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- 2018
- Inorganic perovskite quantum dots
- Stability
- Light-emitting diodes
- Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices
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Photo-controlled RAFT polymerization mediated by organic/inorganic hybrid photoredox catalysts: enhanced catalytic efficiency
摘要： Photo-controlled RAFT polymerization mediated by organic/inorganic hybrid photoredox catalysts: enhanced catalytic efficiency. Metalloporphyrins (MTPPs) play an important role in the conversion of light energy to initiate photo-induced electron transfer–reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization, in which zinc tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP) has attracted a high degree of attention. However, the self-aggregation effect of porphyrins in some organic solvents such as dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) leads to quenching of the excited state of the MTPPs and reduces their photocatalytic capacity in a concentration-dependent manner. In this study, a ZnTPP–POSS organic/inorganic complex was fabricated by linking a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) to ZnTPP. The aggregation of the photocatalyst was efficiently depressed in a PET-RAFT polymerization which was catalyzed by ZnTPP–POSS under green light (λmax = 515 nm, 3 mW cm?2). Compared to ZnTPP, the reactions using ZnTPP–POSS as the photocatalyst were well controlled for different monomers with accelerated reaction rates. Well-defined block copolymers were successfully achieved by the chain-extension reaction which demonstrates the high-end fidelities of this polymerization approach.
关键词： Photo-controlled RAFT polymerization,PET-RAFT polymerization,organic/inorganic hybrid photoredox catalysts,block copolymers,ZnTPP–POSS
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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In-situ pulsed laser induced growth of CdS nanoparticles on ZnO nanorods surfaces
摘要： Herein we present a process for the in-situ growth of CdS nanoparticles using a pulsed laser irradiation. A Nd-YAG laser was applied to ZnO nanorods previously submerged in an aqueous precursor solution containing cadmium chloride and thiourea. For optimum values of the laser fluence, around 40 mJ/cm2 it was possible to fabricate a highly homogeneous film of CdS nanoparticles covering the ZnO nanorods surface. Cathodoluminescence measurements of the ZnO/CdS structure show the quenching of the ZnO yellow and green luminescence, indicating the ZnO surface defects passivation by CdS nanostructures. Although lasers have been already used for inducing growth in solution, this work presents new evidence of in-situ growth on the surface of nanostructured materials. The laser based technique presented is simple, easy to implement, scalable and it could be applied in the fabrication of nanostructured solar cells and other devices.
关键词： A. Inorganic compounds,D. Defects,A. Nanostructures,B. Chemical synthesis,C. Electron microscopy
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Simulated development and optimized performance of CsPbI3 based all-inorganic perovskite solar cells
摘要： Cesium lead iodide (CsPbI3), as one promising inorganic halide perovskite for higher stability, has received extensive attention in recent years. However, CsPbI3 based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have yet to realize the high e?ciency achieved in organic-inorganic hybrid PSCs. In this work, we perform a device modeling by SCAPS-1D to investigate the limitation of CsPbI3 all-inorganic PSC (CsPbI3 i-PSCs) and improve its performance. For i-PSC, not only the absorber but all the layers should be composed of inorganic materials only. Therefore, several potential inorganic hole and electron transport layers (i-HTL and i-ETL) are compared ?rstly and the results reveal that Cu2O HTL and SnO2 ETL are the most suitable materials among them. Moreover, the device performance is further improved by optimizing the work function of back electrode, absorber thickness, doping density as well as defect density. Under optimized conditions, a conversion e?ciency of 21.31% is obtained for the FTO/SnO2/CsPbI3/Cu2O/Au i-PSC, indicating that there is much room for further performance enhancement.
