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A novel dynamical approach in continuous cuffless blood pressure estimation based on ECG and PPG signals
摘要： Continuous cu?ess blood pressure (BP) monitoring has attracted much interest in ?nding the ideal treatment of diseases and the prevention of premature death. This paper presents a novel dynamical method, based on pulse transit time (PTT) and photoplethysmogram intensity ratio (PIR), for the continuous cu?ess BP estimation. By taking the advantages of both the modeling and the prediction approaches, the proposed framework e?ectively estimates diastolic BP (DBP), mean BP (BP), and systolic BP (SBP). Adding past states of the cardiopulmonary system as well as present states of the cardiac system to our model caused two main improvements. First, high accuracy of the method in the beat to beat BP estimation. Second, notwithstanding noticeable BP changes, the performance of the model is preserved over time. The experimental setup includes comparative studies on a large, standard dataset. Moreover, the proposed method outperformed the most recent and cited algorithms with improved accuracy.
关键词： Cu?ess blood pressure estimation,Taken’s theorem,Multivariate adaptive regression spline,Pulse transit time,Photoplethysmogram intensity ratio
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS) - Cleveland, OH, USA (2018.10.17-2018.10.19)] 2018 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS) - Continuous Peripheral Blood Pressure Measurement with ECG and PPG Signals at Fingertips
摘要： A good habit of measuring blood pressure (BP) daily is helpful for us to stay healthy or to monitor hypertensive conditions. However, the conventional method of measuring BP using a pressure cuff has many weaknesses. In order to eliminate the use of this pressure cuff, we proposed a system using the pulse arrival time (PAT) to measure BP. This PAT can be measured using time difference between the R-peaks of electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmography (PPG) signals. In our system, we obtained these two signals by using our self-designed ECG and PPG sensors. Our sensors were fabricated in 0.18 μm CMOS technology with a small recording area of about 2.53 mm2 and 6.25 mm2, respectively. Our ECG sensor has variable amplifying gains and can achieve a total maximum gain of 60 dB. Besides that, it has a high pass filter with wide cutoff frequencies between 0.1-200 Hz, and low pass filter with cutoff frequencies of 0.2-10 kHz. The design of our ECG circuit allows us to obtain the ECG signals using fingertips and without using a ground electrode. This compact system has the potential to become a wireless wearable in the future. The measured PAT was fitted into a mathematical model and cuff-less BP readings were obtained. A plot of reference BP using oscillometric cuff and cuff-less BP showed a good correlation of r = 0.83 for systolic blood pressure (SBP). The SBP and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) mean absolute difference for the system are 6.75 mmHg and 6.08 mmHg respectively, which fairly passed the strict standard set by IEEE. In the future, our system will be compared with the use of sphygmomanometer, which is the gold standard, to further evaluate its accuracies.
关键词： blood pressure,pulse arrival time,electrocardiogram,cuff-less,photoplethysmogram
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[ACM Press Proceedings of the 14th EAI International Conference - Melbourne, VIC, Australia (2017.11.07-2017.11.10)] Proceedings of the 14th EAI International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems Computing Networking and Services - Sensor Agnostic Photoplethysmogram Signal Quality Assessment using Morphological Analysis
摘要： In this article, we propose a method to assess the clinical usability of fingertip Photoplethysmogram (PPG) waveform, collected from medical grade oximeter (train data) and smartphone (test data). We introduce a set of novel Signal Quality Indices (SQIs) to represent the noise characteristics of the PPG waveform. The SQIs are presented to a random forest classifier to discriminate between clean and noisy signals. The proposed method was evaluated on datasets annotated by four experts, resulting into a sensitivity and specificity of (92 + ? 4.7 % , 95 + ? 4.6 % , 95.4 + ? 3.1 %) on train and test data respectively. Further we applied the proposed method on PPG waveform of clinically proven control and disease population of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), which resulted into (77 %,77 %) of sensitivity and specificity respectively.
