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One-Dimensional Nanostructures: Microfluidic-Based Synthesis, Alignment and Integration towards Functional Sensing Devices
摘要： Micro?uidic-based synthesis of one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures offers tremendous advantages over bulk approaches e.g., the laminar ?ow, reduced sample consumption and control of self-assembly of nanostructures. In addition to the synthesis, the integration of 1D nanomaterials into micro?uidic chips can enable the development of diverse functional microdevices. 1D nanomaterials have been used in applications such as catalysts, electronic instrumentation and sensors for physical parameters or chemical compounds and biomolecules and hence, can be considered as building blocks. Here, we outline and critically discuss promising strategies for micro?uidic-assisted synthesis, alignment and various chemical and biochemical applications of 1D nanostructures. In particular, the use of 1D nanostructures for sensing chemical/biological compounds are reviewed.
关键词： alignment,micro?uidics,nanosensor,one-dimensional nanostructures,continuous ?ow
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Temperature dependent photoluminescence of surfactant assisted electrochemically synthesized ZnSe nanostructures
摘要： In the present study, the zinc selenide (ZnSe) nanostructures developed by a cost-effective and straightforward electrodeposition method on tin-doped indium oxide (ITO). To examine the effect of surfactant on ZnSe nanostructure, Triethanolamine, Triton X-100, Hydrazine hydrate, and Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid were the surfactants. The ZnSe nanostructures synthesized at 338K by applying constant current density. The ZnSe nanorods, nanospheres, and nano-syringes developed using the galvanostatic mode of electrodeposition with the addition of different surfactant. The ZnSe nanostructures are characterized using various analytical tools. The X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), FT-Raman spectroscopy (FR-Raman), FTIR spectrum and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) are used to study structural properties. The UV-Vis spectroscopy is used to examine optical behavior. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) engaged to study morphological features and the role of surfactant in the formation of ZnSe nanostructures. The spectrofluorometer is used to study the photoluminescence properties of ZnSe nanostructures. The present study focuses on the study of the role of surfactant in the development of ZnSe nanostructures and consequent temperature dependent photoluminescence properties. In the temperature dependent photoluminescence, the emission intensity is observed to vary with changing temperature.
关键词： Photoluminescence,Electrodeposition,Nanostructures
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Hierarchical zinc oxide nanorings with superior sensing properties
摘要： Morphology controlled hydrothermal synthesis techniques have been realised to produce hierarchical zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures with high surface-to-volume ratios and more exposed polar facets. Hierarchical ZnO nanorings (HNRs) were produced by growing secondary nanowires (NWs) on initial mono-morphological nanodisks (NDs). In the two steps of growth process, zinc sulphate and zinc nitrate were used as the source of zinc ions, respectively. In comparison with NWs and NDs, the grown HNRs showed more enhanced performance as gas sensors. HNRs were substantially sensitive and faster in responding to acetone. This high performance in gas sensing is due to the increased surface-to-volume ratio and small size of the NW building blocks as well as the increased proportion of (0 0 0 1) polar facets. This work represents a guide to structure induced improvement of sensing properties by controlling the morphology of nanostructures.
关键词： Nanostructures,Sensor,Zinc oxide,Nanowires,Hydrothermal synthesis
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Nonlinear light generation in topological nanostructures
摘要： Topological photonics has emerged as a route to robust optical circuitry protected against disorder and now includes demonstrations such as topologically protected lasing and single-photon transport. Recently, nonlinear optical topological structures have attracted special theoretical interest, as they enable tuning of topological properties by a change in the light intensity and can break optical reciprocity to realize full topological protection. However, so far, non-reciprocal topological states have only been realized using magneto-optical materials and macroscopic set-ups with external magnets, which is not feasible for nanoscale integration. Here we report the observation of a third-harmonic signal from a topologically non-trivial zigzag array of dielectric nanoparticles and the demonstration of strong enhancement of the nonlinear photon generation at the edge states of the array. The signal enhancement is due to the interaction between the Mie resonances of silicon nanoparticles and the topological localization of the electric field at the edges. The system is also robust against various perturbations and structural defects. Moreover, we show that the interplay between topology, bi-anisotropy and nonlinearity makes parametric photon generation tunable and non-reciprocal. Our study brings nonlinear topological photonics concepts to the realm of nanoscience.
关键词： Silicon nanoparticles,Nonlinear light generation,Third-harmonic signal,Mie resonances,Topological nanostructures
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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In Situ Creation of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Active Au–AuO <i> <sub/>x</sub></i> Nanostructures through Electrochemical Process for Pigment Detection
摘要： Roughing the metallic surface via oxidation?reduction cycles (ORC) to integrate the surface plasmon resonance and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is predominant in developing sensor systems because of the facile preparation and uniform distribution of nanostructures. Herein, we proposed a distinctive ORC process: the forward potential passed through the oxidation of Au and reached the oxygen evolution reaction, and once the potential brie?y remained at the vertex, the various reverse rates were employed to control the reduction state. The created hybrid Au?AuOx possessed electromagnetic and chemical enhancements concurrently, wherein the rough surface provided the strong local electromagnetic ?elds and signi?cant interaction between AuOx and molecule to improve the charge transfer. The synergistic e?ects signi?cantly ampli?ed the intensity of Raman signal with an enhancement factor of 5.5 × 106 under the optimal conditions. Furthermore, the prepared SERS substrate can simultaneously identify and quantify the mixed edible pigments, Brilliant Blue FCF and Indigo Carmine, individually. This result suggested that the development of SERS sensor based on the proposed SERS-activated methodology is feasible and reliable.
