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Near-infrared polymer light-emitting diodes based on an inverted device structure
摘要： Near-infrared polymer light-emitting diodes (NIR-PLEDs) possess great potential in applications ranging from night-vision device to optical communications. Here we obtained NIR emission from normal red fluorescent polymers by using an inverted device structure with the aid of micro-cavity effects. By tuning the thickness of the emissive layer, the inverted NIR-PLED based on PPF-FSO15-DHTBT10 and MEH-PPV got a near-infrared emission with the main peak located at 700 nm and 706 nm, and the maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 0.54% and 1.03%, respectively. The increase of emissive layer thickness caused the relative variation of recombination area, which led to the widely controlling of EL spectra in the inverted device. These results reveal that tuning EL spectrum utilized by inverted device structure would be a promising method to realize near-infrared emission.
关键词： emissive layer thickness,micro-cavity effects,inverted device structure,Near-infrared polymer light-emitting diodes,external quantum efficiency
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Effects of Cataract Extraction on the Outcomes of Automated Perimetry and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Measurements by Optical Coherence Tomography in Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma
摘要： Objective: To evaluate the effect of cataract extraction on both visual field and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measurements in primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) eyes. Methods: Retrospective cohort study on 30 PACG eyes underwent cataract extraction. Changes in RNFL thickness and visual field parameters including mean deviation (MD), visual field index (VFI) and pattern standard deviation (PSD) were analyzed within 6 months before and after cataract extraction. Results: Overall, MD (p=0.003) and VFI (p=0.004) improved significantly after cataract extraction, whereas PSD showed no significant change (p=0.6). In the 10 eyes with MD worse than -20 dB, mean MD improved by 3.4 ± 3.56 dB (from -24.36 ± 3.06 dB to -20.96 ± 5.06 dB, p=0.01) and mean VFI improved by 16.25 ± 15.66% (from 23.38 ± 9.65% to 39.63 ± 20.83%, p=0.02). PSD showed no significant change after cataract extraction (p=0.07). In the 20 eyes with MD better than -20 dB, MD and VFI also improved postoperatively, but the changes did not reach statistical significance: mean MD improved by 1.64 ± 3.65 dB (from -11.57 ± 5.57 dB to -9.92 ± 5.36 dB, p=0.05) whilst mean VFI improved by 4.57 ± 12.29% (from 74.95 ± 17.95% to 79.52 ± 17.26%, p=0.07). RNFL thickness did not show any significant changes after cataract extraction (p=0.13). Conclusions: Both MD and VFI improved after cataract extraction, especially in eyes with pre-operative MD worse than -20 dB. PSD and RNFL thickness showed no significant change after cataract extraction.
关键词： Perimetry,Visual field,Extraction,Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness,Optical coherence tomography,Primary angle closure glaucoma,Cataract
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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The Repeatability of Retinal Layer Thickness Measurements with Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Normal Eyes
摘要： Purpose: To evaluate the repeatability of retinal layer thickness measurements in normal eyes imaged using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Methods: Sixty-eight eyes of 34 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Imaging was performed 4 times using 9 × 9 mm macular scans with SD-OCT (RS 3000 Advance HD OCT, NIDEK, Gamagori, Japan) at the same visit by an experienced examiner. After automatic retinal segmentation (layering) in 5 layers, the thickness of each layer was calculated. Macular thickness of 9 Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS)–like regions was obtained. Repeatability for each of the 9 subfield areas was calculated by their repeatability coefficients and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Results: There was no significant difference in average retinal thickness and each retinal layer thickness between all measurements acquired by the experienced examiner. The ICCs of retinal layer thickness ranged from 0.826 to 0.847 for the ganglion cell layer + inner plexiform layer, inner nuclear layer + outer plexiform layer and outer nuclear layer + external limiting membrane in the fovea. The ICCs were greater than 0.909 for the other intra-retinal layers in all 9 ETDRS subfield thickness between all measurement pairs. Conclusions: Excellent repeatability was observed for SD-OCT retinal segmented layer thickness measurements in healthy subjects.
