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Synergistic in vitro effects of indocyanine green and ethylenediamine tetraacetate-mediated photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy combined with antibiotics for resistant bacterial biofilms in diabetic foot infection
摘要： Background: Antibiotic resistance has emerged as one of the most important determinants in diabetic foot infections outcomes. Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) has been proposed as an alternative approach for inactivating bacteria, especially resistant bacterial biofilms. This research investigated the synergistic effects of PACT mediated by the photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) and ethylenediamine tetraacetate (EDTA) combined with antibiotics against common pathogens of diabetic foot ulcer infection, including Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in vitro. Methods: Planktonic bacteria and biofilms of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were incubated with ICG and EDTA, and then exposed to laser treatment. Quantitative viable counting estimates the phototoxic effects on S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The susceptibility of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa (MRPA) to PACT treatment was detected by disk diffusion and micro-broth dilution methods. Confocal microscopy was used to detect the morphology of biofilms treated with PACT and antibiotics. The resazurin assay was used to quantify the metabolic activity of bacteria in biofilms. Results: PACT mediated by ICG and EDTA led to a more pronounced antibacterial effect in S. aureus and P. aeruginosa compared with ICG alone-mediated PACT. P. aeruginosa was more sensitive to ICG and EDTA-mediated PACT than S. aureus. After PACT treatment, the susceptibility of MRSA and MRPA to antibiotics increased. Furthermore, PACT combined with antibiotic treatment significantly contributed to killing bacteria in the biofilm and disrupting biofilm structure. Conclusions: ICG and EDTA-mediated PACT combined with antibiotics synergistically enhanced the effects of sterilization and biofilm destruction.
关键词： photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy,antibacterial effect,diabetic foot infection,bacterial biofilm,EDTA,indocyanine green
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (PACT), using Toluidine blue (TBO) inhibits both growth and dimorphism in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis by a mechanism involving reactive Oxygen species (ROS) production
摘要： Background: The thermo-dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis causes Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), an important public health problem in Latin American, with prevalence in Brazil [1-4]. One of the main problems of this mycosis, initially pulmonary, are the secondary mucosal lesions, which are debilitating, painful and, in some cases, generate mutilations [3,5-8]. The treatment is performed through the use of oral medicines anti-fungal and/or oral surgeries [3]. The Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (PACT) has been suggested as a promising alternative and/or complementary therapy against many pathogens [9-16] and has been little explored in the treatment of individuals with PCM [17-18]. Aims: The objective of this work was study the effect of Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy using Toluidine blue as a photosensitizer on both yeast and mycelial cells of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, isolated 18, and the possible mechanism involved on PACT action.
关键词： Toluidine Blue,Paracoccidioides brasiliensis,Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,dimorphism,fungus
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Physicochemical and antimicrobial photodynamic chemotherapy (against E. Coli) by indium phthalocyanines in the presence of silver-iron bimetallic nanoparticles
摘要： In this work, Schiff base indium phthalocyanines: In-Cl tetra N,N-dimethyl-4-(methylimino) phthalocyanine (complex 1b) and In-Cl tetra-phenoxy N,N-dimethyl-4-(methylimino) phthalocyanine (complex 2b) substituted at the peripheral positions with 4-dimethyl benzaldehyde are synthesized from tetra amino and tetra phenoxy amino phthalocyanines, respectively. These complexes were further quartenised with 1,3-propanesultone to form zwitterionic complexes 1 and 2, respectively. Silver-iron dimers (Ag-Fe3O4) and silver-iron core shell (Ag@Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) were linked to the synthesised complexes. The photophysical and photochemical behaviour of the complexes and their conjugates with NPs were investigated in dimethyl sulfoxide. Complexes 2 and 2b and their conjugates were then used for photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy on E. coli. The zwitter ionic photosensitiser 2 and its conjugates showed better efficiency for photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy compared to their neutral counterparts.
关键词： zwitterionic,Indium phthalocyanines,photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy,E-coli
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36