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Diketopyrrolopyrrole Bisphosphonate Conjugate: A New Fluorescent Probe for in Vitro Bone Imaging
摘要： We report the synthesis of a conjugate molecule between an unusual red fluorescent diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) unit and a bisphosphonate (BP) precursor using the 'Click Chemistry' strategy to target bone tissue and monitor the interaction. After deep investigation, conjugation through a triazole unit between γ-azido rather than β-azido BP and an alkyne functionalized DPP fluorophore group turned out to be the winning strategy. Visualization of the DPP-BP conjugate on osteoclasts as well as the specific anti-resorption activity was successfully demonstrated.
关键词： fluorescent probe,in vitro imaging,osteoporosis,bisphosphonate,diketopyrrolopyrrole
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Quantitative imaging techniques for the assessment of osteoporosis and sarcopenia
摘要： Bone and muscle are two deeply interconnected organs and a strong relationship between them exists in their development and maintenance. The peak of both bone and muscle mass is achieved in early adulthood, followed by a progressive decline after the age of 40. The increase in life expectancy in developed countries resulted in an increase of degenerative diseases affecting the musculoskeletal system. Osteoporosis and sarcopenia represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population and are associated with a significant increase in healthcare costs. Several imaging techniques are currently available for the non-invasive investigation of bone and muscle mass and quality. Conventional radiology, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound often play a complementary role in the study of osteoporosis and sarcopenia, depicting different aspects of the same pathology. This paper presents the different imaging modalities currently used for the investigation of bone and muscle mass and quality in osteoporosis and sarcopenia with special emphasis on the clinical applications and limitations of each technique and with the intent to provide interesting insights into recent advances in the field of conventional imaging, novel high-resolution techniques and fracture risk.
关键词： sarcopenia,Osteoporosis,photon,magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),absorptiometry,multidetector computed tomography (CT)
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Effects of ultraviolet irradiation with a LED device on bone metabolism associated with vitamin D deficiency in senescence-accelerated mouse P6
摘要： Aims: This study investigated effects of narrow-range ultraviolet irradiation (UVR) by a new UV–LED device on vitamin D supply and changes of bone in senescence-accelerated mouse P6 (SAMP6) with vitamin D deficiency. Main methods: We used female SAMP6 mice as a senile osteoporotic model. We set a total of 3 groups (n ? 4 per group); D-UVRt group (vitamin D deficient–dietary and UVR), D- (vitamin D deficient–dietary), and Dt groups (vitamin D contained–dietary). Mice in the D-UVR t group were UV–irradiated (305nm) with 1 kJ/m2 twice a week for 12 weeks from 20 to 32 weeks of age. Serum 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)2D, and micro–computed tomography (CT) were assessed over time. Mechanical test, and histological assay were performed for femurs removed at 32 weeks of age. Key findings: UVR increased both serum 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D levels at 4 and 8 weeks–UVR in the D-UVRt group compared with that in the D- group (P < 0.05, respectively). Relative levels of trabecular bone mineral density in micro–CT were higher in the D-UVRt group than in the D- group at 8 weeks–UVR (P ? 0.048). The ultimate load was significantly higher in the D-UVRt group than in the D- group (P ? 0.036). In histological assay, fewer osteoclasts and less immature bone (/mature bone) could be observed in the D-UVRt group than in the D- group, significantly. Significance: UVR may have possibility to improve bone metabolism associated with vitamin D deficiency in SAMP6 mice.
关键词： Vitamin D,Musculoskeletal system,Osteoporosis,Pathology,Endocrinology,Metabolism,Bone mineral density,LED,Physiology
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Application of Laser Phoresis in Complicated Postmenopausal Osteoporosis
摘要： This study presents postmenopausal osteoporosis as a feature of metabolic systemic diseases of the skeleton, with abnormalities of the bone microarchitecture and reduction in bone mineral density, leading to an increased risk of fractures with a low level of trauma. The neurological manifestations of such fractures are uncharacteristic, representing a differential diagnostic indication. There is a change of posture in the form of hyperkyphosis of the thoracic spine and loss of height due to the increase in the number of modified vertebrae. The age of these patients is between 66 and 68 years, which limits the use of traditional analgesic preparations. The ionized gel ‘Giasulf’ was applied in 29 cases according to the developed technology. The description of the composition of the gel that provides maximum analgesic effect, reinforced by the influence of laser radiation on the cell membranes, is presented. A significant antinociceptive effect was obtained.