关键词： Au?AuOx nanostructures,electrochemical process,surface-enhanced Raman scattering,pigment detection
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Enzyme Biosensing Based on Zinc Oxide Nanostructures as Active Surface
摘要： Ag/ZnO mesostructures deposited onto substrates different were analysed in order to use ZnO as bioactive surface. This paper presents the results obtained at the eNDE of strips gratings deposited on different substrates used as bioactive surface using the EM sensor with MM lens in order to improve the emphasizing of the evanescent waves appeared when the slits of MSG are filled with immobilized enzymes.
关键词： EM sensor,enzyme biosensing,bioactive surface,evanescent waves,ZnO nanostructures
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Noise Behavior and Implementation of Interferometer-Based Broadband VNA
摘要： This paper analyzes and accurately models the complex noise behavior of vector network analyzers (VNAs) when measuring large-mismatch devices and subsequently shows how the VNA measurement noise performance is enhanced through implementation of a high-speed, broadband, active RF interferometer module. The presented VNA noise model provides a solid framework, benchmarked by measurement data, to analyze existing RF interferometer approaches. The performance improvement of the proposed interferometer implementation is then benchmarked in terms of magnitude and phase stability of the renormalized impedance level. A test bench employing the novel add-on RF interferometer module is presented and demonstrated to achieve high-speed cancellation of the scattered wave over a broad frequency band. The first experiment shows ultralow noise in a 1–18 GHz broadband measurement of co-planar waveguide 0.5-Ω and 5-kΩ impedance standards. Employing the proposed hardware setup improves the noise uncertainty for the 5-kΩ impedance standard by a factor of 8 and 20 at 1 and 18 GHz, respectively. In the second experiment, a factor of 2 height-resolution enhancement is achieved in a scanning microwave microscope when the RF interferometer module is added to the instrument.
关键词： vector network analyzer (VNA),impedance mismatch,noise,Extreme impedance measurement,microwave interferometry,nanoelectronics,nanostructures
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Characterization and Photocatalytic Performance of Potassium-Doped Titanium Oxide Nanostructures Prepared via Wet Corrosion of Titanium Microspheres
摘要： Potassium doped titanium oxide (KTiOx) nanowires were prepared by the wet corrosion process (WCP) and their photocatalytic effects were systematically characterized. For the synthesis of KTiOx, the potassium hydroxide concentration of the WCP was varied in order to obtain nanostructures with different surface area and surface charge. Structural and crystalline properties of KTiOx were studied by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Chemical composition was determined by X-ray fluorescence and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. Photocatalytic performance was investigated as a function of the surface area, pH, and crystalline structures by studying the degradation of methylene blue, cardiogreen, and azorubine red dyes upon UV irradiation. The negatively charged crystalline KTiOx nanostructures with high surface area showed significantly higher photocatalytic degradation compared to their TiOx counterpart. They also showed high efficiency for recovery and re-use. Annealing KTiOx nanostructures improved structural properties leading to well-ordered layered structures and improved photocatalysis. However, annealing at temperatures higher than 600 °C yielded formation of rutile grains at the surface of nanowires, significantly affecting the photocatalytic performance. We believe that KTiOx nanostructures produced by WCP are very promising for photocatalysis, especially due to their high photocatalytic efficiency as well as their potential for re-use and durability.
关键词： Titanium Core Shell,KTiOx,Wet Corrosion Process,Photocatalysis,Nanostructures
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Large Scale Synthesis of ZnO Nanostructures of Different Morphologies through Solvent-free Mechanochemical Synthesis and their Application in Photocatalytic Dye Degradation
摘要： Well crystalline, near-stoichiometric zinc oxide nanostructures of different morphologies are fabricated in large scale, utilizing a simple, cost effective mechanochemical synthesis in absence of solvent. Effects of ionic and nonionic surfactants along with the concentration of hydrolyzing agent on the evolution of nanostructure morphology have been studied. It has been observed that while a cationic surfactant such as Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB) favors the nanostructures to growth along their polar c-axis, a nonionic surfactant such as Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) reduces their preferred c-axis growth. Increase of hydrolyzing agent in the reaction mixture enhances the growth rate of the nanostructures. The nanostructures have been tested for photodegradation of anionic dye molecules such as Methylene Blue (MB). All the nanostructures manifest high photocatalytic performance. Apart from morphology, the specific surface area, crystal plane orientation and the concentration of basic sites at surface are seen to contribute significantly to the photocatalytic performance of the zinc oxide nanostructures.
关键词： Mechanochemical Synthesis,Photocatalysis,Nanostructures,ZnO,Dye Degradation
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Low-Dimensional Materials and State-of-the-Art Architectures for Infrared Photodetection
摘要： Infrared photodetectors are gaining remarkable interest due to their widespread civil and military applications. Low-dimensional materials such as quantum dots, nanowires, and two-dimensional nanolayers are extensively employed for detecting ultraviolet to infrared lights. Moreover, in conjunction with plasmonic nanostructures and plasmonic waveguides, they exhibit appealing performance for practical applications, including sub-wavelength photon confinement, high response time, and functionalities. In this review, we have discussed recent advances and challenges in the prospective infrared photodetectors fabricated by low-dimensional nanostructured materials. In general, this review systematically summarizes the state-of-the-art device architectures, major developments, and future trends in infrared photodetection.
关键词： plasmonic waveguides,infrared photodetectors,nanostructures
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14