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Performance improvement of inverted perovskite solar cells using TiO2 nanorod array and mesoporous structure
摘要： In view of the low carrier mobility of organic materials, the carrier collection ability was suffered from the short transport length before carriers were recombined. To improve performances by enhancing carrier collection ability, the optimal period was 1.5 μm which was obtained by changing the period of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanorod array in the inverted perovskite solar cells (IPSCs). The power conversion efficiency was improved to 11.96% from the 7.66% of the standard planar IPSCs. Besides, due to the inherent properties of high absorption surface area and high light scattering ability, the 150-nm-thick TiO2 mesoporous layer was embedded in the TiO2 electron transport layer. By changing the annealing temperature, the optimal crystallinity of anatase phase and the optimal porous distribution were obtained in the TiO2 mesoporous layers annealed at 500 °C for 30 min. Using the optimal annealed TiO2 mesoporous layers in the IPSCs, the power conversion efficiency was improved to 12.73%. The power conversion efficiency of 14.47% was obtained for the IPSCs embedded with the optimal 1.5-μm-periodic TiO2 nanorod array and the optimal 500 °C-annealed TiO2 mesoporous layer in the electron transport layer, simultaneously.
关键词： Nanorod array,Laser interference lithography system,Titanium dioxide material,Mesoporous layer,Inverted perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Tellurium-Doped, Mesoporous Carbon Nanomaterials as Transparent Metal-Free Counter Electrodes for High-Performance Bifacial Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
摘要： Tellurium-doped, mesoporous carbon nanomaterials with a relatively high doping level were prepared by a simple stabilization and carbonization method in the presence of a tellurium metalloid. A transparent counter electrode (CE) was prepared using tellurium-doped, mesoporous carbon (TeMC) materials, and was directly applied to bifacial, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). To improve the performance of the bifacial DSSC device, CEs should have outstanding electrocatalytic activity, electrical conductivity, and electrochemical stability, as well as high transparency. In this study, to make transparent electrodes with outstanding electrocatalytic activity and electrical conductivity, various TeMC materials with di?erent carbonization temperatures were prepared by simple pyrolysis of the polyacrylonitrile-block-poly (n-butyl acrylate) (PAN-b-PBA) block copolymer in the presence of the tellurium metalloid. The electrocatalytic activity of the prepared TeMC materials were evaluated through a dummy cell test, and the material with the best catalytic ability was selected and optimized for application in bifacial DSSC devices by controlling the ?lm thickness of the CE. As a result, the bifacial DSSC devices with the TeMC CE exhibited high power conversion e?ciencies (PCE), i.e., 9.43% and 8.06% under front and rear side irradiation, respectively, which are the highest values reported for bifacial DSSCs to date. Based on these results, newly-developed transparent, carbon-based electrodes may lead to more stable and e?ective bifacial DSSC development without sacri?cing the photovoltaic performance of the DSSC device.
关键词： transparency,bifacial devices,mesoporous carbon,tellurium-doped,counter electrodes,dye-sensitized solar cells
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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The use of surfactant-filled mesoporous silica as an immobilising medium for a fluorescence lifetime pH indicator, providing long-term calibration stability
摘要： Surfactant filled mesoporous silica is applied as a matrix for immobilizing the fluorescence lifetime pH-indicator acridine. We demonstrate that this type of encapsulation provides a stable and uniform chemical environment for the indicator and has good proton transport properties leading to rapid pH response times. Furthermore, the immobilising medium effectively prevents leaching of the indicator, facilitates high long-term stability and does not influence the pH sensing-range of the indicator.
关键词： acridine,surfactant-filled mesoporous silica,fluorescence lifetime pH indicator,proton transport properties,long-term calibration stability
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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AuNP and ssDNA capped mesoporous silica nanoparticles for laser controlled drug release
摘要： In order to improve drug e?cacy, and reduce drug toxicity and side e?ects, a novel drug controlled release system was developed based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) acting as pore caps and short single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) oligomers as the linker. The synthesised composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powder X-ray di?raction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), zeta potential measurement, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-vis spectroscopy. The anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox) was applied as a model drug to investigate the 808 nm near infrared (NIR) laser-controlled drug release behavior at di?erent pH by ?uorescence measurements. The investigation results demonstrate that this nanocarrier could achieve drug controlled release by external near-infrared (NIR) laser stimulation, which is expected to be applied in cancer therapy.