关键词： CsPbI3,Device modeling,All-inorganic perovskite solar cell
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Inorganic Functionalization of CdSe <sub/><i>x</i> </sub> S <sub/> 1a?? <i>x</i> </sub> /ZnS Corea??Shell Quantum Dots and Their Photoelectric Properties
摘要： In this paper, different CdSexS1-x quantum dots (QDs) with stearic acid as ligands were synthesized, and then the outer ZnS shell was coated with oleylamine (OLA) as ligands using a single molecular source method. The surface ligand exchange of CdSe0.6S0.4 and CdSe0.6S0.4/ZnS quantum dots was carried out with ammonium zinc chloride ((NH4)2ZnCl4) inorganic ligands. The morphology, crystal form, and group of QDs were examined using a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Under the condition of simulated sunlight irradiation, the photoelectrochemical properties were tested with an electrochemical workstation. The results showed that the distance between QDs decreased after ligand exchange. The photocurrent density of CdSe0.6S0.4/ZnS QDs films after ligand exchange can reach 7.23 mA?cm-2, which is 11 times that of the photocurrent density before ligand exchange. The reason may be that ZnCl42- has strong ligand electron donor capacity, which increases the probability of non-radiative transition.
关键词： Inorganic functionalization,(NH4)2ZnCl4,CdSexS1-x/ZnS quantum dots
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Tin-lead Alloying for Efficient and Stable All-inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Cesium containing all-inorganic perovskites have received considerable interest in photovoltaics research because of their potential for improved stability compared to their organic-inorganic hybrid counterparts. However, the inorganic perovskites studied thus far still suffer from lower power conversion efficiency and long-term instability, due to an unfavorable bandgap and either phase instability or air-sensitivity. Herein, A strategy to mitigate these concerns is investigated by alloying tin and lead on the B site to form tin-lead alloyed low-bandgap (~1.34 eV) inorganic CsSn0.3Pb0.7I3 perovskites. Solar cells made using this material in an inverted full-structured architecture with a PEDOT:PSS hole transport materials (HTM) attain power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 9.41% (stabilized PCE 7.23%). Furthermore, a simple HTM-free device without PEDOT:PSS layer is demonstrated more stable than the full-structured device and exhibits a PCE of 7.60% (stabilized PCE 7.31%) – the highest efficiency to date for an inorganic perovskite with a bandgap below 1.40 eV. This simplified device structure shows good reproducibility and stability. This work provides a possible route for fabricating low-cost, high stability devices with competitive efficiencies.
关键词： tin-lead alloying,solar cells,all-inorganic perovskite,low-bandgap,stability
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Gradient Formation and Charge Carrier Dynamics of CuBiI4 based Perovskite-like Solar Cells
摘要： Designing lead-free inorganic perovskite or perovskite-like structure materials and researching the corresponding photoinduced charge carrier dynamics are always promising due to both the environment and power conversion efficiency considerations. In this work, we intelligently employ bilayer metal Bi/Cu thin film with different atomic ratios as precursor to in-situ fabricate CuBiI4 perovskite-like film with controlled Bi gradient at room temperature. This structure can significantly affect the photoinduced charge carrier dynamic of the resulting products. Next, a series of transient surface photovoltage (TSPV) measurements have been carried out to investigate the photoinduced charge carrier dynamics of such CuBiI4 and CuBiI4: organic hybrid thin films. It reveals that the gradually decreased Bi content from ITO to CuBiI4 can help the photoinduced charge carrier transportation. Finally, a champion PCE of 1.10% has been obtained from an ITO/ CuBiI4: polythieno[3,4-b]-thiophene-co-benzodithiophene (PTB7)/ Au solar cell device. In particular, we find an exact negative correlation of the defined parameter L (the defined value for evaluating the photoinduced charge carrier dynamic in TSPV measurements) with the corresponding PCE of various devices for the first time, which may pave a new way for evaluating the potential photoelectric and photovoltaic performances of new materials without assembly of solar cell devices.
关键词： CuBiI4,solar cell,photoinduced charge carrier dynamics,lead-free inorganic perovskite,transient surface photovoltage
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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CoCl2 as film morphology controller for efficient planar CsPbIBr2 perovskite solar cells
摘要： High quality perovskite (PVK) film is quite important to reduce the energy loss (Eloss) and enhance the performance of planar CsPbIBr2 PVK solar cells (PSCs). In this work, 5% PbBr2 is substituted by CoCl2 in inorganic CsPbIBr2 PVK, acting as film morphology controller to slow down the crystallization process. It results in a dense and flat pinhole-free CsI(PbBr2)0.95(CoCl2)0.05 PVK film. Therefore, the trap state density is greatly reduced, which lead to reduce non-radiative recombination of carriers and Eloss, therefore, the open-circuit voltage (Voc) of the device is increased from 1.14V of control sample to 1.25V. The optimal photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) is enhanced to 10.43% relative to 6.93% of CsPbIBr2 PSCs. More importantly, the air stability of CsI(PbBr2)0.95(CoCl2)0.05 PSCs is greatly enhanced, which still maintain above 90% in the air of 25(cid:1) and RH=20% for 25 days without encapsulation. This work highlights the great effect of CoCl2 as a morphology controller on improving CsPbIBr2 film quality and device performance.