关键词： Repeatability,Spectral domain optical coherence tomography,Retinal layer thickness,Automated segmentation,Intraclass correlation coefficients
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Macular Inner Retinal Layer Thickness in Relation to Photopic and Mesopic Contrast Sensitivity in Healthy Young and Older Subjects
摘要： PURPOSE. To examine relationships between the thicknesses of ganglion cell (GC)-related macular layers and central photopic or mesopic contrast sensitivity (CS) in healthy eyes. METHODS. Measurements were made in 38 young and 38 older healthy individuals. Total, inner, layer (IRL) thicknesses were measured in the macula region through and outer retinal spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) across three sub?elds, or rings, centered at the fovea: central foveal, pericentral, and peripheral. Ganglion cell complex and circumpapillary retinal nerve ?ber layer thicknesses were also measured. Low-spatial-frequency CS for gratings presented at the central 108 visual ?eld were measured through computerized psychophysical tests under photopic and mesopic conditions. Relationships were examined by uni- and multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS. Peripheral IRL thickness emerged as the only independent predictor of photopic CS (P ? 0.001) in the young group and of photopic (P ? 0.026) and mesopic CS (P ? 0.001) in the older group. The slopes of regression lines used to predict CS from peripheral IRL thickness were signi?cantly different for pair-wise comparisons of both photopic CS and age group (P ? 0.0001) and mesopic CS (P ? 0.0001) and age group. These models explained 37% of the variability in photopic CS and 36% of the variability in mesopic CS. CONCLUSIONS. Macular IRL thinning likely due to GC loss was related to reduced photopic and mesopic CS in older healthy eyes. In contrast, in the young eyes, a thicker macular IRL, possibly indicating transient gliosis, was associated with reduced CS.
关键词： contrast sensitivity,optical coherence tomography,retinal ganglion cells,macular inner retinal layer thickness,mesopic vision,glial cells
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Evaluation of Each Retinal Layer Thickness According to Preoperative OCT Patterns after Idiopathic ERM Removal
摘要： ??: ??? ???????? ? ? ????????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ????, ?????? ????? ????? ???. ??? ??: ??? ?????? ??? ?? 6?? ?? ????? ???? ?? 63? 63?? ???? ????? ?????. ? ? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ???, ???, ????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ????, ?????? ????? ??? ???. ??: ? ? ??? ???, ???, ??? ????, ?????? ??? ????? ???. ???? ?? ? ? ? ??????+????, ????, ?????? ???, ???, ??? ??? ??? ????? ???, ? ? ??????+????? ?????? ???, ???, ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???. ? ? ??? ???? ??? ? ? ???? ???, ????? ????? ? ? ??????+????? ?????, ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????. ??: ??? ???????? ????????? ???? ??? ?? ? ? ???? ??? ??? ???. ?? ???? ??? ?? ? ? ??? ???? ?? ? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ? ???.
关键词： Epiretinal membrane,Retinal layer thickness,Optical coherence tomography
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Effects of Surface Termination and Layer Thickness on Electronic Structures of LaNiO <sub/>3</sub> Thin Films
摘要： We investigate the e?ects of surface termination and layer thickness on the electronic structures of LaNiO3 thin ?lms on SrTiO3 substrate using ?rst-principles density-functional theory calculations. The NiO2-terminated ?lm with one unit cell thickness shows a pseudogap at the Fermi level owing to the negative charge transfer energy, whereas the 1.5-unit-cell-thick LaO-terminated ?lm exhibits an insulating gap of 1.0 eV as a result of the large exchange splitting. The metallic state is quickly restored for thicker ?lms with either NiO2 or LaO termination, resembling that in bulk nickelate. Our results indicate the strong dependence of the electronic properties on layer thickness and provide insightful information into the metal–insulator transition in LaNiO3 thin ?lms.
关键词： surface termination,electronic structures,layer thickness,LaNiO3 thin films,metal–insulator transition
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Correlation between optic nerve head structural parameters and glaucomatous visual field indices
摘要： We examined associations between optic nerve head structural parameters and glaucomatous visual field indices. The study population included patients with glaucomatous optic neuropathy who were evaluated at Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan, from October 2010 to January 2011. A total of 57 eyes from 33 patients were assessed. We measured visual field using a Humphrey field analyzer, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL-T), and Bruch’s membrane opening-minimum rim width (BMO-MRW) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography, and rim area with referring three-dimensional photography. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients were calculated between the threshold of visual sensitivity or total deviation of visual field and the following five optic nerve head structural parameters: RNFL-T length, BMO-MRW length, rim area, and calculated RNFL-T and BMO-MRW volumes (each length multiplied by rim area). The Akaike information criterion was calculated to determine which structural parameter was the best predictor of each visual field index. Threshold of visual sensitivity had correlation coefficients of 0.23 with global sector of RNFL-T, 0.32 with BMO-MRW, 0.14 with rim area, 0.21 with RNFL-T volume, and 0.26 with BMO-MRW volume. The correlation coefficients for each parameter with total deviation of visual field were 0.22, 0.33, 0.28, 0.36, and 0.37, respectively. The Akaike information criterion of BMO-MRW showed the smallest values in analyses of both threshold of visual sensitivity and total deviation. The present results show that RNFL-T volume and BMO-MRW volume were more strongly correlated with total deviation than BMO-MRW, but BMO-MRW appeared to be the best predictor of the two glaucomatous visual field indices.