关键词： Artefact,Noise Detection,Photoplethysmogram,Wearable Sensors,Morphology,Mobile Health
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Teaching a Standalone Optics and Lasers Course Using Project-Based Learning
摘要： The identification of invalid data in recordings obtained using wearable sensors is of particular importance since data obtained from mobile patients is, in general, noisier than data obtained from nonmobile patients. In this paper, we present a signal quality index (SQI), which is intended to assess whether reliable heart rates (HRs) can be obtained from electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals collected using wearable sensors. The algorithms were validated on manually labeled data. Sensitivities and specificities of 94% and 97% were achieved for the ECG and 91% and 95% for the PPG. Additionally, we propose two applications of the SQI. First, we demonstrate that, by using the SQI as a trigger for a power-saving strategy, it is possible to reduce the recording time by up to 94% for the ECG and 93% for the PPG with only minimal loss of valid vital-sign data. Second, we demonstrate how an SQI can be used to reduce the error in the estimation of respiratory rate (RR) from the PPG. The performance of the two applications was assessed on data collected from a clinical study on hospital patients who were able to walk unassisted.
关键词： Battery life,wearable sensors,respiratory rate (RR),electrocardiogram (ECG),signal quality,telemonitoring,photoplethysmogram (PPG)
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2018 26th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO) - Roma, Italy (2018.9.3-2018.9.7)] 2018 26th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO) - END-to-END Photopleth YsmographY (PPG) Based Biometric Authentication by Using Convolutional Neural Networks
摘要： Whilst research efforts have traditionally focused on Electrocardiographic (ECG) signals and handcrafted features as potential biometric traits, few works have explored systems based on the raw photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal. This work proposes an end-to-end architecture to offer biometric authentication using PPG biosensors through Convolutional Networks. We provide an evaluation of the performance of our approach in two different databases: Troika and PulseID, the latter a publicly available database specifically collected by the authors for such a purpose. Our verification approach through convolutional network based models and using raw PPG signals appears to be viable in current monitoring procedures within e-health and fitness environments showing a remarkable potential as a biometry. The approach tested on a verification fashion, on trials lasting one second, achieved an AUC of 78.2% and 83.2%, averaged among target subjects, on PulseID and Troika datasets respectively. Our experimental results on previous small datasets support the usefulness of PPG extracted biomarkers as viable traits for multi-biometric or standalone biometrics. Furthermore, the approach results in a low input throughput and complexity that allows for a continuous authentication in real-world scenarios. Nevertheless, the reported experiments also suggest that further research is necessary to account for and understand sources of variability found in some subjects.
关键词： biometric verification,photoplethysmogram signal,convolutional neural networks,biometric authentication,ppg
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS) - Cleveland, OH, USA (2018.10.17-2018.10.19)] 2018 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS) - Block-Sparse Compressive Sensing for High-Fidelity Recording of Photoplethysmogram
摘要： This paper presents a novel compressive sensing (CS) framework for photoplethysmogram (PPG) recording. Exploiting the concept of block sparsity in CS, the proposed framework trains a block-sparsifying dictionary for the PPG signal using the block K-SVD (BK-SVD) algorithm. Next, the block sparse Bayesian learning (BSBL) algorithm is employed to utilize the block-sparsity information and recover the PPG signal from its compressively sampled counterpart. Using different PPG datasets prerecorded from the fingertip of a healthy human volunteer under normal and post-exercise conditions, our results demonstrate that the proposed CS framework based on BK-SVD + BSBL can achieve signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) values of >10dB for compression ratios as high as 10, outperforming the previous approaches for compressive sensing of PPG that do not utilize the block-sparsity information.
关键词： photoplethysmogram,wearable health monitoring,Block sparsity,dictionary training,compressive sensing
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2019 3rd School on Dynamics of Complex Networks and their Application in Intellectual Robotics (DCNAIR) - Innopolis, Russia (2019.9.9-2019.9.11)] 2019 3rd School on Dynamics of Complex Networks and their Application in Intellectual Robotics (DCNAIR) - Synchronization of the process of autonomous regulation of blood circulation with low-frequency components of the laser Doppler flowmetry signal
摘要： The features of the individual dynamics and interaction of the elements of the autonomous regulation of blood circulation and blood flow fluctuations in the microvasculature of the skin were investigated. Phase synchronization of the laser Doppler flowmetry signal with processes of autonomic regulation is revealed. This may indicate the effect of vegetative regulation on the myogenic range of laser Doppler flowmetry.
