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Micromanipulation of Mechanically Compliant Organic Single-Crystal Optical Microwaveguides
摘要： Flexible organic single crystals are evolving as new materials for optical waveguides that can be used for transfer of information in organic optoelectronic microcircuits. Integration in microelectronics of such crystalline waveguides requires downsizing and precise spatial control over their shape and size at the microscale, however that currently is not possible due to difficulties with manipulation of these small, brittle objects that are prone to cracking and disintegration. Here we demonstrate that atomic force microscopy (AFM) can be used to reshape, resize and relocate single-crystal microwaveguides in order to attain spatial control over their light output. Using an AFM cantilever tip, mechanically compliant acicular microcrystals of three N-benzylideneanilines were bent to an arbitrary angle, sliced along their longest axis into thinner crystals, cut into shorter crystals of arbitrary length, and moved across a solid surface. When excited by using laser light, such bent microcrystals act as active optical microwaveguides that transduce their fluorescence, with the total intensity of transduced light being dependent on the optical path length. This micromanipulation of the crystal waveguides using AFM is non-invasive, and after bending their emissive spectral output remains unaltered. The approach reported here effectively overcomes the difficulties that are commonly encountered with reshaping and positioning of small delicate objects (the “thick fingers” problem), and can be applied to mechanically reconfigure organic optical waveguides in order to attain spatial control over their output in two and three dimensions in optical microcircuits.
关键词： organic single crystals,micromanipulation,N-benzylideneanilines,atomic force microscopy,optical waveguides
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Micromanipulation of Mechanically Compliant Organic Single-Crystal Optical Microwaveguides
摘要： Flexible organic single crystals are evolving as new materials for optical waveguides that can be used for transfer of information in organic optoelectronic microcircuits. Integration in microelectronics of such crystalline waveguides requires downsizing and precise spatial control over their shape and size at the microscale, however that currently is not possible due to difficulties with manipulation of these small, brittle objects that are prone to cracking and disintegration. Here we demonstrate that atomic force microscopy (AFM) can be used to reshape, resize and relocate single-crystal microwaveguides in order to attain spatial control over their light output. Using an AFM cantilever tip, mechanically compliant acicular microcrystals of three N-benzylideneanilines were bent to an arbitrary angle, sliced along their longest axis into thinner crystals, cut into shorter crystals of arbitrary length, and moved across a solid surface. When excited by using laser light, such bent microcrystals act as active optical microwaveguides that transduce their fluorescence, with the total intensity of transduced light being dependent on the optical path length. This micromanipulation of the crystal waveguides using AFM is non-invasive, and after bending their emissive spectral output remains unaltered. The approach reported here effectively overcomes the difficulties that are commonly encountered with reshaping and positioning of small delicate objects (the “thick fingers” problem), and can be applied to mechanically reconfigure organic optical waveguides in order to attain spatial control over their output in two and three dimensions in optical microcircuits.
关键词： organic single crystals,micromanipulation,N-benzylideneanilines,atomic force microscopy,optical waveguides
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Enhanced Energy Transfer in Doped Bifluorene Single Crystals: Prospects for Organic Lasers
摘要： Organic single crystals with long-range molecular order ensure enhanced carrier mobility and stability as well as emission outcoupling, which makes them attractive as gain medium for electrically pumped organic lasers. Unfortunately, effects of excitonic coupling introduce losses degrading optical performance in crystals, hence higher lasing thresholds are observed compared to amorphous films. Here, crystal doping strategy is investigated as a method to avoid pronounced reabsorption and annihilation losses associated with J-type excitonic coupling, while taking advantage of enhanced exciton transport for efficient energy transfer. Bifluorene-based derivatives linked with acetylene and ethylene rigid bridges are suitable as host and dopant system forming high-quality crystals doped at various concentrations (0.5–11.0%). Enhanced exciton transport in host crystal mediates picosecond host–dopant energy transfer enabling 100% transfer efficiency at lower doping concentrations compared to amorphous films. Amplified spontaneous emission threshold of 1.9 μJ cm?2 in 3.5% doped crystal is enabled by minimized exciton annihilation and emission reabsorption losses at optimal doping concentration.
关键词： long-range energy transport,organic single crystals,organic laser gain materials,amplified spontaneous emission,F?rster resonant energy transfer
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Contents: (Adv. Funct. Mater. 48/2018)
摘要： New organic three-component single crystals exhibiting large macroscopic optical nonlinearity, excellent optical quality, and efficient optical-to-THz conversion are developed using so-called 'pseudo-isomorphic cocrystallization' for nonlinear optical and THz photonic applications.
关键词： THz photonics,pseudo-isomorphic cocrystallization,organic single crystals,nonlinear optics
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46