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- 摘要
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- 实验方案
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Benefit-based cost allocation for residentially distributed photovoltaic systems in China: A cooperative game theory approach
摘要： Distributed photovoltaic (PV) systems have constantly been the key to achieve a low-carbon economy in China. However, the development of Chinese distributed PV systems has failed to meet expectations because of their irrational profit and cost allocations. In this study, the methodology for calculating the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) for PV is thoroughly discussed to address this issue. A mixed-integer linear programming model is built to determine the optimal system operation strategy with a benefit analysis. An externality-corrected mathematical model based on Shapley value is established to allocate the cost of distributed PV systems in 15 Chinese cities between the government, utility grid and residents. Results show that (i) an inverse relationship exists between the LCOEs and solar radiation levels; (ii) the government and residents gain extra benefits from the utility grid through net metering policies, and the utility grid should be the highly subsidized participant; (iii) the percentage of cost assigned to the utility grid and government should increase with the expansion of battery bank to weaken the impact of demand response on increasing theoretical subsidies; and (iv) apart from the LCOE, the local residential electricity prices remarkably impact the subsidy calculation results.
关键词： Shapley value,cooperative game theory,mixed-integer linear programming,levelized cost of energy,cost allocation,solar photovoltaic
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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An Experimental Study on Mixed-dimensional 1D-2D van der Waals Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube-WSe2 Hetero-Junction
摘要： Parking in major cities, particularly with dense traffic, directly effects the traffic flow and people’s life. In this paper, we introduce a new smart parking system that is based on intelligent resource allocation, reservation, and pricing. The proposed system solves the current parking problems by offering guaranteed parking reservations with the lowest possible cost and searching time for drivers and the highest revenue and resource utilization for parking managers. New fair pricing policies are also proposed that can be implemented in practice. The new system is based on mathematical modeling using mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) with the objective of minimizing the total monetary cost for the drivers and maximizing the utilization of parking resources.
关键词： dynamic resource allocation,smart car parking,mixed integer linear programming (MILP),reservation,Dynamic pricing
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Performance Study of Lattice-Matched Multijunction Solar Cells Incorporating GaInNAsSb Junctions with 0.7 - 1.4 eV Bandgap
摘要： Parking in major cities, particularly with dense traffic, directly effects the traffic flow and people’s life. In this paper, we introduce a new smart parking system that is based on intelligent resource allocation, reservation, and pricing. The proposed system solves the current parking problems by offering guaranteed parking reservations with the lowest possible cost and searching time for drivers and the highest revenue and resource utilization for parking managers. New fair pricing policies are also proposed that can be implemented in practice. The new system is based on mathematical modeling using mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) with the objective of minimizing the total monetary cost for the drivers and maximizing the utilization of parking resources.
关键词： dynamic resource allocation,smart car parking,mixed integer linear programming (MILP),reservation,Dynamic pricing
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE International Conference on Engineering Veracruz (ICEV) - Boca del Rio, Veracruz, Mexico (2019.10.14-2019.10.17)] 2019 IEEE International Conference on Engineering Veracruz (ICEV) - Comparative of wind systems vs photovoltaic for the implementation in the electric network of Veracruz Port
摘要： This paper presents the results of three control strategies of managed energy services with home energy management system (HEMS)-integrated devices. The HEMS controls and monitors three types of managed devices: 1) heating; 2) task-speci?c; and 3) energy storage devices. Three approaches are proposed for the rolling optimization by the HEMS, namely, mixed integer linear programming (MILP), continuous relaxation (CR), and fuzzy logic controller (FLC). The CR approach is identi?ed to reduce the computational complexity of the MILP by changing the MILP into an LP solution. Three types of FLC control approaches are proposed, namely, heat-related FLC, task-related FLC, and FLC for the battery. Each control strategy is evaluated against cost optimization, computational resource, and practical implementation. The ?ndings in this paper show that all three algorithmic control strategies successfully perform cost optimization, even with inaccurate forecasting information.