关键词： Laser Doppler flowmetry,heart rate variability,blood pressure variability,photoplethysmogram,cardiointervalogram,0.1 Hz,statistical significance,phase capture
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) - Honolulu, HI, USA (2018.7.18-2018.7.21)] 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) - Reconstructed Dynamics of the Imaging Photoplethysmogram
摘要： Human photoplethysmogram (PPG) is one of the signals widely applied for health monitoring. Development of the new techniques made possible evolution of traditional contact PPG which was measured at red and near-infrared light (NIR) to the contactless, imaging PPG (iPPG) that can be recorded at various light wavelengths, including ambient visible light. However, despite the numerous advantages of iPPG its applications demonstrated so far are quite limited. The NIR PPG was previously found to be useful for various applications in the area of physiological and mental health monitoring by utilizing advanced methods of nonlinear time-series analysis applied on its reconstructed dynamics. The main purpose of this study is to demonstrate data-driven approach with time-delay-reconstructed attractor obtained from the iPPG. The results of this study demonstrated that the iPPG dynamics can be reconstructed with fine data resolution, and its time-delay-reconstructed trajectory is almost deterministic, though contains noise. The obtained results might be useful for further applied studies on the iPPG.
关键词： imaging PPG,iPPG,health monitoring,PPG,nonlinear time-series analysis,photoplethysmogram,NTSA
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 7th Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE) - Nara, Japan (2018.10.9-2018.10.12)] 2018 IEEE 7th Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE) - Detection of Deformed PPG Waveforms Based on a Ratio of Their Average Accelerations
摘要： This paper presents a new method to detect deformed Photoplethysmogram (PPG) waveforms for sufficient accuracy of signal processing. The PPG waveforms have been applied in many health indicators, such as blood pressure, blood viscosity and blood vessel elasticity. Usually, the measurements using a sensitive signals require user awareness so that all the PPG waveforms are kept accurate. Namely, accuracy of the calculated indicators becomes lower when the PPG waveform is deformed due to motion artifacts. In particular, detection methods of deformed PPG waveforms are important for incorporating the health indicators into general fitness trackers to find the correct waveform or to remove deformed PPG waveforms from the measurement. Therefore, we propose a new method which detects a badly formed PPG waveform by monitoring a ratio of average accelerations. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the method for detecting a deformed PPG waveform.
关键词： Photoplethysmogram waveform,Ratio of average accelerations,Motion artifact
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 7th Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE) - Nara, Japan (2018.10.9-2018.10.12)] 2018 IEEE 7th Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE) - Blood Circulation Based on PPG Signals for Thermal Comfort Evaluation
摘要： This paper presents a new index for monitoring transition of blood circulation from Photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals for thermal comfort evaluation of users. Heat dissipation reaction through the dilation of blood vessels is person's intrinsic ability to control the thermal comfort. When body temperature is higher than normal temperature, blood circulation changes according to the dilation of blood vessels in distal end of the extremities. Blood circulation is often evaluated by an index of peripheral resistance corresponding to changes in blood flow velocity such as systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D) of flow velocities, resistance index and the pulsatility index. Unfortunately, such an index cannot be utilized in daily life for healthcare with using fitness trackers since the blood flow velocity is measured by either an ultrasonic Doppler blood flowmeter (UDF) or a Laser-Doppler flowmeter. Therefore, we propose a new index which is easily acquirable from PPG signals. First, a couple of variables correlating to the blood flow velocity is calculated from a rate of volumetric strain of Photoplethysmogram signals. Then the new index can be obtained as difference of these variables. Experimental results show the effectiveness of this index by confirming high correlation with S/D of UDF.
关键词： Peripheral blood circulation,volumetric strain,blood flow velocity,Photoplethysmogram signals
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14