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- 2019
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- infrared image
- target detection
- lucas–kanade method (LK)
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- target detection
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- Image processing
- Infrared camera
- Eye movement
- Optoelectronic Information Science and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
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- Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics Chinese Academy of Science
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Space Star Technology Co. LTD
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Effectiveness evaluation of infrared camouflage using image saliency
摘要： This paper reports on an alternative approach to the effectiveness evaluation of IR camouflage using image saliency. The master saliency and interior saliency of a target were computed according to its background-related features and internal shape features, respectively. The fusion of master saliency and interior saliency were further used to obtain a comprehensive saliency value, by which the camouflage effectiveness value of a target was finally obtained. Under the same experimental conditions, the target with camouflage matching well with the background had the highest camouflage effectiveness value, while the target without camouflage had the lowest camouflage effectiveness value, indicating that such a value can well reflect the camouflage effectiveness of different targets in a certain background. Acting as a quantitative index, the camouflage effectiveness value makes it possible for us to directly differentiate the camouflage effectiveness of not only different targets under the same conditions but also one target under different conditions, which should be useful for the development of IR camouflage materials and the deployment of military equipment in battlefield.
关键词： Infrared camouflage,Image saliency,Camouflage effectiveness,Features fusion
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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The Effect of Textiles Impregnated with Particles of High Emissivity in the Far Infrared, on the Temperature of the Cold Hand
摘要： In engineering and medicine, there is a growing interest in using textiles made of composites with enhanced thermal properties. One such type of textile is fabric impregnated with ceramics and mineral particles. This material has high emissivity in the infrared range and may have therapeutic benefits for treatments of diseases, like Raynaud’s syndrome. While there is significant clinical and commercial interest, there is an evident lack of fundamental studies on the heat transfer aspects of these fabrics. The goal of this technical brief is to presents results from a fundamental study examining the thermal effects of fabric with ceramics and minerals (produced by Nanobionic Inc.) on the temperatures of the hands. With a confidence level of 90%, the results show that the textile with ceramics and minerals has an enhanced thermal effect on warming a cold hand in comparison to a placebo fabric without ceramics or minerals. Much more research is needed to increase the level of confidence and develop an understanding of the thermodynamic mechanism.
关键词： ceramics impregnated textile,infrared emissivity,bioheat transfer
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Infrared spectroscopy of ion tracks in amorphous SiO2 and comparison to gamma irradiation induced changes
摘要： Ion track formation in amorphous SiO2was investigated using infrared spectroscopy. For comparison, one set of samples was also irradiated using 1.25 MeV gamma rays. An increase of 1044 cm-1 peak and decrease of 1078 cm-1 peak was observed in all cases. Experimental results were analysed using an analytical thermal spike model and non-standard model parameters were found. This finding is attributed to the amorphous structure of the material.
关键词： gamma rays,ion track,amorphous SiO2,infrared spectroscopy,thermal spike,swift heavy ion
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Measuring the plasma-wall charge by infrared spectroscopy
摘要： We show that the charge accumulated by a dielectric plasma-facing solid can be measured by infrared spectroscopy. The approach utilizes a stack of materials supporting a surface plasmon resonance in the infrared. For frequencies near the Berreman resonance of the layer facing the plasma the re?ectivity dip —measured from the back of the stack, not in contact with the plasma— depends strongly on the angle of incidence making it an ideal sensor for the changes of the layer’s dielectric function due to the polarizability of the trapped surplus charges. The charge-induced shifts of the dip, both as a function of the angle and the frequency of the incident infrared light, are large enough to be measurable by attenuated total re?ection setups.
关键词： Berreman resonance,surface plasmon resonance,plasma-wall charge,attenuated total re?ection,infrared spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Visible-Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Prediction of Soil Characteristics as Affected by Soil-Water Content
摘要： Soil physical characteristics are important drivers for soil functions and productivity. Field applications of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) are already deployed for in situ mapping of soil characteristics and therefore, fast and precise in situ measurements of the basic soil physical characteristics are needed at any given water content. Visible-near-infrared spectroscopy (vis–NIRS) is a fast, low-cost technology for determination of basic soil properties. However, the predictive ability of vis–NIRS may be affected by soil-water content. This study was conducted to quantify the effects of six different soil-water contents (full saturation, pF 1, pF 1.5, pF 2.5, pF 3, and air-dry) on the vis–NIRS predictions of six soil physical properties: clay, silt, sand, water content at pF 3, organic carbon (OC), and the clay/OC ratio. The effect of soil-water content on the vis–NIR spectra was also assessed. Seventy soil samples were collected from five sites in Denmark and Germany with clay and OC contents ranging from 0.116 to 0.459 and 0.009 to 0.024 kg kg-1, respectively. The soil rings were saturated and successively drained/dried to obtain different soil–water potentials at which they were measured with vis–NIRS. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) with leave-one-out cross-validation was used for estimating the soil properties using vis–NIR spectra. Results showed that the effects of water on vis–NIR spectra were dependent on the soil–water retention characteristics. Contents of clay, silt, and sand, and the water content at pF 3 were well predicted at the different soil moisture levels. Predictions of OC and the clay/OC ratio were good at air-dry soil condition, but markedly weaker in wet soils, especially at saturation, at pF 1 and pF 1.5. The results suggest that in situ measurements of spectroscopy are precise when soil-water content is below field capacity.
