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Silicon‐Based Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Biomolecules: A Progress Report
摘要： Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) is widely used in the biomedical field for the label-free analysis of molecules such as drugs, lipids, peptides, proteins, and biological tissues for molecular imaging. However, organic matrices used in traditional MALDI-MS applications introduce excessive interferences in the low m/z range. For this reason, nanostructured materials—and in particular silicon-based LDI strategies—have become a promising alternative, since they provide a much weaker background. Herein, the recent developments in fabrication, functionalization, and practical applications of silicon-based LDI-MS methods are reviewed. Also the basic requirements of silicon-based substrates for optimal LDI analysis by providing an overview of the LDI mechanisms that use silicon-based substrates instead of organic matrices are reported. Finally, the considerable potential of silicon-based substrates is discussed, giving suggestions for topics for future research.
关键词： silicon nanostructures,laser desorption ionization (LDI),surface functionalization,mass spectrometry imaging (MSI)
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Self‐Assembled Room Temperature Multiferroic BiFeO <sub/>3</sub> ‐LiFe <sub/>5</sub> O <sub/>8</sub> Nanocomposites
摘要： Multiferroic materials have driven significant research interest due to their promising technological potential. Developing new room-temperature multiferroics and understanding their fundamental properties are important to reveal unanticipated physical phenomena and potential applications. Here, a new room temperature multiferroic nanocomposite comprised of an ordered ferrimagnetic spinel α-LiFe5O8 (LFO) and a ferroelectric perovskite BiFeO3 (BFO) is presented. It is observed that lithium (Li)-doping in BFO favors the formation of LFO spinel as a secondary phase during the synthesis of LixBi1?xFeO3 ceramics. Multimodal functional and chemical imaging methods are used to map the relationship between doping-induced phase separation and local ferroic properties in both the BFO-LFO composite ceramics and self-assembled nanocomposite thin films. The energetics of phase separation in Li doped BFO and the formation of BFO-LFO composites are supported by first principles calculations. These findings shed light on Li’s role in the formation of a functionally important room temperature multiferroic and open a new approach in the synthesis of light element doped nanocomposites for future energy, sensing, and memory applications.
关键词： light element doping,thin film nanostructures,multiferroics,nanoferroic properties,scanning probe microscopy,self-assembled nanocomposites
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Laser-induced self-assembly of quantum dots: Deterministic case versus brownian case
摘要： The process of aggregation of two colloidal quantum dots in the field of quasiresonant laser radiation is investigated via computer simulation. The cases of either completely deterministic movement of particles or the movement with the account for random forces are considered. The conditions of pair formation are determined in dependence on initial interparticle distance, on laser wavelength, and on their initial orientation with respect to polarization plane of laser radiation. It is shown that despite velocity of thermal motion dominates over the velocity of directional diffusion of quantum dots, the account for random forces weakly influences on the probability of pair formation, the latter being close to results obtained in the deterministic case. The reason for this weak influence of Brownian movement is the resonant increase of electrodynamics attraction force during certain time interval within the laser pulse.
关键词： Self-assembly of nanostructures,Laser field,Dipole-dipole interaction,Brownian dynamics
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by Anatase TiO2 Nanopyramid Arrays with Oriented Electric Field
摘要： One-dimensional (1D) nanostructured oxides have been proposed as excellent electron transport materials (ETMs) for perovskite solar cells (PSCs), but this has not yet been demonstrated experimentally. Here, we exploit a facile hydrothermal approach to grow highly oriented anatase TiO2 nanopyramid arrays and further demonstrate their advantages for application in PSCs. The oriented TiO2 nanopyramid arrays afford sufficient contact area for electron extraction and increase light transmission. Moreover, the nanopyramid array/perovskite system exhibits an oriented electric field that can increase charge separation and accelerate charge transport, thereby suppressing charge recombination. As a result, the anatase TiO2 nanopyramid arrays-PSCs deliver a champion power conversion efficiency of ~22.5%, which is the highest PCE reported thus far for PSCs consisting of 1D ETMs. This work demonstrates that the rational design of 1D ETMs can achieve PSCs that perform as well as typical mesoscopic and planar PSCs.
关键词： Anatase TiO2,Electric field distribution,Perovskite solar cells,One-dimensional nanostructures,Nanopyramid arrays
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Colloidal Assembly of Aua??Quantum Dota??Au Sandwiched Nanostructures with Strong Plasmona??Exciton Coupling
摘要： Strong plasmon-exciton coupling could occur in hybrid metal-dye/semiconductor nanostructures, where the fast energy exchange between plasmons and excitons leads to two new eigenmodes of the system, known as Rabi splitting. In experiment, strongly coupled nanosystems are difficult to obtain because they require some strict conditions, such as low plasmonic damping, small plasmon mode volume, and good spectral overlap. This work demonstrates strongly coupled metal-semiconductor nanostructures can be constructed using colloidal assembly. Specifically, sandwiched Au-QD-Au nanostructures were created through the assembly of Au nanoparticles and colloidal quantum dots (QDs). The sizes of the QDs and the assembly conditions were varied to control the mode volume of the plasmonic cavity formed between the two Au nanoparticles. With decreased gap size, Rabi splitting was observed in both dark-field scattering and fluorescence spectra of single Au-QD-Au nanostructures. Theoretical simulations revealed that the strong coupling occurred between the excitons and the octupolar plasmon modes.
