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Nonfullerene acceptors comprising a naphthalene core for high efficiency organic solar cells
摘要： A fused-ring electron acceptor (FREA) NDIC is designed and synthesized. Inspired by IDIC, NDIC was constructed by replacing the benzene with a naphthalene ring in its core unit. IDIC exhibits an optical bandgap of 1.60 eV and a lower lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level of ?3.92 eV. In comparison, NDIC displays an optical band gap of 1.72 eV and a higher lying LUMO energy level of ?3.88 eV. Due to the higher energy level, inverted devices based on NDIC exhibit a higher open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.90 V, which is much higher than that of IDIC (0.77 V). After a series of optimizations, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.43% was obtained with a PBDB-T:NDIC blend active layer, in comparison, a PCE of 9.19% was achieved based on IDIC. Our results demonstrate that a tiny variation in the molecular structure could dramatically affect the optical and electrochemical properties, and thus the photovoltaic performance.
关键词： Nonfullerene acceptors,organic solar cells,fused-ring electron acceptor,photovoltaic performance,naphthalene core
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Nonfullerene Small-Molecule Acceptors with Extended Optical Absorption Based on the “Spliced” Strategy for Organic Solar Cells
摘要： How to broaden the optical absorption of photovoltaic materials is one of the key issues in the design of high-performance organic solar cells. Nowadays, the sunlight of 400–550 nm wavelength range is not effectively utilized for most small-molecule nonfullerene acceptors. In this work, we proposed the “spliced” strategy of combining the acceptor–donor–acceptor type narrow band-gap small molecules and wide-band-gap perylene diimide (PDI) moieties via a flexible alkyl chain linkage, which could give the superposition effect of the absorption spectra, and three small-molecule acceptors (S1, S2, and S3) were designed based on various end-capping groups with different electron withdrawing abilities. Encouragingly, the as-constructed molecules can well make use of 400–550 nm sunlight with two independent absorption regions. Meanwhile, the aggregation of S1 with a highly planar end-capping group was dominated by both the PDI unit and main skeleton, while S2 and S3 exhibited PDI-controlled aggregation. When fabricated into organic solar cells, S1-based devices achieved a superior efficiency of 3.41% in comparison with those of the other two. The poor photovoltaic performance could be attributed to severe PDI aggregation, which can hinder the charge transfer through the main skeletons. This work could provide a new perspective to modulate optical absorption through the spliced strategy.
关键词： Organic solar cells,spliced strategy,aggregation,optical absorption,nonfullerene acceptor
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Rationally pairing photoactive materials for high-performance polymer solar cells with efficiency of 16.53%
摘要： The emergence of non-fullerene acceptors (NFA) offers a promising opportunity to develop high-performance donor/acceptor pairs with high power conversion efficiency, as NFAs offer tunable energy levels, broad absorption and suitable aggregation property. In order to enhance light-harvesting capability of active layers, we choose a wide bandgap polymer PTQ10 as the donor to blend with a narrow bandgap NFA Y6 as the acceptor. In comparison with PTQ10:IDIC blend, ~130 nm red-shifted absorption spectrum is observed in the PTQ10:Y6 blend, which potentially enhance the short-circuit current density (Jsc) for the PSCs. In addition, the optimal PTQ10:Y6 blend shows higher photoluminescence quenching efficiency and more efficient charge separation, higher charge mobilities, as well as weaker bimolecular recombination over the PTQ10:IDIC blend, which leads to an outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.53%, with a notable Jsc of 26.65 mA cm?2 and fill factor (FF) of 0.751.
关键词： nonfullerene acceptor,power conversion efficiency,polymer donor,polymer solar cells
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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High Performance Thick‐Film Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells with Efficiency over 10% and Active Layer Thickness of 600 nm
摘要： Developing efficient organic solar cells (OSCs) with relatively thick active layer compatible with the roll to roll large area printing process is an inevitable requirement for the commercialization of this field. However, typical laboratory OSCs generally exhibit active layers with optimized thickness around 100 nm and very low thickness tolerance, which cannot be suitable for roll to roll process. In this work, high performance of thick-film organic solar cells employing a nonfullerene acceptor F–2Cl and a polymer donor PM6 is demonstrated. High power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 13.80% in the inverted structure device and 12.83% in the conventional structure device are achieved under optimized conditions. PCE of 9.03% is obtained for the inverted device with active layer thickness of 500 nm. It is worth noting that the conventional structure device still maintains the PCE of over 10% when the film thickness of the active layer is 600 nm, which is the highest value for the NF-OSCs with such a large active layer thickness. It is found that the performance difference between the thick active layer films based conventional and inverted devices is attributed to their different vertical phase separation in the active layers.
