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[Energy, Environment, and Sustainability] Advances in Solar Energy Research || Application of Nanofluid-Based Direct Absorption Solar Collector in Once-Through Multistage Flash Desalination System
摘要： Multistage ?ash (MSF) desalination technique is one of the simplest of thermal desalination methods which requires thermal energy in order to desalinate seawater. This thermal energy can be provided by solar energy harnessed by a direct absorption solar collector (DASC) in which a nano?uid while ?owing through the collector absorbs the incident irradiation directly and gets heated to higher temperatures. These collectors are having a relatively higher thermal ef?ciency (10% higher) as compared to conventional surface-absorption-based solar collectors. In this study, a direct absorption solar collector (DASC) has been used as a heat source for multistage ?ash (MSF) desalination system having once-through (OT) con?guration, and these two systems are coupled using a counter?ow type heat exchanger. This direct absorption collector is replaced by surface-absorption-based collector in order to prevent the degradation of thermal performance of surface-absorption-based collector due to high salinity of seawater as in the present case seawater ?ows through heat exchanger and is getting heated by the nano?uid ?owing through direct absorption collector. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the thermal performance of the combined system which is represented by a quantity known as gained output ratio (GOR). The thermal performance or ef?ciency of the solar collector depends upon various parameters such as thickness of nano?uid layer inside DASC (H), length of the collector (L), particle volume fraction of nanoparticles (fv), and incident solar energy (q) which will affect the performance of the MSF system also. Hence, the performance of the combined system will be evaluated as a function of the collector parameters mentioned above. The gained output ratio is also evaluated as a function of brine rejection temperature (Tb) and feed seawater temperature (Tf) which are parameters associated with the MSF desalination system. The fresh water production rate (m?d) has also been evaluated as a function of the abovementioned parameters related to the collector and MSF system. A numerical model has been prepared to solve the temperature pro?le of the DASC system which is solved using ?nite difference implicit method (FDM) with the help of MATLAB. The numerical model for MSF desalination system is also prepared and solved in MATLAB.
关键词： Nano?uid,Once-through,Solar energy,Desalination,Multistage ?ash
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Analysis and Optimization of a Microchannel Heat Sink with V-Ribs Using Nanofluids for Micro Solar Cells
摘要： It is crucial to control the temperature of solar cells for enhancing e?ciency with the increasing power intensity of multiple photovoltaic systems. In order to improve the heat transfer e?ciency, a microchannel heat sink (MCHS) with V-ribs using a water-based nano?uid as a coolant for micro solar cells was designed. Numerical simulations were carried out to investigate the ?ows and heat transfers in the MCHS when the Reynolds number ranges from 200 to 1000. The numerical results showed that the periodically arranged V-ribs can interrupt the thermal boundary, induce chaotic convection, increase heat transfer area, and subsequently improve the heat transfer performance of a MCHS. In addition, the preferential values of the geometric parameters of V-ribs and the physical parameters of the nano?uid were obtained on the basis of the Nusselt numbers at identical pump power. For MCHS with V-ribs on both the top and bottom wall, preferential values of V-rib are rib width d/W = 1, ?are angle α = 75°, rib height hr/H = 0.3, and ratio of two slant sides b/a = 0.75, respectively. This can provide sound foundations for the design of a MCHS in micro solar cells.
关键词： nano?uid,heat transfer enhancement,micro solar cell,microchannel heat sink,V-ribs
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Investigation of CoSO4-based Ag nanofluids as spectral beam splitters for hybrid PV/T applications
摘要： Nano?uid can be used as an e?ective spectral beam splitter to enhance the performance of hybrid PV/T system. In this work, we innovatively developed CoSO4-based Ag nano?uid which might be utilized as ?uid optical ?lter for hybrid PV/T system with silicon concentrator (CPV) solar cell. Firstly, highly dispersed Ag/CoSO4 nano?uids with various concentrations were prepared. The results from the measured optical transmittance of the prepared nano?uids show that Ag/CoSO4 nano?uid has a strong absorption over a broader spectrum than that of water-based one. Subsequently, the e?ect of Ag nano?uids ?lters on the electrical performance of the silicon CPV cell was discussed. Ag/CoSO4 nano?uids produce lower short circuit current and thus lower electrical output than Ag/water nano?uids at the same mass fraction of Ag nanoparticles, whereas they yield higher stagnation temperature than Ag/water nano?uids. A theoretical model for optimizing the optical properties of the nano?uids ?lters and determining merit function (MF) was introduced to evaluate the ?ltering performance of Ag/CoSO4 nano?uids in PV/T systems. The results show that the MF value of PV/T system with Ag/CoSO4-2 nano?uid ?lter is greater than both that with a typical Ag-SiO2 (core-shell)/water nano?uid ?lter and with a Ag/water nano?uid ?lter. And the calculated MF values for PV/T systems with Ag/CoSO4 nano?uid ?lters reach a nearly constant value higher than 1.371 when the mass fraction of Ag nanoparticles contained in the Ag/CoSO4 nano?uid ranging from 24 ppm to 57 ppm. Peak MF value is achieved when the mass fraction of Ag nanoparticles is 37 ppm.
关键词： CoSO4-based,Spectral beam splitter,Solar energy,Silicon concentrator cell,Nano?uid,PV/T
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36