关键词： Visible-Near-Infrared Spectroscopy,Soil Physical Properties,Soil Characteristics,Soil-Water Content,Partial Least Squares Regression
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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New Candidate Multicomponent Chalcogenide Glasses for Supercontinuum Generation
摘要： Broadband supercontinuum (SC) generation requires host material attributes defined by both optical and physical properties and the material’s manufacturability. We review and define the trade-offs in these attributes as applied to fiber or planar film applications based on homogeneous glass property data, and provide a series of examples of how one might optimize such attributes through material compositional and morphology design. As an example, we highlight the role of varying composition, microstructure, and linear/nonlinear optical properties, such as transmittance, refractive index, and the multiphoton absorption coefficient, for a series of novel multicomponent chalcogenide glasses within a model GeSe2-As2Se3-PbSe (GAP-Se) system. We report key optical property variation as a function of composition and form, and discuss how such glasses, suitable for both fiber and planar film processing, could lend themselves as candidates for use in SC generation. We demonstrate the impact of starting glass composition and morphology and illustrate how tailoring composition and form (bulk versus film) leads to significant variation in linear, nonlinear, and dispersive optical property behavior within this system that enables design options that are attractive to optimization of desirable SC performance, based on optical composites.
关键词： photonics,infrared optical materials,chalcogenide glass science,supercontinuum generation,nonlinear optics
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Zebrafish larvae show negative phototaxis to near-infrared light
摘要： Zebrafish larvae (Danio rerio) are among the most used model species to test biological effects of different substances in biomedical research, neuroscience and ecotoxicology. Most tests are based on changes in swimming activity of zebrafish larvae by using commercially available high-throughput screening systems. These systems record and analyse behaviour patterns using visible (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR) light sources, to simulate day (VIS) and night (NIR) phases, which allow continuous recording of the behaviour using a NIR sensitive camera. So far, however, the sensitivity of zebrafish larvae to NIR has never been tested experimentally, although being a critical piece of information for interpreting their behaviour under experimental conditions. Here, we investigated the swimming activity of 96 hpf (hours post fertilization) and 120 hpf zebrafish larvae under light sources of NIR at 860 nm and at 960 nm wavelength and under VIS light. A thermal source was simultaneously presented opposite to one of the light sources as control. We found that zebrafish larvae of both larval stages showed a clear negative phototactic response towards 860 nm NIR light and to VIS light, but not to 960 nm NIR light. Our results demonstrated that zebrafish larvae are able to perceive NIR at 860 nm, which is almost identical to the most commonly used light source in commercial screening systems (NIR at 850 nm) to create a dark environment. These tests, however, are not performed in the dark from the zebrafish′s point of view. We recommend testing sensitivity of the used test organism before assuming no interaction with the applied light source of commonly used biosensor test systems. Previous studies on biological effects of substances to zebrafish larvae should be interpreted with caution.
关键词： Zebrafish larvae,near-infrared light,high-throughput screening systems,negative phototaxis,behavioral response
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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AIP Conference Proceedings [Author(s) GREEN DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE: ADVANCED AND EMERGING APPLICATIONS: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Green Design and Manufacture 2018 - Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam (29–30 April 2018)] - Quantification of acidity and total soluble solids in guavas by near infrared hyperspectral imaging
摘要： In order to provide premium quality for marketing of guavas the titratable acidity (TA) and total soluble solids (TSS) levels should be determined. A reflectance near infrared hyperspectral imaging (NIR-HSI) unit in the wavelength range of 936-1696 nm, which is a nondestructive technique, was tested for use in predicting TA and TSS. Samples of 100 guavas were scanned by NIR-HIS as a group for calibration (N=67) and as a group for prediction (N=33). The average spectra from the region of interest ( ROI) of samples were used to establish the calibration models for TA and TSS by using partial least squares regression ( PLSR) to establish calibration models. The calibration model for TA gave a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.972 and the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.010% and for TSS the R2 was 0.801 and the RMSEP was 0.437oBx. The accuracies of these results indicate that NIR-HSI has potential for use in measuring TA and TSS of guavas.
关键词： calibration,prediction,model,nondestructive,near infrared
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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[IEEE 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) - Honolulu, HI, USA (2018.7.18-2018.7.21)] 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) - Cancellation Method of Signal Fluctuations in Brain Function Measurements Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
摘要： To estimate brain activity, it is important to improve the accuracy of brain function measurements by using near-infrared spectroscopy. The detection of signals is vital for correcting any disturbances or changes in the skin blood volume. We developed a cancellation method for brain probes placed on the scalp in the configuration of an equilateral triangle. In this configuration, 12 types of target signals were detected between the vertices, and 6 types of correction signals were detected between the vertices and the center of the triangle. We measured the changes in the blood volume resulting from the specific postural changes of the subject and applied the correction method using three calculation methods. The measured results showed that the correction signals were effective in reducing the disturbances. The correction was based on the cross-correlation coefficient and the amplitude ratio of signals.
关键词： near-infrared spectroscopy,cancellation method,brain function measurements,equilateral triangle configuration,cross-correlation coefficient,amplitude ratio
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Modeling Light Propagation through the Tissues of the Head Taking Account of Scattering Anisotropy to Optimize the Positioning of Irradiation Detectors and Sources in a Brain–Computer Interface Based on Near Infrared Spectroscopy
摘要： We describe here use of the Monte Carlo modeling method to specify the parameters of near infrared light propagation though the tissues of the head, which is needed for optimizing the operation of brain–computer interfaces. The studies used a four-layer spherical model of the head consisting of skin, bone, gray matter, and white matter. The relationship between the parameters of the radiation recorded and the distance between the source and detector were obtained.
关键词： foci of hemodynamic activity,near infrared spectrometry,brain–computer interface,Monte Carlo modeling
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46