ultraviolet B radiation,Previtamin D3,ultraviolet radiation light emitting diode (LED)
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 7th Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE) - Nara, Japan (2018.10.9-2018.10.12)] 2018 IEEE 7th Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE) - Human Skin Segmentation Using Fully Convolutional Neural Networks
摘要： In recent years, skin segmentation has attracted much of attention from computer vision field. Normally, researchers use a simple pre-trained model or define a fixed threshold in color space to deal with skin segmentation. However, it is highly possible to failure in many conditions. In addition, convolutional neural network (CNN) has achieved great success in computer vision. This paper we present a fully convolutional neural network method in skin segmentation. A hand-crafted skin dataset has provided in this study. In the experiment, we attempt many CNN structures to determine the best one. According to the experimental result, we obtained a considerable result in three well-known skin datasets.
关键词： deep learning,skin segmentation,Convolutional neural network,human skin dataset
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Plasmonic Microneedle Arrays for in situ Sensing with Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS)
摘要： Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a sensitive, chemically specific, and short-time response probing method with significant potential in biomedical sensing. This paper reports the integration of SERS with microneedle arrays as a minimally invasive platform for chemical sensing, with a particular view towards sensing in interstitial fluid (ISF). Microneedle arrays were fabricated from a commercial polymeric adhesive and coated with plasmonically active gold nanorods that were functionalized with the pH-sensitive molecule 4-mercaptobenzoic acid. This sensor can quantitate pH over a range of 5 to 9 and can detect pH levels in an agar gel skin phantom and in human skin in situ. The sensor array is stable and mechanically robust in that it exhibits no loss in SERS activity after multiple punches through an agar gel skin phantom and human skin or after a month-long incubation in phosphate-buffered saline. This work is the first to integrate SERS-active nanoparticles with polymeric microneedle arrays and to demonstrate in situ sensing with this platform.
关键词： SERS,agar gel skin phantom,pH in situ sensing,human skin,Plasmonic microneedle arrays
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Evaluation of penetration process into young and elderly skin using confocal Raman spectroscopy
摘要： Non-invasive in vivo human studies have always been of great importance owing to their advantages over the invasive studies. This research work also presents such a non-invasive study dealing with the penetration of two vitamin derivatives: retinyl acetate and alpha-tocopheryl acetate, into the stratum corneum of two groups of study participants categorized based on age as young (average age of 24.1 ± 3.3 years old) and elderly groups (average age of 68 ± 5.8 years old). According to the increase of age it is expected that intrinsic alterations may occur in the stratum corneum. Understanding these alterations is relevant to the knowledge of the differences between stratum corneum as a function of age-dependence thus, leading to the development of new specific products for ageing. The penetration of these derivatives was semi-quantitatively analyzed using confocal Raman spectroscopic technique with 3510 Skin Composition Analyzer (River Diagnostics, Rotterdam, The Netherlands) with a diode laser of 785 nm wavelength and 26 mW power. The analysis was done in the extended fingerprint region (1800 - 400 cm-1) for the stratum corneum region of the skin considering the depths from surface up to 24 μm. The results of this study clearly indicated that these two vitamin derivatives penetrated significantly into the stratum corneum of both study groups and their penetration was mainly affected by the composition of SC and their physico-chemical properties. The penetration profile of the alpha-tocopheryl acetate displays significant statistical difference (p < 0.05) between groups from surface up to 12 μm.
关键词： Non-invasive in vivo human skin study,Skin ageing,Vitamin penetration,Confocal Raman spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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ELECTROMAGNETIC SIGNATURES OF HUMAN SKIN IN THE MILLIMETER WAVE BAND 80-100 GHZ
摘要： Due to changes in global security requirements attention is turning to new means by which anomalies on the human body might be identi?ed. For security screening systems operating in the millimeter wave band anomalies can be identi?ed by measuring the emissivities of subjects. As the interaction of millimeter waves with the human body is only a fraction of a millimeter into the skin and clothing has a small, but known e?ect, precise measurement of the emission and re?ection of this radiation will allow comparisons with the norm for that region of the body and person category. A technique to measure the human skin emissivity in vivo over the frequency band 80 GHz to 100 GHz is developed and described. The mean emissivity values of the skin of a sample of 60 healthy participants (36 males and 24 females) measured using a 90 GHz calibrated radiometer were found to range from 0.17±0.005 to 0.68±0.005. The lower values of emissivity are a result of measuring particularly thin skin on the inner wrist, volar side of the forearm, and back of hand, whereas higher values of emissivity are results of measuring thick skin on the outer wrist, dorsal surface of the forearm, and palm of hand. The mean di?erences in the emissivity between Asian and European male participants were calculated to be in the range of 0.04 to 0.11 over all measurement locations. Experimental measurements of the emissivity for male and female participants having normal and high body mass index indicate that the mean di?erences in the emissivity are in the range of 0.05 to 0.15 for all measurement locations. These results show the quantitative variations in the skin emissivity between locations, gender, and individuals. The mean di?erences in the emissivity values between dry and wet skin on the palm of hand and back of hand regions were found to be 0.143 and 0.066 respectively. These results con?rm that radiometry can, as a non-contact method, identify surfaces attached to the human skin in tens of seconds. These results indicate a route to machine anomaly detection that may increase the through-put speed, the detection probabilities and reduce the false alarm rates in security screening portals.
关键词： radiometry,security screening,emissivity,human skin,millimeter wave
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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[IEEE 2018 43rd International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz 2018) - Nagoya (2018.9.9-2018.9.14)] 2018 43rd International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) - Experimental Characterization of Artificial Human Skin with Melanomas for Accurate Modelling and Detection in Healthcare Application
摘要： A preliminary investigation is carried out on the artificial human skin tissues with and without metastatic melanomas using Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy (THz-TDS). Both the refractive indexes and absorption coefficients of artificial skin with melanomas are higher than the normal artificial skin samples over the entire frequency range between 0.2 THz to 1.6 THz. The reason is that tumour cells degrade the in contraction of fibroblasts causing more water content malignant tissues. This study quantifies the impact of melanomas on the optical parameters of artificial skin tissue and can help in techniques that will diagnose and prevent tumours at the early stage.
关键词： artificial human skin,absorption coefficient,Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy,refractive index,melanomas
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14