关键词： Au-QD-Au nanostructures,Rabi splitting,octupolar plasmon modes,plasmon-exciton coupling,colloidal assembly
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Novel Nanoplasmonic Structure based Integrated Microfluidic Biosensors for Label-Free in Situ Immune Functional Analysis
摘要： The study of immune functional responses is essential to understanding the central role of the immune system in providing immunological host defense and its intercommunication with other systems. The recent development of integrated microfluidic cytokine biosensors has established a new paradigm to identify, isolate, and study immune cell subtypes, cell functions, and intercellular communications that constitute those responses. In this minireview, we highlight the most recent progress in label-free cytokine detection based on localized surface plasmon resonance optical sensing. We present the applications of newly identified plasmonic nanostructures and the integration with advanced microfluidic devices for novel lab-on-a-chip biosensing systems and discuss the associated challenges and future perspective of such integrative sensing technologies for next-generation immune functional analysis.
关键词： immune functional responses,localized surface plasmon resonance,microfluidic cytokine biosensors,plasmonic nanostructures,lab-on-a-chip biosensing systems
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Nanostructures for Light Trapping in Thin Film Solar Cells
摘要： Thin ?lm solar cells are one of the important candidates utilized to reduce the cost of photovoltaic production by minimizing the usage of active materials. However, low light absorption due to low absorption coe?cient and/or insu?cient active layer thickness can limit the performance of thin ?lm solar cells. Increasing the absorption of light that can be converted into electrical current in thin ?lm solar cells is crucial for enhancing the overall e?ciency and in reducing the cost. Therefore, light trapping strategies play a signi?cant role in achieving this goal. The main objectives of light trapping techniques are to decrease incident light re?ection, increase the light absorption, and modify the optical response of the device for use in di?erent applications. Nanostructures utilize key sets of approaches to achieve these objectives, including gradual refractive index matching, and coupling incident light into guided modes and localized plasmon resonances, as well as surface plasmon polariton modes. In this review, we discuss some of the recent developments in the design and implementation of nanostructures for light trapping in solar cells. These include the development of solar cells containing photonic and plasmonic nanostructures. The distinct bene?ts and challenges of these schemes are also explained and discussed.
关键词： solar cells,plasmonic nanostructures,light trapping,thin ?lms,photonic nanostructures
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Ga(In)AsP Lateral Nanostructures as the Optical Component of GaAs-Based Photovoltaic Converters
摘要： The possibility of using lateral Ga(In)AsP nanostructures grown by the catalytic method in a quasi-closed volume from phosphorus and indium vapors on the GaAs (100) surface as an antireflection coating for photovoltaic devices is considered for the first time. It is shown that, at a fixed growth temperature, it is possible to control the surface morphology by changing the growth duration. The surface morphology is examined by scanning electron and atomic force microscopies. It is shown that the antireflection properties of the surface in the range 400–800 nm are related to its structure. The use of such a coating in GaAs-based photocells demonstrated a significant increase in the external quantum yield of photovoltaic converters.
关键词： Ga(In)AsP,nanostructures,antireflection coating,catalytic growth
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Metal Nano Networks by Potential‐Controlled In Situ Assembling of Gold/Silver Nanoparticles
摘要： Non-spherical Au/Ag nanoparticles can be generated by chemical reduction of silver ions in the presence of preformed gold nanoparticles. The process of particle formation can be controlled by concentrations of ligands and reducing agent. The formation of ellipsoidal, nanorod- and peanut-shaped nanoparticles as well as of more complex fractal nanoassemblies can be explained by changes in particle surface state, electrochemical potential formation and particle-internal self-polarization effects. It is possible to create highly fractal nanoassemblies with sizes between the mid-nanometer and the lower micrometer range. The assemblies are marked by high optical absorption and complex nano-networks of very high surface-to-volume ratios and a granular base structure.
关键词： metal nano-networks,silver,nonspherical nanoparticles,self-polarization effects,bimetallic nanostructures
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Ultrasensitive SERS-Based Plasmonic Sensor with Analyte Enrichment System Produced by Direct Laser Writing
摘要： We report an easy-to-implement device for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based detection of various analytes dissolved in water droplets at trace concentrations. The device combines an analyte-enrichment system and SERS-active sensor site, both produced via inexpensive and high-performance direct femtosecond (fs)-laser printing. Fabricated on a surface of water-repellent polytetrafluoroethylene substrate as an arrangement of micropillars, the analyte-enrichment system supports evaporating water droplet in the Cassie–Baxter superhydrophobic state, thus ensuring delivery of the dissolved analyte molecules towards the hydrophilic SERS-active site. The efficient pre-concentration of the analyte onto the sensor site based on densely arranged spiky plasmonic nanotextures results in its subsequent label-free identification by means of SERS spectroscopy. Using the proposed device, we demonstrate reliable SERS-based fingerprinting of various analytes, including common organic dyes and medical drugs at ppb concentrations. The proposed device is believed to find applications in various areas, including label-free environmental monitoring, medical diagnostics, and forensics.
关键词： SERS,direct laser processing,femtosecond laser pulses,medical drugs,superhydrophobic textures,plasmonic nanostructures,analyte enrichment
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52