关键词： halogenation,thick-film organic solar cells,nonfullerene acceptors
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Use of the Phen‐NaDPO:Sn(SCN) <sub/>2</sub> Blend as Electron Transport Layer Results to Consistent Efficiency Improvements in Organic and Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： A simple approach that enables a consistent enhancement of the electron extracting properties of the widely used small-molecule Phen-NaDPO and its application in organic solar cells (OSCs) is reported. It is shown that addition of minute amounts of the inorganic molecule Sn(SCN)2 into Phen-NaDPO improves both the electron transport and its film-forming properties. Use of Phen-NaDPO:Sn(SCN)2 blend as the electron transport layer (ETL) in binary PM6:IT-4F OSCs leads to a remarkable increase in the cells’ power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 12.6% (Phen-NaDPO) to 13.5% (Phen-NaDPO:Sn(SCN)2). Combining the hybrid ETL with the best-in-class organic ternary PM6:Y6:PC70BM systems results to a similarly remarkable PCE increase from 14.2% (Phen-NaDPO) to 15.6% (Phen-NaDPO:Sn(SCN)2). The consistent PCE enhancement is attributed to reduced trap-assisted carrier recombination at the bulk-heterojunction/ETL interface due to the presence of new energy states formed upon chemical interaction of Phen-NaDPO with Sn(SCN)2. The versatility of this hybrid ETL is further demonstrated with its application in perovskite solar cells for which an increase in the PCE from 16.6% to 18.2% is also demonstrated.
关键词： electron transporting layers,organic photovoltaics,Phen-NaDPO,nonfullerene acceptors,tin (II) thiocyanate
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Perylene Diimide‐Based Nonfullerene Polymer Solar Cells with over 11% Efficiency Fabricated by Smart Molecular Design and Supramolecular Morphology Optimization
摘要： A series of perylene diimide (PDI) derivatives, TPP-PDI, TPO-PDI, and TPS-PDI, are developed for nonfullerene polymer solar cells (NF-PSCs) by flaking three PDI skeletons around 3D central cores with different configurations and electronic states, such as triphenylphosphine (TPP), triphenylphosphine monoxide (TPO), and triphenylphosphine sulfide (TPS). These small-molecule acceptors have a “three-wing propeller” structure due to their similar backbones. By changing the electron density of phosphorus atoms through oxidation and sulfuration, the “folding-back” strength is decreased, resulting in a less twisted molecular conformation. The stronger electron-withdrawing ability of the oxygen atom affords TPO-PDI the least twisted conformation, which enhances the crystallinity of this complex. NF-PSCs based on PTTEA:TPO-PDI exhibit a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.65%. Ultimately, the joint “molecular lock” effect arising from OH???F and OH???OP supramolecular interactions is achieved by introducing 4,4′-biphenol as an additive, which successfully promotes fibril-like phase separation and blend morphology optimization to generate the highest PCE of 11.01%, which is currently the highest value recorded for NF-PSCs based on PDI acceptors.
关键词： triphenylphosphine oxide cores,nonfullerene polymer solar cells,molecular locks,hydrogen bonds,perylene diimide acceptors
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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A Novel Carbazole Based Nonfullerene Acceptor for High‐Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells
摘要： Two novel nonfullerene acceptors 4TFIC-4F and 4TCIC-4F are designed based on fluorene and carbazole. Compared with 4TFIC-4F, 4TCIC-4F exhibited higher LUMO level and narrower optical bandgap. Therefore, Polymer solar cells based on PBDB-T-2Cl:4TCIC-4F achieve a high power conversion efficiency of 13.02%, which is the highest value for the carbazole-containing nonfullerene acceptors based devices.