关键词： doxorubicin,near-infrared laser,single-stranded DNA,mesoporous silica nanoparticles,drug controlled release,gold nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Bright emission and high photoluminescence CsPb <sub/>2</sub> Br <sub/>5</sub> NCs encapsulated in mesoporous silica with ultrahigh stability and excellent optical properties for white light-emitting diodes
摘要： All-inorganic cesium lead halide perovskite CsPb2Br5 nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted tremendous attention owing to their unique optoelectronic properties. However, their tolerance to atmospheric moisture is limited by their corresponding poor stability, which has drastically prevented the broad application of the materials in lasers, light-emitting diodes (LED) and, most recently, photocatalysis. To address this issue, we have successfully demonstrated the design and synthesis of a nanocomposite material, CsPb2Br5 NCs coated in mesoporous silica (NCs-MS), with high photoluminescence (PL) intensity, bright emission and enhanced water stability, thermal stability and photostability versus naked CsPb2Br5 NCs. The components and structure of the prepared CsPb2Br5 NCs-MS nanocomposite were investigated in detail by PL, XRD, TEM and HAADF-STEM studies. Furthermore, the mechanism behind the outstanding stability and optical properties of the prepared NCs-MS nanocomposite is discussed. Owing to the ultrahigh stability of the NCs-MS nanocomposite, the white LED (WLED) assembled by coating the CsPb2Br5 NCs-MS nanocomposite and commercial red CaAlSiN3:Eu2+ phosphor powder on an InGaN blue chip showed CIE chromaticity coordinates of (0.3377, 0.3309) and presented excellent optical parameters with a CRI of 82.9, a CCT of 5035 K and an LE of 64.9 lm W?1. This work provides a new pathway for the synthesis and application of all-inorganic cesium lead halide perovskite materials in WLEDs and display devices.
关键词： stability,white light-emitting diodes,mesoporous silica,photoluminescence,CsPb2Br5 NCs
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Real time nanoplasmonic sensing for monitoring CH <sub/>3</sub> NH <sub/>3</sub> PbI <sub/>3</sub> perovskite formation in mesoporous TiO <sub/>2</sub> films
摘要： The formation of methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) perovskite into mesoporous titania (TiO2) scaffold via a sequential deposition method is known to offer high quality films for good photovoltaic device performance. The local kinetics at the lower interface between the mesoporous TiO2 film and the collecting electrode govern perovskite growth and formation. Here, we have used a NanoPlasmonic Sensing (NPS) approach with gold (Au) nanosensors to monitor the formation of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite at the lower interface of up to 650 nm mesoporous TiO2 films. This technique provides time-resolved spectral shifts of the localized surface plasmon resonance at different operating temperatures and methylammonium iodide (CH3NH3I3) concentrations by recording changes in the local vicinity of the Au nanosensors at the mesoporous TiO2 film interface. Analytical studies included ellipsometry, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The results show that both the intensity of the NPS response and NPS rate constants are correlated with the operating concentrations and temperatures of CH3NH3I3 as well as CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite growth in mesoporous TiO2.
关键词： nanoplasmonic sensing,localized surface plasmon resonance,mesoporous TiO2 films,perovskite formation,CH3NH3PbI3
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Investigation of Well-Defined Pinholes in TiO2 Electron Selective Layers Used in Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： The recently introduced perovskite solar cell (PSC) technology is a promising candidate for providing low-cost energy for future demands. However, one major concern with the technology can be traced back to morphological defects in the electron selective layer (ESL), which deteriorates the solar cell performance. Pinholes in the ESL may lead to an increased surface recombination rate for holes, if the perovskite absorber layer is in contact with the fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate via the pinholes. In this work, we used sol-gel-derived mesoporous TiO2 thin films prepared by block co-polymer templating in combination with dip coating as a model system for investigating the effect of ESL pinholes on the photovoltaic performance of planar heterojunction PSCs. We studied TiO2 films with different porosities and film thicknesses, and observed that the induced pinholes only had a minor impact on the device performance. This suggests that having narrow pinholes with a diameter of about 10 nm in the ESL is in fact not detrimental for the device performance and can even, to some extent improve their performance. A probable reason for this is that the narrow pores in the ordered structure do not allow the perovskite crystals to form interconnected pathways to the underlying FTO substrate. However, for ultrathin (~20 nm) porous layers, an incomplete ESL surface coverage of the FTO layer will further deteriorate the device performance.