关键词： energy loss,inorganic perovskite solar cell,crystalline growth,charge transport,film quality
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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In situ observation of ?′ phase suppression by lattice strain in all-inorganic perovskite solar cells
摘要： The phase control and ordered crystal growth play a crucial role in the efficiency and stability of all-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the innate dynamics of crystal growth driving the stable phase and high performance are unknown. Here, we for the first time unraveled that the degree of lattice strain is responsible for the suppression of the δ phase growth by in situ Grazing-Incidence Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering (GIWAXS) technique. We shadow the internal crystal structural changes in real time and successfully decoupled crystal growth dynamics under different substrate temperatures. The symmetrical crystal lattice and vertical substrate growth were finally achieved. This finding provides insights on the inorganic perovskite crystal growth and has significant benefit for high performing all-inorganic PSCs.
关键词： GIWAXS,CsPbI2Br,Inorganic halide perovskite,Lattice strain
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Surface Ligands Management for Efficient CsPbBrI <sub/>2</sub> Perovskite Nanocrystal Solar Cells
摘要： CsPbX3 (X= Cl, Br, I) inorganic perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) not only maintain the excellent optical and electronic properties of bulk material but also possess the features of nano-materials, such as tunable bandgap, easily processable colloidal ink, enable them to be suitable for incorporation into various electronic devices and compatible with printing techniques. In contrast to the traditional II-VI and III-V semiconductor nanocrystals, the unique defect-tolerance effect makes the CsPbX3 PNCs very promising materials for optoelectronic applications. The ligands around the NCs play a critical role on the optoelectronic devices performance. Here, through a facile hexane/ethyl acetate (MeOAc) solvent treatment method to control the ligand amount around the CsPbBrI2 PNCs, we systematically demonstrated the impact of ligand amount on the performance of solar cell devices and first quantify the ligand amount precisely by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) internal standard method. Through controlling the ligand amount, the film quality, charge transfer and transport properties are largely improved. In addition, a simple annealing process is applied to improve the interface properties by partial crystal fusion. As a consequence, the photovoltaic power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.2% is achieved by employing a n-i-p device structure, which is the highest performance of mixed-halide CsPbX3 NCs solar cells. This work emphasizes the important role of ligand amount on the NCs device performance.
关键词： ligand amount control,CsPbBrI2,solar cell,inorganic perovskite,nanocrystals
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Multivariate analysis and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS): a new approach for the spatially resolved classification of modern art materials
摘要： The ever-increasing speed of exchange of ideas, information, and culture allows contemporary art to be in constant growth, especially concerning the choice of artistic materials. Their characterization is not only crucial for the study of artistic techniques but also for research into the stability of the material and, consequently, the best preservation practices. For this aim, an analytical method should have the advantages of not requiring sample preparation, performing superficial micro-analysis, and obtaining detailed spectral information. For this study, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was employed. It was used for the identification of modern paints composed of inorganic pigments and organic binders, such as acrylics, alkyds, and styrene-acrylics. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to classify the different pure materials, above all, the polymeric binders. To distinguish the paint mixtures, whose LIBS spectral results were more complex due to the pigment/binder interaction, a statistical method recently employed in the cultural heritage field was chosen, namely, random decision forest (RDF). This methodology allows a reduction of the variance of the data, testing of different training data sets by cross-validation, an increase of the predictive power. Furthermore, for the first time, the distribution of different inorganic pigments and organic binder materials in an unknown sample was mapped and correctly classified using the developed RDF. This study represents the first approach for the classification of modern and contemporary materials using LIBS combined with two different multivariate analyses. Subsequent optimization of measurement parameters and data processing will be considered in order to extend its employment to other artistic materials and conservation treatments.
关键词： Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy,Inorganic pigments,Random decision forest,Organic binders,Principal component analysis
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57