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[IEEE 2019 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC) - Auckland, New Zealand (2019.5.20-2019.5.23)] 2019 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC) - Waveguide Joint Design and Validation for use in Acoustic Vector-corrected Network Analysers
摘要： Cameras embedded in consumer devices have previously been used as physiological information sensors. The waveform of the photoplethysmographic image (PPGi) signals may be significantly affected by the light spectra and intensity. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the performance of PPGi waveform acquisition in the red, green, and blue channels using a commercial camera in different light conditions. The system, developed for this paper, comprises of a commercial camera and light sources with varied spectra and intensities. Signals were acquired from the fingertips of 12 healthy subjects. Extensive experiments, using different wavelength lights and white light with variation light intensities, respectively, reported in this paper, showed that almost all light spectra can acquire acceptable pulse rates, but only 470-, 490-, 505-, 590-, 600-, 610-, 625-, and 660-nm wavelength lights showed better performance in PPGi waveform compared with gold standard. With lower light intensity, the light spectra >600 nm still showed better performance. The change in pulse amplitude (ac) and dc amplitude was also investigated with the different light intensity and light spectra. With increasing light intensity, the dc amplitude increased, whereas ac component showed an initial increase followed by a decrease. Most of the subjects achieved their maximum averaging ac output when averaging dc output was in the range from 180 to 220 pixel values (8 b, 255 maximum pixel value). The results suggested that an adaptive solution could be developed to optimize the design of PPGi-based physiological signal acquisition devices in different light conditions.
关键词： low-cost camera,light spectrum,light intensity,Photoplethysmographic image
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2019 4th International Conference on Information Technology, Information Systems and Electrical Engineering (ICITISEE) - Yogyakarta, Indonesia (2019.11.20-2019.11.21)] 2019 4th International Conference on Information Technology, Information Systems and Electrical Engineering (ICITISEE) - The Mapping of Lighting Intensity from the Light Distribution on LED and CFL Lamps
摘要： Electricity is an essential need for humans, specifically for the lighting function. Lighting is needed to aid humans visually perceive objects in areas that require lighting, both at night and during the day. At this day, there are two type of lamps that are extensively employed, paticularly the type of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) and Compact Fluorescent Lamp (CFL). The adoption of lights in an area takes a lot of energy, so it is particularly crucial to choose the appropriate type of lamp that is adequate to perform effectively and efficiently. To determine the light distribution of the two types of lights, it is crucial to investigate the distribution of light. The investigation was carried out by the direct measurement technique on 6 and 8 watt LED lamps, as well as on CFL lamps 11 and 14 watt using luxmeter in an area projecting 3x4 meters. The analysis range is varied in several horizontal and vertical points. From the assessment results it was noticed that the LED and CFL lamps the value of the light intensity reduces if the horizontal and vertical distance of the measurement point are far from the lamp. The ends of the light distribution mapping discovered that the light distribution on the LED lights is better indeed and brighter at each point. This is because all the electrons recombine with holes. Whereas in the CFL lamp there has been a filament heating and ionization between the electrons with argon gas and mercury vapor which generates another energy which is relatively large heat energy.
关键词： CFL,Light Distribution,Lighting Intensity,Mapping,LED
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 25th International Symposium for Design and Technology in Electronic Packaging (SIITME) - Cluj-Napoca, Romania (2019.10.23-2019.10.26)] 2019 IEEE 25th International Symposium for Design and Technology in Electronic Packaging (SIITME) - Analysis of positioning errors for LED
摘要： Conventional practice for transformer dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is to use concentrations of several fault gases, with or without total dissolved combustible gas, for evaluating apparent fault severity. We suggest a simpler approach based on the normalized energy intensity (NEI), a quantity related directly to fault energy dissipated within the transformer. DGA fault severity scoring based on NEI is shown to be sensitive to all IEC fault types and to be more responsive to shifts in the relative concentrations of the fault gases than scoring based on fault gas concentrations. Instead of eight or more gas concentration limits, NEI scoring requires only two or three limits that can be empirically derived to suit local requirements for any population of mineral-oil-filled power transformers.
关键词： fault energy,fault severity,Dissolved gas analysis (DGA),normalized energy intensity (NEI),transformer,enthalpy
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 8th International Conference on Advanced Optoelectronics and Lasers (CAOL) - Sozopol, Bulgaria (2019.9.6-2019.9.8)] 2019 IEEE 8th International Conference on Advanced Optoelectronics and Lasers (CAOL) - Method of Controlling the Micro-and Nanoscale Displacements Based on Optical Correlation
摘要： The formation of a complex ?eld in an optical correlator consisting of a set of phase gratings separated by layers of space is investigated. We found conditions when the redistribution of intensities in the output diffraction orders in such a correlator is very sensitive to a small transverse shift of the input interference pattern of light. Registration of changes in the angular spectrum can be used as an effective sensor to monitor small displacements, including the nanoscale range.
关键词： phase gratings,angular spectrum,optical correlator,sensor of small displacements,intensity control in diffraction orders
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 5th International Conference for Convergence in Technology (I2CT) - Bombay, India (2019.3.29-2019.3.31)] 2019 IEEE 5th International Conference for Convergence in Technology (I2CT) - Development of Embedded System for Monitoring of Life Test Setup of LED Lamp
摘要： Indian standard (IS 16102-2: 2017), specifies the life test and performance test methods and conditions, to categorize the self-ballasted LED lamps. This test process is being done with manual intervention with camera observation and digital timer. This paper proposes, the digital automation of entire life test setup process using embedded system. The entire test process is monitored and results are displayed in LCD. This gives accurate run time and life of LED lamp during the test. The information of lamp failure and completion of test is sent through mail to concerned person.
