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Synthesis of visible light responsive iodine-doped mesoporous TiO2 by using biological renewable lignin as template for degradation of toxic organic pollutants
摘要： The visible light responsive I-doped mesoporous TiO2 (I/TiO2-T) catalysts were synthesized by facile hydrolysis method with lignin as a template. The resulting I/TiO2-T catalysts synthesized from different amounts of I as a dopant and lignin as a template were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-Vis diffuse spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), photoluminescence (PL), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The photocatalytic activities of the resulting catalysts were investigated by the degradation of p-chlorophenol under artificial visible light irradiation. The results showed that the lignin-templated TiO2 with a suitable amount of I-doping (I/TiO2-T) had higher catalytic activity than the catalyst prepared form I-doped TiO2 without lignin template (I/TiO2). Complete degradation of p-chlorophenol was achieved by I/TiO2-T with suitable amount of I-doping at 60 min. However, 95.7, 10.7, and 5.5% of the p-chlorophenol was degraded with I/TiO2, TiO2-T, and P25 catalysts, respectively, under 140 min visible light irradiation. The enhanced catalytic activities of the samples with template and I-doping may be due to the small grain size and high specific surface area of the catalysts. The band gap and the electrical properties of TiO2 also could be adjusted with I-doping. The I-doped TiO2 with the extrinsic I5+-to-Ti4+ and the iodine-to-oxygen donor defects could be excited by visible irradiation for efficient pollutants degradation. A possible photocatalytic mechanism for the degradation of the pollutants with I/TiO2-T under visible light irradiation was also proposed.
关键词： Mesoporous TiO2,Visible light,I-doped,Lignin template
更新于2025-11-14 17:03:37
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Comparing the Efficiency of N-Doped TiO2 and N-Doped Bi2MoO6 Photo Catalysts for MB and Lignin Photodegradation
摘要： In this study, we tested the efficiency of nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (N-TiO2) and nitrogen-doped bismuth molybdate (N-Bi2MoO6) compounds as photocatalysts capable of degrading methylene blue and lignin molecules under irradiation with ultraviolet (UV) and visible light (VIS). Moreover, we compared TiO2 and Bi2MoO6 catalysts with N-TiO2 and N-Bi2MoO6 compounds using chemical coprecipitation. The catalysts were prepared starting from Ti(OCH2CH2CH3)4, Bi(NO3)3·5H2O, and (NH4)6Mo7O24 reagents. N-doping was achieved in a continuous reflux system, using ethylene diamine as a nitrogen source. The resulting materials were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Additionally, we observed the decrease in particle size after processing the compounds in the reflux system. The results regarding photocatalytic degradation tests show a remarkable effect for nitrogen doped samples, achieving 90% of lignin degradation.
关键词： photocatalysis,lignin,visible light,UV light,bismuth molybdate,Titanium dioxide
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Cross-linked lignin coatings produced by UV light and SF6 plasma treatments
摘要： Lignin is one of the most abundant macromolecules in vascular plants and has been studied for many years due to its high availability and low cost, regarding that lignin is the main by-product of the paper pulping process, and also typically burned as fuel. Despite that, lignin has only a few industrial applications. In this study, we found a simple method for preparing well-defined lignin surfaces. Lignin was extracted from sugar cane bagasse by Soda pulping and its coatings were prepared using solutions with different solvents on various substrates (silicon wafers, paper, steel and glass) by spin-coating. Two methods were tested in order to promote cross-linking on the surface of lignin coatings: SF6 plasma treatment and ultra-violet radiation. Both treatments reduced the amount of hydroxyl groups on the surface leading to more stable, cross-linked coatings as observed by FTIR and thermal analysis. Ultra-violet light radiation turned lignin coatings hydrophilic while stable super-hydrophobic lignin coatings were obtained using SF6 plasma.
关键词： Cross-linking,Surface modification,Coatings,Plasma,Superhydrophobicity,Lignin
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Lignosulfonate: a Convenient FRET Platform for the Construction of Ratiometric Fluorescence pH-Sensing Probe
摘要： Lignin is a kind of natural fluorescent polymer material. However, the application based on the fluorescent property of lignin was rarely reported. Herein, a non-covalent lignin-based Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) system was readily constructed by physical blending method with spirolactam Rhodamine B (SRhB) and lignosulfonate (LS) as the acceptor and donor groups, respectively. The FRET behavior, self-assembly and energy transfer mechanism of SRhB/LS composite were systematically studied. It was demonstrated that LS could be used as a convenient aptamer as energy donor to construct water-soluble ratiometric sensors because of its inherent property of intra-micelle energy transfer cascades. Our results not only presented a facile and general strategy for producing lignin-based functional material, but also provided a fundamental understanding about lignin fluorescent to promote the functional and high-valued applications of lignin fluorescence characteristic.
