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Improving the performance of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film solar cell by engineering the ITO film thickness
摘要： In this work, the effects of tin doped indium oxide (ITO) thin films with different thicknesses (50 nm–476 nm) on the optoelectronic performance were investigated. Meanwhile, the sputtered ITO layers were annealed at 180°C for 60min under air atmosphere. The result indicated that the electro-optical properties of ITO films with the thickness (383 nm) were optimum, and the corresponding resistivity and average reflectance in the spectrum range (350–860 nm) were 4.73 × 10?4 Ω cm and lower than 20%, respectively. Finally, impacts of ITO layers with various thicknesses on the performance of CZTS solar cells were also studied. The open circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current density (Jsc), fill factor (FF) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of CZTS solar cells had been increased significantly from 576 mV to 636 mV, from 15.8 mA/cm2 to 20.2 mA/cm2, from 31.2% to 43.4% and from 3.04% to 5.56%, respectively, and eventually the highest PCE of CZTS solar cell based on 383 nm ITO window layer thickness was 5.56%.
关键词： Power conversion efficiency,ITO films,Reflectance,Optoelectronic performance
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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An Acceptor-Donor-Acceptor Type Non-Fullerene Acceptor with Asymmetric Backbone for High Performance Organic Solar Cells
摘要： An A-D-A type acceptor CC10 with the asymmetric D unit has been designed and synthesized through introducing an alkylbenzene into a symmetric acceptor CC5. Compared with the symmetric CC5, the asymmetric CC10 showed similar absorption range and energy level, but better π-π stacking, enhanced electron mobility and optimized microscopic morphology. As a result, the CC10-based organic solar cells demonstrated a high PCE of 11.78%, better than that of 6.91% for CC5-based device. The significantly improved device performance casued only by minor modification in molecular backbone indicates that there is substantial potential of asymmetric strategy for design high performance active layer materials.
关键词： Non-Fullerene Acceptor,Organic solar cells,Asymmetric Backbone,High Performance
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Recent progress in high-performance photo-detectors enabled by the pulsed laser deposition technology
摘要： In the past decade, photo-detectors have been demonstrated to have very important applications in image sensing, optical communication, fire detection, environmental monitoring, space exploration, safety detection, and many other scientific research and industrial technology fields and are regarded as the key components of wearable devices. Compared to traditional fabrication approaches, pulsed-laser deposition (PLD)-grown materials for photo-detectors offer several merits. First, PLD is a clean physical vapor deposition approach. A stoichiometric amount of atoms can be transferred from the target to the substrate, avoiding complicated and potentially dangerous chemical reactions. Furthermore, the PLD process is carried out in a high-vacuum environment. Therefore, almost no contaminants, such as catalysts, precursors, surfactants and by-products, will be introduced. Also, the thickness of the films can be controlled by simply manipulating the energy and pulse number of the pulsed laser. Furthermore, the fabrication temperature is relatively low, which is available to deposit materials on various substrates, even flexible ones. Most importantly, PLD is a deposition technology with large area coverage, which can produce centimeter-scale thin films, the planar geometry of which has significant potential for compact device integration with modern semiconductor techniques. Consequently, this review introduces the recent advances on the materials, fabrication, and application of pulsed-laser deposition for a variety of high-performance photo-detectors from an overall perspective. Moreover, the challenges and future development trends are discussed.
关键词： wearable devices,fabrication,optoelectronics,applications,photo-detectors,PLD,pulsed-laser deposition,high-performance,materials
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Ultra-long high quality catalyst-free WO<sub>3</sub> nanowires for fabricating high-performance visible photodetectors
摘要： This work presents a study on the controlled growth of WO3 nanowires via chemical vapor deposition without catalyst, and their potential applications in visible photodetectors. The influence of growth conditions on the morphology of WO3 nanowires is studied in order to understand the growth mechanism of WO3 nanowires, and ultra-long (60 μm, the longest one ever reported) WO3 nanowires with a spindle shape are achieved by optimizing the growth conditions. The photoconductor detectors based on WO3 single nanowires present excellent device performance with a responsivity as high as 19 A/W at a bias of 0.1 V, a detectivity as high as 1.06 × 1011 Jones, and a response (rising and decay) time as short as 8 ms under the illumination of a 404 nm laser. These results indicate the great potential of WO3 nanowires for applications in fabricating high performance visible photodetectors.