关键词： electron selective layer,pinhole,perovskite solar cell,dip coating,evaporation-induced self-assembly,mesoporous TiO2
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Novel NiO Nanoforest Architecture for Efficient Inverted Mesoporous Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) demonstrates attractive features in developing air-stable photovoltaic device, by employing inorganic hole transport layers (HTLs). However, their power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) are still inferior to that of mesoporous n-i-p devices, mainly attributed to the undesirable hole extraction and interfacial recombination loss. Here, we design a novel one-dimensional NiO nanotubes (NTs) nanoforest as efficient mesoporous HTLs. Such NiO NTs mesoporous structure provides the highly conductive pathway for rapid hole extraction, and depresses interfacial recombination loss. Furthermore, excellent light capturing could be achieved by optimizing length and branch growth of NiO NTs nanoforest, which mimics the evolution of natural forest. Therefore, this inverted mesoporous PSCs yields an optimal efficiency of 18.77%, which is still prominent in state-of-the-art NiO-based devices. Alternatively, the mesoporous device exhibits greatly improved long-term stability. This work provides a new design perspective for developing high-performance inverted PSCs.
关键词： mesoporous structure,NiO,hole transporting layer,Inverted perovskite solar cells,nanotube nanoforest
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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N-doped carbon quantum dot (NCQD) deposited carbon capsules for synergistic fluorescence imaging and photothermal therapy of oral cancer
摘要： Use of nanomaterials blessed with both therapeutic and diagnostic property is a proficient strategy in the treatment of cancer in its early stage. In this context, our paper reports the synthesis of uniform size N-rich mesoporous carbon nanospheres of size 65-70 nm from pyrrole and aniline precursor using triton-X as a structure directing agent. TEM microscopy reveals that these carbons spheres contain void spaces in which ultra-small nitrogen doped quantum dots (NCQD) are captured with in the matrix. These mesoporous hollow NCQD captured carbon spheres (NCQD-HCS) show fluorescence quantum yield up to 14.6% under λex=340 nm. Interestingly, samples calcined at >800 ?C clearly absorb in the wavelength range 700-1000 nm and shows light-to-heat conversion efficiency up to 52%. In vitro experiments in human oral cancer cells (FaDu) show that NCQD-HCS are internalized by the cells and induce substantial thermal ablation effect in FaDu cells when exposed under 980 nm NIR laser.
关键词： light-to-heat conversion efficiency,photothermal agent,mesoporous carbon,optical imaging,nanotheranostics
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Comparison of Efficiency analysis of Perovskite solar cell by altering Electron and Hole transporting layers
摘要： The methylamine lead halide perovskites as the light harvesting material in solar devices are emerging and promising due to their easy manufacturing process and large photovoltaic efficiency. Generally perovskite solar cells consist of a structure in which the perovskite light absorbing layer is sandwiched between electron and hole transporting layers (ETLs and HTLs). Herein we report four types of perovskite (CH3NH3PbBr3) solar cells which were fabricated in the absence and presence of electron transporting layer (Titanium dioxide (TiO2)) and hole transporting layer (2,2',7,7'-Tetrakis[N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9'-pirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD)). Efficiency comparison analysis of fabricated solar cells was performed in the absence and presence of electron and hole transporting layers. All layers were deposited by spin-coating method. Different analysis using XRD, SEM, UV and IV measurements were carried out for all samples. Maximum power conversion efficiency of 13.8 % was obtained.
关键词： Hole transport material free,mesoporous Titanium dioxide,Perovskite solar cell,photovoltaic technology
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22