关键词： lignin,ratiometric sensor,FRET,intra-micelle energy transfer cascade
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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High-Performance Lignin-based Water-Soluble Macromolecular Photoinitiator for the Fabrication of Hybrid Hydrogel
摘要： Developing low-migration macromolecular photoinitiators (macro PIs) is significant to achieve the sufficient biosafety of photopolymers. In this study, for the first time lignin was introduced into photoinitiating systems. A novel lignin-based water-soluble macro PI (L-PEG-2959) was designed and synthesized by introducing water-soluble PEG chain and photoinitiating moiety into lignin backbone simultaneously. A series of characterizations were performed, including 1H NMR, FTIR, UV-Vis, GPC and TGA analysis, which indicated that L-PEG-2959 has excellent light absorption property within 200–400 nm, high initiating efficiency and superior water-solubility. Additionally, L-PEG-2959 could be compatible well with glycidyl methacrylate modified gelatin (Gel-GMA) and initiate the photopolymerization of Gel-GMA quickly under UV irradiation to form a chemical crosslinking hybrid hydrogel. Compared with the neat hydrogel made by Gel-GMA initiated with Irgacure2959, a commercial small molecular PI, the hybrid hydrogels presented controllable swelling property, increased mechanical strength, remarkably reduced precipitates and enhanced biosafety. The results indicated the great potential of lignin-based macro PIs in preparing biosafety photopolymers.
关键词： macromolecular photoinitiator,Lignin,hybrid hydrogel,low migration,water solubility
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Ionic Liquid Stabilized Gelatin-Lignin Films: A potential UV Shielding Material with Excellent Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties
摘要： Significant research is going on to develop environmental friendly UV shielding materials. Herein, we have constructed choline citrate (a bio-based ionic liquid, IL) stabilized homogeneous gelatin-lignin UV shielding films with excellent antimicrobial and mechanical properties. Synthesis procedure of films is less energy demanding, one pot and sustainable in nature. Prepared films are characterized for its mechanical and thermal analysis using UTM and TGA respectively. ATR-IR and PXRD is employed to explore the possible formation of H-bonding between biopolymers and IL and change in crystallinity in films after addition of IL to gelatin-lignin matrix. Surface morphology of prepared films has been studied using optical microscope, AFM and FE-SEM. Optical properties of prepared films are measured using UV-Visible spectroscopy. Antimicrobial activity of prepared films has been tested against Bacillus subtilis.Prepared bio-films have shown sun protection factor (SPF) up to ~ 45.0, large elongation ~200% and tensile strength ~70 MPa, which are as good as exhibited by organic polymeric films, indicating a promising renewable resources-based material for UV-light-blocking.
关键词： UV blocking material,Composite,biomass,lignin gelatin composite,ionic liquids
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Correlations between lignin content and structural robustness in plants revealed by X-ray ptychography
摘要： Lignin is a heterogeneous aromatic polymer responsible for cell wall stiffness and protection from pathogen attack. However, lignin represents a bottleneck to biomass degradation due to its recalcitrance related to the natural cell wall resistance to release sugars for fermentation or further processing. A biological approach involving genetics and molecular biology was used to disrupt lignin pathway synthesis and decrease lignin deposition. Here, we imaged three-dimensional fragments of the petioles of wild type and C4H lignin mutant Arabidopsis thaliana plants by synchrotron cryo-ptychography. the three-dimensional images revealed the heterogeneity of vessels, parenchyma, and fibre cell wall morphologies, highlighting the relation between disturbed lignin deposition and vessel implosion (cell collapsing and obstruction of water flow). We introduce a new parameter to accurately define cell implosion conditions in plants, and we demonstrate how cryo-ptychographic X-ray computed tomography (cryo-PXCT) provides new insights for plant imaging in three dimensions to understand physiological processes.
