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- 2019
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- IoT based data acquisition system
- Grid tie solar PV system
- IoT
- Losses in Solar PV plant
- Raspberry Pi
- optimum active power
- losses of electrical energy
- grid-connected photovoltaic system
- photovoltaic system
- power supply diagram
- Electrical Engineering and Automation
- Zeal College of Engineering and Research
- Kuban State Agrarian University
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Efficient coupling of light from dielectric to HIMI plasmonic waveguide
摘要： This is the ?rst report on the investigation of a hybrid plasmonic tapered coupler injecting light ef?ciently from conventional dielectric waveguide to a hybrid insulator–metal–insulator (HIMI) plasmonic waveguide. The proposed structure gives high transmission ef?ciency and suppresses the re?ection losses signi?cantly. With this tapered coupling mechanism, maximum transmittance and return loss of 98% and 26 dB have been observed, respectively. The coupler also offers very good propagation length (274 μm) along with minimal mode propagation losses (0.016 dB/μm). Apart from that, it offers decent con?nement of light in low dielectric regions up to 32%. The proposed structure is designed in an ultra-short tapered length of 1.0 μm, and the entire structure occupies a footprint area of 1.4 × 2.4 μm2. Proposed hybrid waveguide coupler could be useful for several chip scale applications.
关键词： chip scale applications,light confinement,hybrid plasmonic tapered coupler,propagation length,mode propagation losses,reflection losses,HIMI plasmonic waveguide,transmission efficiency
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 International Ural Conference on Electrical Power Engineering (UralCon) - Chelyabinsk, Russia (2019.10.1-2019.10.3)] 2019 International Ural Conference on Electrical Power Engineering (UralCon) - Development of Method for Photovoltaic Generation Control by Electrical Network Relative Power Losses Minimization Criteria
摘要： In recent years, the world practice shows that in many developed countries the use of renewable energy sources has become an important factor for the sustainable development of their energy sector. The integration of solar power plants into the electric networks is one of the most important directions for the development of energy, but the issue of the influence of solar generation on the modes of electric distribution networks and the relative power loss is acute. This paper analyzes the effect of distributed solar generation on power losses and the configuration of the load curve. The problem of excessive solar generation at the weekend causes the flow of active power from the consumer to the power system, which leads to a change in the configuration of the load curve and an increase in the relative power losses. A calculation method is proposed to minimize relative power losses in electric networks, which allows improving the efficiency of the electric grid company in the conditions of integration of distributed solar generation. Also, to confirm the correctness of the calculation results of the proposed method, variational calculations were carried out.
关键词： Shape factor,Power losses,Load curve,Republic of Tajikistan,Solar generation
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Low-Loss Waveguides by Planar Modified Chemical Vapor Deposition
摘要： We present a novel method to fabricate planar photonic devices for high power applications using Modified Chemical Vapor Deposition (MCVD) technology. The MCVD process, usually applied to optic fibers, is used here to deposit a layer of Ge doped silica on a fused silica slab. The doped layer was then heat-treated by a CO2 laser in order to achieve high optical quality and increase its damage threshold. Finally, direct laser lithography, followed by deep dry etching, was used to shape straight and curved large-core air-cladded waveguides with smooth sidewalls. The straight waveguides were shown to have an excellent propagation loss, 0.33 dB/cm, and the curved waveguide had a propagation loss of 1 dB/cm.
关键词： Propagation losses,Optical waveguides,Germanium doped silica
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Effect of recovery time of nonlinear absorber saturated losses on the soliton pulse structure in a fibre laser with different cavity lengths
摘要： Using numerical simulation methods, we have calculated the dependences of the pulse profile and spectrum of a ring fibre laser in the region of anomalous group velocity dispersion on the length of the laser cavity and the recovery time of the nonlinear absorber saturated losses. It is found that with increasing cavity length the laser pulse acquires a pedestal, the positions of its edges corresponding to the frequencies of the Kelly sidebands. It is shown that the finiteness of the recovery time of the saturable absorber leads to an asymmetry in the profile and spectrum of the laser pulse.
关键词： recovery time,saturable losses,Kelly sidebands,soliton fibre laser,nonlinear saturable absorber
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 21st European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE '19 ECCE Europe) - Genova, Italy (2019.9.3-2019.9.5)] 2019 21st European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE '19 ECCE Europe) - Laser triggering of solid-state switches
摘要： A theoretical and experimental investigation has been made into the laser activated Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR) turn-on process. Thanks to the measurement of illumination profile of the thyristor gate and a one-dimensional commutation model, a prediction can be made of the temperature hotspots of the initially conducting area region adjacent to the gate. The improvement of switching characteristics with respect to the datasheet parameters for an electrically gated configuration will be demonstrated; 8-fold turn-on delay reduction and the rate of rise of the on-state current (di/dt) increased over 45 times at low pulse repetition rate, without destroying the device.