关键词： mixed integer linear programming (MILP),fuzzy logic control (FLC),Continuous relaxation (CR),residential appliance,home energy management system (HEMS)
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Optimal operational strategy for an offgrid hybrid hydrogen/electricity refueling station powered by solar photovoltaics
摘要： This study introduces a novel concept to provide both electric charging and hydrogen refueling at the same location. A hybrid hydrogen/electricity refueling station (HERS) powered only by solar photovoltaics in a remote area without access to the electrical grid is proposed. This station provides electricity for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and simultaneously produces hydrogen for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs). Owing to the variability of PV power output and electricity price, electricity and hydrogen demands, this study investigates a possible operational strategy for the offgrid HERS. The objective is to propose optimal operational strategies for such a station to maximize profits by selling electricity and hydrogen to owners of both BEVs and HFCVs. Failure to supply electricity and hydrogen is treated as a penalty in the target function. The scenario-based stochastic method is adopted for this uncertainty modeling, and the conditional value-at-risk is also considered for evaluating the financial risks. The results reveal that 1) the proposed HERS can simultaneously supply the demands of the BEVs and HFCVs and 2) the behavior of HERS (providing energy to BEVs or HFCVs) is determined by several major factors, namely, electricity and hydrogen prices, and the penalty coefficients.
关键词： Conditional value-at-risk,Electrical vehicles,Operational strategy,Hydrogen-fueled vehicles,Hybrid hydrogen/electricity refueling station,Solar photovoltaics,Mixed-integer linear programming
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2020 IEEE 33rd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) - Vancouver, BC, Canada (2020.1.18-2020.1.22)] 2020 IEEE 33rd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) - Cell Trapping and Mechanical Stimulation in Microfluidic Sensor Combined with Optical Fiber Components
摘要： Parking in major cities, particularly with dense traffic, directly effects the traffic flow and people’s life. In this paper, we introduce a new smart parking system that is based on intelligent resource allocation, reservation, and pricing. The proposed system solves the current parking problems by offering guaranteed parking reservations with the lowest possible cost and searching time for drivers and the highest revenue and resource utilization for parking managers. New fair pricing policies are also proposed that can be implemented in practice. The new system is based on mathematical modeling using mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) with the objective of minimizing the total monetary cost for the drivers and maximizing the utilization of parking resources.
关键词： smart car parking,mixed integer linear programming (MILP),Dynamic pricing,reservation,dynamic resource allocation
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 Photonics North (PN) - Quebec City, QC, Canada (2019.5.21-2019.5.23)] 2019 Photonics North (PN) - Sapphire fiber Bragg grating coupled with graded-index fiber lens
摘要： This paper presents the results of three control strategies of managed energy services with home energy management system (HEMS)-integrated devices. The HEMS controls and monitors three types of managed devices: 1) heating; 2) task-speci?c; and 3) energy storage devices. Three approaches are proposed for the rolling optimization by the HEMS, namely, mixed integer linear programming (MILP), continuous relaxation (CR), and fuzzy logic controller (FLC). The CR approach is identi?ed to reduce the computational complexity of the MILP by changing the MILP into an LP solution. Three types of FLC control approaches are proposed, namely, heat-related FLC, task-related FLC, and FLC for the battery. Each control strategy is evaluated against cost optimization, computational resource, and practical implementation. The ?ndings in this paper show that all three algorithmic control strategies successfully perform cost optimization, even with inaccurate forecasting information.
关键词： mixed integer linear programming (MILP),fuzzy logic control (FLC),Continuous relaxation (CR),residential appliance,home energy management system (HEMS)
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Optimal Asset Planning for Prosumers Considering Energy Storage and Photovoltaic (PV) Units: A Stochastic Approach
摘要： In the distribution system, customers have increasingly use renewable energy sources and battery energy storage systems (BESS), transforming traditional loads into active prosumers. Therefore, methodologies are needed to provide prosumers with tools to optimize their investments and increase business opportunities. In this paper, a stochastic mixed integer linear programming (MILP) formulation is proposed to solve for optimal sizes of prosumer assets, considering the use of a BESS and photovoltaic (PV) units. The objective is to minimize the total cost of the system, which is defined as the combination of a solar PV system investment, BESS investment, maintenance costs of assets, and the cost of electricity supplied by the grid. The developed method defines the optimal size of PV units, the power/energy capacities of the BESS, and the optimal value for initial energy stored in the BESS. Both deterministic and stochastic approaches were explored. For each approach, the proposed model was tested for three cases, providing a varying combination of the use of grid power, PV units, and BESS. The optimal values from each case were compared, showing that there is potential to achieve more economic plans for prosumers when PV and BESS technologies are taken into account.
