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Plasmonic Ag as electron-transfer mediators in Bi2MoO6/Ag-AgCl for efficient photocatalytic inactivation of bacteria
摘要： Solar-driven photocatalysis undoubtedly represents one of the most promising alternative water disinfection technologies, however, its practical application is still restrained by the fast recombination of carriers. To overcome this limitation, plasmon-induced photocatalytic processes have gained attention due to their extended optical absorption and enhanced charge separation when metal nanoparticles act as co-catalysts. In this work, to enhance the photocatalytic disinfection of Bi2MoO6/AgCl, the formation of plasmonic Ag nanoparticles as electron transfer mediators was promoted on the surface of Bi2MoO6 photocatalysts. Specifically, the co-modified Bi2MoO6/Ag-AgCl photocatalysts were synthesized via a two-step process involving the precipitation of AgCl and photo-reduction of Ag on the Bi2MoO6 surface. It was found that Bi2MoO6/Ag-AgCl photocatalysts exhibited higher photocatalytic disinfection activity under visible light irradiation than those of Bi2MoO6 and Bi2MoO6/AgCl. The photocatalytic mechanism of Bi2MoO6/AgCl could be attributed to the excellent synergistic effect of Ag and AgCl, where plasmonic Ag nanoparticles promote light absorption and work as electron-transfer mediators to transfer electrons from Bi2MoO6 to AgCl, meanwhile AgCl work as interfacial catalytic active sites to product free radicals based on the powerful characterizations, such as PL spectra, photoelectrochemical methodology and theoretical calculations. This work may provide new insights to employ synergistic effect of heterogeneous photocatalysts for improving the catalytic activities in water purification.
关键词： charge separation and transfer,plasmon effect,photocatalytic disinfection,Bi2MoO6 microspheres,Ag
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Facile bioactive yeast cell templated synthesis of laser stealth antimony doped tin oxide hollow microspheres
摘要： Hollow antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) microspheres with a diameter of 2.0–3.0 μm and ellipsoidal morphology were successfully prepared through a co-precipitation route. The prepared ATO microspheres possessed more Sb5+ and 73.5 m2 g?1 specific surface area. These ATO hollow microspheres showed a widened infrared absorption phenomenon in the infrared band of 850–2000 nm. The near-infrared reflection was obviously lower than ATO nanoparticles. Additionally, the reflectance of ATO hollow microspheres was approximately 7% at 1064 nm, indicating better laser reflection properties.
关键词： Hollow microspheres,Antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO),Bio-template,Laser reflection
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Near-infrared Laser Triggered Full-Color Tuning Photon Upconversion and Intense White Emission in Single Gd2O3 Microparticle
摘要： Full-color emission fluorescence materials are of imperious demands in information storage, graphics imaging and anti-counterfeiting fields. However, it is still a formidable challenge to develop a single material with full-color emission and high purity white output under a NIR-light excitation. Herein, we design a novel and convenient strategy to tune the upconversion luminescence color with full color range in lanthanide ions doped Gd2O3 microspheres via a single NIR laser sensitization. Different from the typical ion-dependent tuning of color, the bright and flexible full-color emission tuning from blue to cyan, green, yellow, pink, and red can be controllable implementation in a single microparticle. Particularity, benefiting from the laser sensitive color adjustment, highly intense white color emission can be simultaneously achieved in diverse doped ion concentration particles. In addition, the upconversion emission intensity has been evidently improved if using a NIR laser sensitization, leading to significantly enhanced upconversion red luminescence signal (44-fold) at the power 446 mW. The mechanistic investigations and dynamics analysis reveal that the unprecedented color tunability from these microcrystals is attributed to dynamic control of multi-energy transfer and multi-cross relaxation process. Furthermore, owning to their excellent upconversion luminescence properties, Gd2O3 microparticles could be used to the anticounterfeiting application in different colors. These findings not only open a way to fabricate a single material to fine tuning upconversion emission in a full color gamut, but also give the possibility to construction of the multicolor imaging for anti-counterfeiting applications.