关键词： luminous flux intensity,Indian standard (IS 16102-2: 2017),LED,automation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Recombination Behaviour of Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell (PERC) Bifacial Silicon Solar Module under Different Illuminations
摘要： Bifacial silicon solar module has received considerable attention in recent years due to increasing the performance of photovoltaic plants. The passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) bifacial silicon solar cell reduces contact improves open-circuit voltage and cell recombination, and performance. In this paper, recombination behaviour of passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) bifacial silicon solar module under different illuminations was investigated. It is found that the J01 of bifacial PERC solar module decreases with increasing irradiance intensity, and the J02 is nearly constant from low injection to high injection. This shows that the PERC bifacial silicon solar module has more advantage in the field compared to Al-BSF solar module.
关键词： PERC,bifacial,irradiance intensity,recombination behaviour
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Influence of intensity ratio of the two driving laser fields on the cutoff of the high-order harmonics
摘要： We investigate the high-order harmonic generation (HHG) of the helium atom at the various intensity ratios of the counter-rotating two-color circularly polarized laser fields. The results show that the cutoff energy of the harmonic spectra can be affected by changing the intensity ratios. By comparing the results from different intensity ratios, we find that the distances the electrons travel are short when the intensity ratio is increased. The dependence of the cutoff position in the HHG on the intensity ratios usually results from the classical trajectories of the electrons. As the intensity ratio increases, the electrons cannot be accelerated and it will gain less energy. As a result, the harmonic spectra are cut off at the lower energy. We compare the quantum and classical trajectories results to illustrate the reasons of the cut off dependence.
关键词： intensity ratios,cutoff energy,high-order harmonic generation,two-colour circularly polarized laser fields
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Significant improvement on electrical properties of BaSi <sub/>2</sub> due to atomic H passivation by radio-frequency plasma
摘要： We demonstrate for the ?rst time an intensity-modulated direct-detection link using four states of polarization. The four data-independent tributaries are each assigned distinct states of polarization to enable the receiver to separate the signals. Polarization rotation due to propagation over optical ?ber is tracked and compensated with simple digital signal processing in Stokes space. Transmission below the forward error correction limit is shown for maximum net bitrates of 100 Gb/s (4 × 27 GBd) and 120 Gb/s (4 × 32 GBd) over 2-km standard single-mode ?ber at a center wavelength of 1550 nm.
关键词： direct detection (DD),intensity modulation (IM),digital signal processing,Stokes space,100G,polarization
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Laser-wavelength and intensity dependence of electron-nuclear energy sharing in dissociative ionization of
摘要： We experimentally and theoretically study the photoelectron-nuclear energy sharing mechanism of the correlated dynamics between the photoelectrons and the fragmented ions in the dissociative ionization of H2 with respect to the laser intensity at the wavelengths λ = 395 nm and λ = 790 nm. We show that the prominent photoelectron-nuclear energy sharing along the back-diagonal lines is only observed for 395 nm at lower intensities, which is absent for increased intensities at 395 nm and for 790 nm lasers over a wide range of intensities. Based on a quantum mechanical model that includes the correlation between the photoelectron and the parent ion, we show that bond hardening has a significant effect on the photoelectron-nuclear energy sharing. The resonant states of the neutral hydrogen molecule during strong-field ionization and the distribution of vibrational states of molecular ions determine the joint energy spectrum of photoelectrons and nuclei. The study provides an intuitive and comprehensive description and understanding of the correlated photoelectron-nuclear dynamics in the dissociative ionization.
关键词： dissociative ionization,photoelectron-nuclear energy sharing,wavelength dependence,laser intensity,H2
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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High-Performance Photovoltaic Hydrogen Sensing Platform with a Light-Intensity Calibration Module
摘要： Although battery-free gas sensors (e.g., photovoltaic, or triboelectric sensors) have been recently appeared to resolve the power consumption issue of conventional chemiresistors, severe technical barriers remain. Especially, their signals varying with ambient conditions such as light intensity confines the utilization of the sensors. Insufficient sensing performances (low response and slow sensing rate) of the previous battery-free sensors are also an obstacle for practical use. Herein, a photovoltaic hydrogen (H2) sensing platform having constant sensing responses regardless of light condition is demonstrated. The platform consists of two photovoltaic units: (1) a palladium (Pd)-decorated n-IGZO/p-Si photodiode covered with a microporous zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) film and (2) the same device configuration without the Pd catalyst as a reference to calibrate the base current of the sensor (1). The platform after calibration yields accurate response values in real-time regardless of unknown irradiance. Besides, the sensing performances (e.g., sensing response of 1.57 × 104% at 1% H2 with a response time < 15 s) of our platform is comparable with those of the conventional resistive H2 sensors, which are unprecedented results in photovoltaic H2 sensors.
关键词： zeolitic imidazolate framework,hydrogen sensor,battery-free gas sensor,light-intensity calibration module,photovoltaic gas sensor
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01