关键词： retinal nerve fiber layer thickness,rim area,visual field,glaucoma,spectral domain optical coherence tomography,Bruch’s membrane opening-minimum rim width
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Characterization of the thickness of the tear film lipid layer using high resolution microscopy
摘要： Interferometry is an optical technique that have been used to quantify the lipid layer of the precorneal tear film, and to investigate the relationship between lipid layer thickness and tear film evaporation. However, the relationship between lipid layer thickness and the rate of evaporation is far from consistent. One possible reason is the inherent limit of contemporary interferometric systems, which employ objectives with relatively long depth of focus (DOF) (>15 μm or more), which tend to collect excessive extra-planar noise. This limitation may negatively affect the accuracy of the characterization and thickness measurement of the lipid layer. The current system incorporated an objective with limited DOF (~1.5 μm) into a custom-built optical microscope to image the tear film lipid layer in humans. An algorithm was also developed to process these images. One major outcome of this system is that thick lipid layers exhibit higher variation in thickness values than thin or normal-thickness lipid layers. The variations may reflect the structural differences of the lipid layer, which may offer a novel dimension to explain the missing correlation between lipid layer thickness and evaporation. In summary, the development of the high resolution microscopy system and associated data processing algorithm may provide new insights into the lipid layer structure, topography and their relation to the tear film evaporation rate.
关键词： tear film,dry eye,interferometry,lipid layer thickness
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Influence of uveitis on Bruch’s membrane opening minimum rim width and retinal nerve fibre layer thickness measurements
摘要： background/aims To assess the impact of papillary leakage and active inflammation on optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (RNFLT) and Bruch’s membrane opening minimum rim width (BMO-MRW) measurements in uveitic eyes with and without secondary glaucoma. Methods Prospective, single-centre analysis of patients with uveitis. All patients included received a fluorescein angiography examination and an OCT scan measuring the BMO-MRW and the RNFLT in three concentric peripapillary ring scans. results Overall, 95 eyes of 56 patients were enrolled. Papillary leakage and active inflammation were present in 39 (41%) and 57 (60%) eyes, respectively. Twenty-one eyes were classified as glaucomatous; 10 of those glaucomatous eyes showed papillary leakage. Both BMO-MRW and RNFLT measurements were significantly increased in eyes with papillary leakage (BMO-MRW: p=0.0001; RNFL: first to third ring (p<0.0001)). Active inflammation led to a significantly thickened RNFLT (first ring: p=0.0026; second ring: p=0.0009; third ring: p=0.0002) while only a trend towards increased values could be observed in the BMO-MRW measurements (p=0.3063). Glaucomatous eyes with papillary leakage demonstrated significantly higher values on both BMO-MRW and RNFLT measurements than glaucomatous eyes without leakage (BMO-MRW: p=0.0159; RNFL: first ring: p=0.0062; second ring: p=0.0037; third ring: p=0.0197). No significant difference could be observed between glaucomatous eyes with leakage and non-glaucomatous eyes without leakage (BMO-MRW: p=0.4132; RNFL: first ring: p=0.5412; second ring: p=0.3208; third ring: p=0.1164). Conclusions The OCT scanning parameters BMO-MRW and RNFLT were significantly influenced by papillary leakage in uveitic eyes with and without glaucoma. RNFLT values were also significantly increased while active inflammation was present. In patients with uveitis, these OCT-based imaging tools should be interpreted with caution, especially in those with papillary leakage or active inflammation.
关键词： uveitis,optical coherence tomography,retinal nerve fibre layer thickness,Bruch’s membrane opening minimum rim width,glaucoma
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Evaluation of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in Alzheimer disease usingspectral-domain optical coherence tomography
摘要： To evaluate the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) and to compare the results with those of healthy controls. Forty patients (mean age: 75.02 ± 6.34 years; 23 women) with untreated AD and 40 age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy patients were examined in this case-control prospective study. All patients underwent detailed ophthalmic and neurological examination. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) was performed and RNFL thickness was measured using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. The association between RNFL and MMSE score was also assessed. The average RNFL thickness was 84 ± 7.0 μm in AD patients and 107 ± 6.3 μm in healthy subjects (P < 0.001). The mean MMSE score was 21.9 ± 2.13 in AD patients. There was no significant correlation between the RNFL thickness and MMSE score. Patients with AD had reduced RNFL thickness in all quadrants compared with the control group. This finding suggests that RNFL thickness analysis may be useful in the early diagnosis of AD.
关键词： optical coherence tomography,retinal nerve fiber layer thickness,Alzheimer disease
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14