关键词： upconversion luminescence,anti-counterfeiting,full color emission,lanthanide ions doped Gd2O3 microspheres,white color emission,laser sensitization
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Higha??Efficiency Lowa??Temperaturea??Processed Mesoscopic Perovskite Solar Cells from SnO <sub/>2</sub> Nanorod Selfa??Assembled Microspheres
摘要： Mesoporous scaffolds in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) can accelerate the formation of heterogeneous nucleation sites, leading to enhanced quality of perovskite films and uniform perovskite coverage over large areas. Nevertheless, the mesoporous electron transport layers (ETLs) can effectively compensate for the drawback of shorter electron diffusion lengths than their hole counterparts. Therefore, most mesoscopic PSCs usually show superior photovoltaic performance to their planar counterparts. However, mesoporous ETLs, particularly those prepared with metal oxide nanocrystals, often require a high-temperature sintering process for the removal of residual organics and the improved crystallization of metal oxides. Here, a novel emulsion-based bottom-up self-assembly strategy is used to prepare sizable SnO2 microspheres from oleic acid capped SnO2 nanorods. Combined with an in-situ ligand-stripping strategy, the low-temperature solution-processed mesoscopic PSCs can achieve efficiency as high as 21.35% with slight hysteresis and good reproducibility. In particular, the emulsion-based bottom-up self-assembly strategy is a general way for preparing microspheres from several kinds of semiconductor nanocrystals, so it will greatly expand the material selection range for preparing efficient mesoscopic PSCs and even inverted mesoscopic devices.
关键词： mesoscopic perovskite solar cells,in situ ligand stripping,low-temperature process,SnO2 nanorod self-assembled microspheres
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Hierarchical flower-like TiO2 microspheres with improved dye-sensitized solar cell performance
摘要： Hierarchical flower-like TiO2 microspheres (FMS) and TiO2 nanorice (NR) were obtained, respectively, by controlling the dosage of Ti precursor via a simple hydrothermal process. Flower-like TiO2 microspheres consist of nanopetals grown from the center radially, the nanopetals are about several nm in average thickness, and each nanopetal has a thinned tip with an average size of 15 nm. The unique hierarchical TiO2 microspheres with large surface area (118.6 m2 g?1) suggested its potential application in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The power conversion efficiency of FMS-based DSSCs (9.58%) is much higher than that of NR-based DSSCs (7.13%), which could be ascribed to its excellent light-scattering and dye absorption ability, shorter electron transport pathway and longer electron recombination time derived from the thin thickness and large specific surface area of nanopetals.
关键词： Dye absorption,Hierarchical flower-like TiO2 microspheres,Hydrothermal process,Light-scattering,Dye-sensitized solar cells
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Spray-coated monodispersed SnO2 microsphere films as scaffold layers for efficient mesoscopic perovskite solar cells
摘要： Mesoporous SnO2 microspheres are a class of promising electron transport materials for mesoscopic perovskite solar cells, but a smooth and dense film as requested by electron transport layer is difficult to realize using the microspheres. Here, a series of monodispersed SnO2 microspheres with high specific surface area and good crystallinity are synthesized via a surfactant-free solvothermal method. These SnO2 microspheres showing small diameters of about 75, 110 and 200 nm with narrow size distribution are achieved by precisely controlling the crystal growth process. They are suitable for constructing the electron transport layers whose thickness is only about hundreds nanometers. Besides, as the microspheres easily slip off from the substrate during the conventional spin coating process, the spray coating method is exploited to prepare high quality electron transport layers. As a result, a power conversion efficiency of 16.85% is yielded by using the 75 nm sized SnO2 microspheres as the electron transport layers. This high power conversion efficiency is attributed to the fast electron transport and inhibited charge recombination. To further improve the charge transfer between the electron transport layer and perovskite layer, graphene quantum dots are added into the SnO2 microspheres, and a best efficiency of 17.08% is obtained.
关键词： Monodispersed SnO2 microspheres,Electron transport layer,Spray coating,Perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Self-assembled NiO microspheres for efficient inverted mesoscopic perovskite solar cells
摘要： Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with both normal (n-i-p) and inverted (p-i-n) mesoscopic structures usually exhibit higher e?ciency than their planar counterparts because the mesoporous charge transport layers can supply heterogeneous nucleation sites for growing high quality perovskite crystals and enlarged charge separation area for better charge extraction. However, comparing with the achieved extremely high or even the certi?ed world record e?ciency of mesoscopic PSCs, the signi?cant improvement of inverted mesoscopic PSCs has yet been made, mainly owing to the lack of suitable p-type semiconductors for preparing mesoporous hole transport layers (HTLs). Here, an emulsion-based bottom-up self-assembly strategy is used to prepare NiO microspheres from well-dispersed NiO nanocrystals. The self-assembled NiO microspheres are further used to fabricate mesoporous NiO HTLs of the inverted mesoscopic PSCs. The as-prepared mesoporous NiO HTL with self-assembled NiO microspheres can provide more suitable graded energy alignment, better charge carrier dynamics and reduced dark recombination in the device comparing with the inverted planar PSC with NiO nanocrystal HTL, contributing to obviously enhanced photovoltaic performance and nearly eliminated photocurrent-voltage hysteresis. Due to the general strategy of emulsion-based bottom-up self-assembly for microspheres synthesis, it will overcome the shortage of p-type materials for preparing e?cient inverted mesoscopic PSCs.