关键词： New switching devices,Thyristors,Photovoltaic,Switching losses,Particle accelerator,Transistor,Pulsed power,Semiconductor device
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Mode-crossing spectroscopy for photonic waveguide characterization
摘要： We report a novel spectroscopic technique to characterize photonic waveguides over more than an octave of wavelength. The technique, called mode-crossing spectroscopy, uses a broadband source and a spectrometer that are coupled to the input and output ends of a series of straight dielectric waveguides via single-mode optical fibers. Measurements of the wavelengths at which multiple modes are degenerate in a single waveguide enable the determination of the refractive index of the core, as well as the waveguide width variation. In addition, mode-dependent losses are reported from 700 nm to 1550 nm using waveguides of varying lengths. The core refractive indices are measured within an error of ±0.5%, waveguide width variation to an accuracy of less than 5 nm, and waveguide propagation losses within an error of ±0.5 dB/cm. Ultrabroadband in situ measurements of loss and index over an octave of bandwidth are crucial for the accurate characterization of photonic integrated circuits and devices, especially those based on precision broadband couplers, interferometers, and resonant cavities.
关键词： propagation losses,mode-crossing spectroscopy,photonic waveguides,waveguide width variation,refractive index
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Fundamental Aspects Concerning the Validity of the Standard Equivalent Circuit for Large‐Area Silicon Solar Cells
摘要： The standard equivalent circuit of a solar cell amounts to a lumped description by separate diode and resistor elements. Since its application to a large-area silicon solar cell effectively implies averaging the emitter resistance which, however, is closely coupled to the p–n junction, it is not self-evident that it works more or less well. Using an analytically solvable distributed series resistance model and systematically treating the deviations from the ideal case of zero emitter resistance, the equivalent circuit is found in linear order in the sheet resistivity. In this linear order, the lumped voltage losses are fully compatible with the integrated Joule losses; this compatibility turns out to be a necessary and sufficient condition for modeling the local series resistance of a large-area silicon solar cell. In higher orders of the sheet resistivity, however, the lumped voltage losses are not compatible with the integrated Joule losses, which means that the equivalent circuit cannot describe these higher orders. The equivalent circuit resulting from the linear-order lumped series resistance accounts for the experimentally observed variation of the lumped series resistance along the current–voltage characteristic, which turns out to be fully described by a dependence on the dark diode current only.
关键词： Joule losses,equivalent circuit,solar cell modeling,voltage losses,local series resistance
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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How to Report Record Open‐Circuit Voltages in Lead‐Halide Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Open-circuit voltages of lead-halide perovskite solar cells are improving rapidly and are approaching the thermodynamic limit. Since many different perovskite compositions with different bandgap energies are actively being investigated, it is not straightforward to compare the open-circuit voltages between these devices as long as a consistent method of referencing is missing. For the purpose of comparing open-circuit voltages and identifying outstanding values, it is imperative to use a unique, generally accepted way of calculating the thermodynamic limit, which is currently not the case. Here a meta-analysis of methods to determine the bandgap and a radiative limit for open-circuit voltage is presented. The differences between the methods are analyzed and an easily applicable approach based on the solar cell quantum efficiency as a general reference is proposed.
关键词： bandgap,nonradiative voltage losses,Shockley–Queisser model,fill factor losses,photovoltaics,radiative limit,recombination
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Optimization Study of Parasitic Energy Losses in Photovoltaic System with Dual-Axis Solar Tracker Located at Different Latitudes
摘要： Despite the sun-tracking system maximising the annual yield of solar power generation, the inevitable parasitic energy losses from the sun-tracking mechanism related to range of motion should be considered. This paper presents a systematic approach to investigate the annual accumulated parasitic energy losses in photovoltaic (PV) or concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) system installed in a dual-axis solar tracker located at various locations with latitudes ranging from 45°N to 45°S. This approach allows the engineers to evaluate and to optimize the PV/CPV system performance by determining the least parasitic energy loss in the cases of fixed and non-fixed stow positions. The results show that the solar tracker with non-fixed stow position always has lower annual accumulated parasitic energy losses as compared to that of fixed stow position located in different latitudes.
关键词： Concentrator photovoltaic system,Photovoltaic system,Dual-axis solar tracker,Azimuth-elevation tracking,General sun-tracking formula,Parasitic energy losses
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Study on Conversion Losses of Several Converter Topologies Used in Grid Connected Photovoltaic System
摘要： For PV applications, many studies focus on maximum power extraction without evaluating losses in the conversion chain. In this research, a comparison between 3 grid-connected converters will be conducted. The 3 topologies boost-inverter, inverter-transformer and boost inverter structures will be studied especially in the point of view of losses. This comparison is intended to observe the performance of each structure in the function of the delivered power. Although each structure has its own feature in terms of galvanic isolation and geometric size, it is interesting to compare the losses and efficiency of each structure in order to select the appropriate application. The circuit model is simulated using PSIM software which already includes the thermal module to estimate the switching and conduction losses of power switches. The source of each topology is photovoltaic modules and the control of the circuits include the MPPT feature to absorb the optimum power from the PV modules.
关键词： Topology of conversion,Power electronics,Photovoltaic system,Conversion losses,Grid connected,Solar energy
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22