关键词： mixed integer linear programming,photovoltaic,prosumer asset planning,battery energy storage system
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Accounting for the Dependence of Coil Sensitivity on Sample Thickness and Lift-Off in Inductively Coupled Photoconductance Measurements
摘要： This paper presents the results of three control strategies of managed energy services with home energy management system (HEMS)-integrated devices. The HEMS controls and monitors three types of managed devices: 1) heating; 2) task-speci?c; and 3) energy storage devices. Three approaches are proposed for the rolling optimization by the HEMS, namely, mixed integer linear programming (MILP), continuous relaxation (CR), and fuzzy logic controller (FLC). The CR approach is identi?ed to reduce the computational complexity of the MILP by changing the MILP into an LP solution. Three types of FLC control approaches are proposed, namely, heat-related FLC, task-related FLC, and FLC for the battery. Each control strategy is evaluated against cost optimization, computational resource, and practical implementation. The ?ndings in this paper show that all three algorithmic control strategies successfully perform cost optimization, even with inaccurate forecasting information.
关键词： fuzzy logic control (FLC),home energy management system (HEMS),mixed integer linear programming (MILP),Continuous relaxation (CR),residential appliance
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Dispatch optimization of concentrating solar power with utility-scale photovoltaics
摘要： Concentrating solar power (CSP) tower technologies capture thermal radiation from the sun utilizing a field of solar-tracking heliostats. When paired with inexpensive thermal energy storage (TES), CSP technologies can dispatch electricity during peak-market-priced hours, day or night. The cost of utility-scale photovoltaic (PV) systems has dropped significantly in the last decade, resulting in inexpensive energy production during daylight hours. The hybridization of PV and CSP with TES systems has the potential to provide continuous and stable energy production at a lower cost than a PV or CSP system alone. Hybrid systems are gaining popularity in international markets as a means to increase renewable energy portfolios across the world. Historically, CSP-PV hybrid systems have been evaluated using either monthly averages of hourly PV production or scheduling algorithms that neglect the time-of-production value of electricity in the market. To more accurately evaluate a CSP-PV-battery hybrid design, we develop a profit-maximizing mixed-integer linear program (H) that determines a dispatch schedule for the individual sub-systems with a sub-hourly time fidelity. We present the mathematical formulation of such a model and show that it is computationally expensive to solve. To improve model tractability and reduce solution times, we offer techniques that: (1) reduce the problem size, (2) tighten the linear programming relaxation of (H) via reformulation and the introduction of cuts, and (3) implement an optimization-based heuristic (that can yield initial feasible solutions for (H) and, at any rate, yields near-optimal solutions). Applying these solution techniques results in a 79% improvement in solve time, on average, for our 48-h instances of (H); corresponding solution times for an annual model run decrease by as much as 93%, where such a run consists of solving 365 instances of (H), retaining only the first 24 h’ worth of the solution, and sliding the time window forward 24 h. We present annual system metrics for two locations and two markets that inform design practices for hybrid systems and lay the groundwork for a more exhaustive policy analysis. A comparison of alternative hybrid systems to the CSP-only system demonstrates that hybrid models can almost double capacity factors while resulting in a 30% improvement related to various economic metrics.
关键词： Grid integration,CSP-PV hybrid systems,Mixed-integer linear programming (MILP),System analysis,Photovoltaics (PV),Concentrating solar power (CSP),Dispatch optimization,Lithium-ion battery
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04