关键词： Morphology,Nonfullerene acceptors,Donor core,Energy levels,Polymer solar cells
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Low-bandgap D-A1-D-A2 type copolymers based on TPTI unit for efficient fullerene and nonfullerene polymer solar cells
摘要： To obtain low-bandgap polymers paired well with fullerene and nonfullerene acceptors, here we adopted a D-A1-D-A2 motif to develop two new low-bandgap copolymers PTPTI-T-BDD and PTPTI-T-FBT, where thiophene was used as the D unit, thieno[2,3-b:5,6-b′]pyrido[3,4-g]thieno[3,2-c]-isoquinoline-5,11(4H,10H)-dione (TPTI) was used as the A1 unit, and benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene-4,8-dione (BDD) and 5,6-difluoro-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (FBT) were employed as the A2 unit, respectively. Effects of the electron-withdrawing strength of A2 unit on optoelectronic and photovoltaic properties of the PTPTI-T-BDD- and PTPTI-T-FBT-based fullerene and nonfullerene polymer solar cells (PSCs) were systematically investigated. When blended with PC71BM and ITIC, PTPTI-T-FBT-based PSCs showed a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.20% and 6.03%, respectively, both of which are higher than that of PTPTI-T-BDD-based PSCs. Furthermore, ternary PSCs based on PBDB-T:PTPTI-T-FBT:PC71BM exhibited an improved PCE of 7.92%. This work suggests that constructing D-A1-D-A2 copolymers is a promising strategy to develop low-bandgap copolymers for efficient fullerene and nonfullerene PSCs with a reduced energy loss.
关键词： D-A1-D-A2 copolymers,TPTI,Fullerene and nonfullerene PSCs
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Solution-Processable All-Small-Molecule for High-Performance Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells with High Crystallinity Acceptor
摘要： In this work, two small molecule acceptors (IDIC and IDIC-4F) with different crystallinity and energy level have been successfully applied in nonfullerene-based all-small molecule organic solar cells (NFASM-OSCs). The donor of DFDT(DPP)2 was chosen because of complementary absorption with IDIC and IDIC-4F. As acceptor, IDIC-4F exhibited a higher PCE than IDIC due to better crystallinity. This work not only shows us how to balance the relationship between Voc and Jsc, but also suggests us how to get a good phase separation morphology. Moreover, Increased crystallinity helps to inhibit bimolecular recombination and increase charge mobility. By optimizing device preparation conditions, the best PCE of 9.43% for DFDT(DPP)2 : IDIC-4F as active layer was achieved with excitable Jsc (16.83 mA cm-2) and FF (0.65). The FF and Jsc of resultant device show a significant increased which is among the top efficiencies based on DPP as terminal acceptor groups of NFSM-OSCs reported in document up to now.
关键词： crystallinity,small molecule acceptors,phase separation morphology,nonfullerene organic solar cells,charge mobility
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Designing High Performance Nonfullerene Electron Acceptors with Rylene Imides for Efficient Organic Photovoltaics
摘要： Improving carrier mobility, redox stability, blend morphology, and photovoltaic performance while elucidating structure-property relationships remain important design goals for nonfullerene electron acceptors (NFAs) for organic solar cells. Although numerous NFAs have been created from rylene diimide electron-deficient building blocks, they have showed far inferior photovoltaic properties compared to benchmark fused-ring electron acceptors (FREAs) such as ITIC. Herein we show that new bis(naphthalene-imide)arylenelidenes (BNIAs), incorporating rylene-imide end-capping groups via methine bridges in donor-acceptor architectures, are endowed with enhanced electrochemical redox stability, high carrier mobilities, and high photovoltaic performance. Pairing of those BNIAs that are also FREAs, NIDT and NIBT, respectively with donor polymer PBDB-T produced 10.0-10.8% efficient photovoltaic devices, which are comparable to benchmark ITIC devices. Blends of FREAs NIDT and NIBT and those of non-FREA NITV were found to have similar electron mobility, demonstrating that the much higher photovoltaic efficiency of NIDT and NIBT devices does not originate from enhanced charge transport but from differences in blend morphology and blend photophysics. The results demonstrate that incorporating rylene imides into molecular architectures through methine-bridged donor-acceptor coupling motif is a promising design strategy towards more efficient and electrochemically rugged materials for organic solar cells.
关键词： organic photovoltaics,carrier mobility,redox stability,photovoltaic performance,nonfullerene electron acceptors,rylene imides
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04