关键词： visible light,high performance,photodetectors,chemical vapor deposition,WO3 nanowires
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Design Guidelines on LED Costumes for Dance Performances
摘要： We present design guidelines on light emitting diode (LED) costumes for dance performances assuming repetitive use during concerts. We used LED costumes more than 120 times for large concerts of well-known artists at venues of approximately 50,000 capacity that were commercially successesful and we updated the LED costume design twice based on our experiences during these concerts. Through analyzing the position of broken LEDs and the types of breakage and the problems that occurred during actual performances, we devised 17 design guidelines on LED costumes for dance performances. Thanks to these design guidelines, the LEDs on the costume are more difficult to break and we can prepare for any contingencies that may occur during a performance. We fabricated an improved LED costume based on our design guidelines and conducted endurance tests involving dancing. Throughout the endurance tests, the LEDs did not break, and other factors that cause LED breakage were found. We participated in two exhibitions to conduct special LED dance performances.
关键词： dance performance,wearable computing,design guideline,costume,LED
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Charge Density Modulation on Asymmetric Fused-Ring Acceptors for High-Efficiency Photovoltaic Solar Cells
摘要： Charge density modulation on thieno[2'',3'':5',6']-s-indaceno[2',1':4,5]dithieno[3,2-b:2’,3’-d]pyrrole (IPT) core has been conducted for a systematic study of its impact on the electronic structure, molecular packing and photovoltaic performance of asymmetric fused-ring acceptors (FRAs). Herein, a series of IPT-based FRAs (ca. IN-4F, INO-4F, IPT-4F and IPCl-4F) are designed by adopting a corresponding side-chain of 2-ethylhexyl, 2-ethylhexyloxy, hydrogen or chloro onto IPT core. Enhanced electron-withdrawing side-chains contract the optical bandgap but lower the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level, which yields a trade-off between JSC and VOC in organic solar cells (OSCs). Furthermore, the FRAs exhibit tuned miscibility and crystallinity, reflected on the FF and JSC values of the OSCs. By pairing with polymer donor PM6, IPT-4F based devices achieve the highest PCE of 14.62% with balanced VOC of 0.88 V and JSC of 22.15 mA cm-2 and high FF of 75.01%. Our research demonstrates that electronic density modulation on asymmetric FRAs is an effective way to systematically optimize the device parameters in pursuit of high performance OSCs.
关键词： asymmetric fused-ring acceptors,Charge density modulation,electron-withdrawing side-chains,organic solar cells,photovoltaic performance
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Quantum dot material engineering boosting quantum dot sensitized solar cells efficiency over 13%
摘要： The intrinsic electronic structure and crystalline quality of quantum dot (QD) light-harvesting materials are among the primary reasons in determining the photovoltaic performance of resulting QD sensitized solar cells (QDSCs). Undoubtedly, exploiting appropriate high-quality QDs is a crucial route to improve the performance of QDSCs. In order to reduce the density of trap state defects, a ZnSe shell layer with wider bandgap is overgrown around the light-harvesting star material Zn-Cu-In-Se (ZCISe) alloy QDs to form the type-I core/shell structured ZCIS/ZnSe. Through this QD material engineering, average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of QDSCs was improved from 9.54% corresponding to pristine CuInSe2, to 12.49% from alloyed ZCISe, and to 13.71% for core/shell structured ZCISe/ZnSe QDs. A certified PCE of 13.49% has been obtained for the ZCIS/ZnSe QDSCs under AM 1.5G one sun irradiation. This value is a new record efficiency for QDSCs. The remarkable enhancement of photovoltaic performance for ZCIS/ZnSe-based QDSCs vs. ZCISe ones is mainly ascribed to the reduced density of trap state defects, which favours the suppression of charge recombination at photoanode/electrolyte interfaces and hence improves the photovoltage and fill factor, particularly. The steady state optical spectroscopy, diode ideality factor, transient absorption, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy characterizations confirm that the formed type-I core/shell structure can reduce the density of trap state defects and suppress charge recombination and improve the photovoltaic performance of the resulting cells. This work demonstrates the great potential of QD material engineering in improving the photovoltaic performance of QDSCs.