关键词： lignin,structural robustness,X-ray ptychography,cryo-PXCT,plants,Arabidopsis thaliana
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Secondary Bonds Modifying Conjugatea??Blocked Linkages of Biomassa??Derived Lignin to Form Electron Transfer 3D Networks for Efficiency Exceeding 16% Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells
摘要： Fabricating high-efficient electron transporting interfacial layers (ETLs) with isotropic features is highly desired for all-directional electron transfer/collection from an anisotropic active layer, achieving excellent power conversion efficiency (PCEs) on nonfullerene acceptor (NFA) organic solar cells (OSCs). The complicated synthesis and cost-consumption in exploring versatile materials arouse great interest in the development of binary-doping interlayers without phase separation and flexible manipulation. Herein, for the first time, a novel cathode interfacial layer based on biomass-derived demethylated kraft lignin (DMeKL) is proposed. Features of multiple phenolic-hydroxyl (PhOH) and uniform-distributed render DMeKL to exhibit an excellent bonding capacity with amino terminal substituted perylene diiminde (PDIN), and successfully form a high-efficient isotropic electron transfer 3D network. Synchronously, secondary bonds completely modify conjugate-blocked linkages of DMeKL, significantly enhance the electron transporting performance on cross-section and vertical-sections, and repair the contact of PDIN with active layer. The DMeKL/PDIN-based 3D-network exhibits well-matched work function (WF) (–4.34 eV) with cathode (–4.30 eV) and energy level of electron acceptor (–4.11 eV). DMeKL/PDIN-based NFAs-OSC shows excellent short-circuit current density (26.61 mA cm–2) and PCE (16.02%) beyond the classic PDIN-based NFA-OSC (25.64 mA cm–2, 15.41%), which is the highest PCEs among biomaterials interlayers. The results supply a novel method to achieve high-efficient cathode interlayer for NFAs-OSCs.
关键词： secondary bonds,nonfullerene acceptor organic solar cells,electron transfer 3D network,biomass-derived lignin,power conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Rapid quantification and characterization of the pyrolytic lignin fraction of bio-oils by size exclusion chromatography coupled with multi-angle laser light scattering detector (SEC-MALS)
摘要： A rapid method was developed to characterize the Pyrolytic Lignin (PL) fraction of flash pyrolysis bio-oils, based on size exclusion chromatography (SEC) coupled to differential refractive index (DRI) and multi-angle laser light scattering (MALS) detectors. Two beech wood bio-oils with different PL content were used in the study. The first was produced with a single-stage condensation system (BO), while the second was an organic fraction collected in the first stage of a two-stage condensation system (F1). PL was isolated from both the BO and F1 bio-oils by the water precipitation method. Our results suggested that quantification of the pyrolytic lignin fraction of bio-oils can be performed by the SEC-MALS-DRI method provided that the specific refractive index increment (dn/dc) is known, and the integration interval is carefully chosen. Average molar mass (Mn) values for the BO and F1 samples were 580 ± 50 Da and 890 ± 50 Da, respectively. Our results indicated that the condensation system and the water precipitation method affect the average molar mass of isolated PL oligomers.
关键词： Pyrolytic lignin,Polymer characterization,Bio-oil,Biomass,Fractional condensation,SEC-MALS,Flash pyrolysis,MALS
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Non-doped Red Fluorophores with Hybridized Local and Charge-Transfer State for High-Performance Fluorescent White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
摘要： To enhance the humification process, Phanerochaete chrysosporium (P. chrysosporium) was inoculated during different fermentation phases of the co-composting of maize straw and canola residue. The humification process was determined by evaluating cellulose and lignin contents and key enzyme activities during composting. Results showed that the cellulose and lignin degradation efficiency and humification degree of compost were significantly enhanced in the treatment that inoculated P. chrysosporium in the cooling period (T2). At the end of composting, compared with that in T1 (no inoculation), the content of cellulose and lignin in T2 decreased significantly by 40.00% and 64.30%, respectively, and compared with that in T1 and T3 (inoculation in the initial stage of composting) the content of humus in T2 increased significantly by 55.40% and 75.20%, respectively. This study confirms that inoculating P. chrysosporium during the cooling period promoted the degradation of cellulose and lignin, and therefore enhanced the compost humification.
关键词： Composting,Inoculation time,Phanerochaete chrysosporium,Compost humification,Lignin degradation
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52