关键词： Analgesia,Osteoporotic fractures,Laser phoresis,Giasulf,Osteoporosis
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Investigation of fast light in three-layer waveguides composed of negative-refraction claddings and an air core
摘要： MicroRNAs play important roles in osteoporosis and show great potential for diagnosis and therapy of osteoporosis. Previous studies have demonstrated that miR-146a affects osteoblast (OB) and osteoclast (OC) formation. However, these findings have yet to be identified in vivo, and it is unclear whether miR-146a is related to postmenopausal osteoporosis. Here, we demonstrated that miR-146a knockout protects bone loss in mouse model of estrogen-deficient osteoporosis, and miR-146a inhibits OB and OC activities in vitro and in vivo. MiR-146a?/? mice displayed the same bone mass as the wild type (WT) but exhibited a stronger bone turnover than the WT did under normal conditions. Nevertheless, miR-146a?/? mice showed an increase in bone mass after undergoing ovariectomy (OVX) compared with those subjected to sham operation. OC activities were impaired in the miR-146a?/? mice exposed to estrogen deficiency, which was diametrically opposite to the enhanced bone resorption ability of WT. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) from a bone microenvironment affect this extraordinary phenomenon. Therefore, our results implicate that miR-146a plays a key role in estrogen deficiency–induced osteoporosis, and the inhibition of this molecule provides skeleton protection.
关键词： OSTEOPOROSIS,OSTEOCLASTS,BONE μCT,OSTEOBLASTS,CYTOKINES
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Raman Spectroscopic Analysis to Detect Reduced Bone Quality after Sciatic Neurectomy in Mice
摘要： Bone mineral density (BMD) is a commonly used diagnostic indicator for bone fracture risk in osteoporosis. Along with low BMD, bone fragility accounts for reduced bone quality in addition to low BMD, but there is no diagnostic method to directly assess the bone quality. In this study, we investigated changes in bone quality using the Raman spectroscopic technique. Sciatic neurectomy (NX) was performed in male C57/BL6J mice (NX group) as a model of disuse osteoporosis, and sham surgery was used as an experimental control (Sham group). Eight months after surgery, we acquired Raman spectral data from the anterior cortical surface of the proximal tibia. We also performed a BMD measurement and micro-CT measurement to investigate the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Quantitative analysis based on the Raman peak intensities showed that the carbonate/phosphate ratio and the mineral/matrix ratio were significantly higher in the NX group than in the Sham group. There was direct evidence of alterations in the mineral content associated with mechanical properties of bone. To fully understand the spectral changes, we performed principal component analysis of the spectral dataset, focusing on the matrix content. In conclusion, Raman spectroscopy provides reliable information on chemical changes in both mineral and matrix contents, and it also identifies possible mechanisms of disuse osteoporosis.
关键词： bone quality,sciatic neurectomy,hydroxyapatite,Raman spectroscopy,collagen crosslink,mineral maturity,osteoporosis,bone matrix
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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The Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System: a minimally invasive, percutaneous intramedullary polymeric osteosynthesis for simple and complex long bone fractures
摘要： The treatment of osteoporotic long bone fractures is difficult due to diminished bone density and compromised biomechanical integrity. The majority of osteoporotic long bone fractures occur in the metaphyseal region, which poses additional problems for surgical repair due to increased intramedullary volume. Treatment with internal fixation using intramedullary nails or plating is associated with poor clinical outcomes in this patient population. Subsequent fractures and complications such as screw pull-out necessitate additional interventions, prolonging recovery and increasing health care costs. The Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System (PBSS) is a minimally invasive surgical technique that allows clinicians to repair bone fractures using a light-curable polymer contained within an inflatable balloon catheter, offering a new treatment option for osteoporotic long bone fractures. The unique polymer compound and catheter application provides a customizable solution for long bone fractures that produces internal stability while maintaining bone length, rotational alignment, and postsurgical mobility. The PBSS has been utilized in a case series of 41 fractures in 33 patients suffering osteoporotic long bone fractures. The initial results indicate that the use of the light-cured polymeric rod for this patient population provides excellent fixation and stability in compromised bone, with a superior complication profile. This paper describes the clinical uses, procedural details, indications for use, and the initial clinical findings of the PBSS.
关键词： long bone fracture,osteoporosis,bone density,surgery,polymeric rod,orthopaedics
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14