关键词： Self-assembled NiO microspheres,Photovoltaic performance,Inverted mesoscopic perovskite solar cell
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Precisely photothermal controlled releasing of antibacterial agent from Bi2S3 hollow microspheres triggered by NIR light for water sterilization
摘要： Microbial contamination in water has evoked worldwide attention owing to their greatest threats to the public safety. In this work, the sea urchin-like Bi2S3 hollow microspheres have been synthesized by a hard template-assisted polyol method using ZnS composite microspheres as sacri?ced template on the large scale, which shows good biocompatibility and photothermal conversion properties. Thermal-sensitive biocompatible 1-tetradecanol (TD) combined antibacterial agents (Linalool) were loaded into the hollow cavity of the sea urchin-like Bi2S3 hollow microspheres to form TD/Linalool@Bi2S3 composites. The Bi2S3 in the TD/Linalool@Bi2S3 composites can convert the absorbed NIR energy into heat energy under the irradiation of near infrared (NIR) light, which would make the temperature to reach the melting point of the TD and Linalool can be released at same time. Thus, the antibacterial agent Linalool can be precisely controlled releasing from the formed TD/Linalool@Bi2S3 composites, which provided rapid and e?ective killing outcome in vitro for Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram-positive Stahylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Additionally, the as-prepared TD/Linalool@Bi2S3 composites exhibited superior antibacterial ability as compared to antibacterial agent treatment or photothermal therapy (PTT) alone, which can be attributed to the synergistic e?ects of the NIR light driven photothermal killing and antibacterial agent releasing. It endowed that the designed TD/Linalool@Bi2S3 composites is a promising antibacterial platform for cleaning the microbial contaminated water environment, which is of great strategic signi?cance and remains a formidable challenge for practical applications.
关键词： Water sterilization,Bi2S3 hollow microspheres,Antibacterial,NIR light responsive,Precisely controlled delivery
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Synthesis of Plasmonic Photonic Crystal SiO2–Ag Nanostructures by Ion Beam Deposition of Silver Clusters onto Silica Microspheres
摘要： The synthesis of plasmonic photonic crystal SiO2–Ag nanostructures by deposition of silver nanoparticles is considered. The technique includes the physical sputtering of a silver target with a kiloelectronvolt argon ion beam onto silica microspheres obtained according to St?ber. The plasmon resonance effect is shown to be interrelated with the optical properties of nanostructured supports and the morphology of aggregate structures of silver nanoparticles (clusters).
关键词： silica microspheres,ion beam deposition,plasmonic photonic crystal,SiO2–Ag nanostructures,silver clusters
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Facile synthesis of novel gully-like double-sized mesoporous structural Sr-doped ZrO2–TiO2 composites with improved photocatalytic efficiency
摘要： Using polystyrene (PS) microspheres as an auxiliary template, a kind of novel gully-like Sr-doped ZrO2–TiO2 composites with the heterogeneous structure were successfully prepared by a simple instant centrifugation with one-step hydrolysis method. The Sr-doped ZrO2–TiO2 composites consisted of the tetragonal phase ZrO2, orthogonal phase SrZrO3 and anatase phase TiO2, showing a homogeneous concave and convex shape, similared to the naturally occurring gully terrain in nature, with a double-sized mesoporous structure. The SrZrO3 was prepared by the synthetic method in this study, which provided a new reference for the subsequent synthesis of SrZrO3. At the same time, Sr-doped ZrO2–TiO2 composites showed higher photocatalytic activity compared with the monomer and non-strontium-doped TiO2-ZrO2 under multi-mode photocatalytic conditions such as ultraviolet light, visible light, and simulated sunlight. The hydrogen production of Sr-doped ZrO2–TiO2 was 2.9 times and 4.4 times higher than that of TiO2–ZrO2 and TiO2, indicating that Sr-doped played a synergistic role in photocatalytic activity experiments. Finally, by the capturing experiment of gully-like Sr-doped ZrO2–TiO2, it was confirmed that h+,·OH, O2? were active species in the photodegradation of malachite green, and the possible mechanism of the photocatalytic reaction was deduced.
关键词： Sr-doped ZrO2–TiO2,Photocatalysis,Splitting water into hydrogen,Polystyrene microspheres
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04