关键词： sensitized solar cells,photovoltaic performance,quantum dot,ZnSe,Zn-Cu-In-Se
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Deep clipping noise mitigation using ISTA with the specified observations for LED-based DCO-OFDM system
摘要： Deep clipping is beneficial for the optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (O-OFDM) system, since it can lower the peak-to-average power ratio, reduce the direct current requirement in light emitting diodes (LEDs), and relax the bit-resolution requirement in digital-to-analogue converters (DACs). However, it is accompanied by more signal distortions. In this study, a deep clipping noise mitigation scheme using iterative shrinkage/thresholding algorithm (ISTA) with three steps is proposed to improve bit error rate (BER) performance of the LED-based DCO-OFDM systems. In the first step, the estimated observation interference is eliminated from the received symbols to minimise the negative effect of channel noise. In the second step, two strategies are presented to generate the specified observations thus reduce the component of measurement noise in the whole observation vector. In the last step, combining the generalised cross validation and the estimation of observation interference, the appropriate regularisation parameter are calculated for ISTA to improve the robustness of the sparse recovery performance. They use simulations to show that the proposed scheme can correct the deep clipping noise with favourable reconstruction quality, which significantly improves the BER performance and therefore assist the LED non-linearity mitigation.
关键词： clipping noise mitigation,ISTA,BER performance,LED-based DCO-OFDM system,Deep clipping
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Improved performance of small molecule organic solar cells by incorporation of a glancing angle deposited donor layer
摘要： improving the photovoltaic performance directly by innovative device architectures contributes much progress in the field of organic solar cells. Photovoltaic device using different kinds of heterojunction with the given set of organic semiconductors paves the way to a better understanding of the working mechanism of organic heterojunction. Here, we report on the fabrication of a new device structure without employing extra material. A thin film of the donor material (chloroaluminum phthalocyanine (ClAlPc)) is inserted between ClAlPc:C60 bulk heterojunction (BHJ) and C60 layer by glancing angle deposition. A ClAlPc/C60 planar heterojunction co-exists with ClAlPc:C60 BHJ simultaneously in this device. Higher efficiency is obtained with this novel device structure. The effects of this additional ClAlPc layer on open-circuit voltage and fill factor in photovoltaic cells are studied. This work provides a new route to improve the device performance of organic solar cells.
关键词： glancing angle deposition,bulk heterojunction,donor layer,organic solar cells,photovoltaic performance
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Synthesis of Highly-Oriented Black CsPbI <sub/>3</sub> Microstructures for High-Performance Solar Cells
摘要： Synthesis of a thin layer of perovskite with less pinholes and defects is vital for the construction of a high-performance perovskite solar cell (PSC). We report on an oriented attachment strategy to fabricate a black phase CsPbI3 highly-oriented quasi-single-crystalline microstructures film for constructing a mesoporous PSC device with enhanced power conversion efficiency, from 13.4% to 16.0%. The theoretical calculations and detailed in/ex situ characterizations demonstrate that the oriented attachment is driven by the predominant adsorption of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on the {212} facets of the yellow phase δ-CsPbI3 crystals which initially form a relatively oriented structure followed by phase transition to α-CsPbI3 crystals and merging into large highly-oriented quasi-single-crystalline microstructures film with {200} planes exposed under annealing. Our work demonstrates that the oriented attachment strategy enables the formation of highly-oriented quasi-single-crystalline perovskite microstructures films which are essential for realizing high-efficiency and stable thin film PSCs.
关键词： oriented attachment,DMSO,CsPbI3,perovskite solar cells,high-performance
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01