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High-Energy-Density Physics and Laser Technologies
摘要： This paper is devoted to the jubilee of I.M. Khalatnikov, the founder and the first director of the Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences. I.M. Khalatnikov organized a first-class institute the studies at which cover a broad spectrum of research directions. The plasma and lasers department of the Institute conducts research on plasma physics problems, laser–matter interaction, questions pertaining to laser applications, and hydrodynamics problems. Much attention is given to solid-state physics with an emphasis on the behavior of matter in extreme conditions under intense laser irradiation. A number of new results are presented: the behavior of metals in two-temperature states (when the temperature of the electron subsystem of a metal is much greater than the temperature of the ion subsystem due to ultrafast laser heating); determining the boundaries of existence of a single-wave propagation mode of elastoplastic shock waves in ductile metal crystals; the formation of a laser torch from target materials and liquids under metal laser ablation of a metal into the surrounding liquid; the physical–mechanical consequences (melting, capillarity, recrystallization) of nonuniform (along the irradiated surface) energy dissipation caused by the interference of plasmon–polariton and laser electromagnetic fields.
关键词： laser–matter interaction,plasma physics,laser ablation,hydrodynamics,two-temperature states,plasmon–polariton,solid-state physics,high-energy-density physics,laser technologies,elastoplastic shock waves
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Invited Review Article: Photofragment imaging
摘要： Photodissociation studies in molecular beams that employ position-sensitive particle detection to map product recoil velocities emerged thirty years ago and continue to evolve with new laser and detector technologies. These powerful methods allow application of tunable laser detection of single product quantum states, simultaneous measurement of velocity and angular momentum polarization, measurement of joint product state distributions for the detected and undetected products, coincident detection of multiple product channels, and application to radicals and ions as well as closed-shell molecules. These studies have permitted deep investigation of photochemical dynamics for a broad range of systems, revealed new reaction mechanisms, and addressed problems of practical importance in atmospheric, combustion, and interstellar chemistry. This review presents an historical overview, a detailed technical account of the range of methods employed, and selected experimental highlights illustrating the capabilities of the method.
关键词： Photofragment imaging,Detector technologies,Molecular beams,Laser technologies,Photochemical dynamics,Photodissociation
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36