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- 摘要
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Exergy analysis of a photovoltaic thermal system with earth water heat exchanger cooling system based on experimental data
摘要： In this paper, an attempt has been made to evaluate the experimental exergetic assessment of photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system with novel cooling technology termed as earth water heat exchanger (EWHE) cooling. The exergetic efficiency is calculated by considering of exergy destructions and exergy losses. It was observed that the total exergetic efficiency of PV/T is the function of mass flow rate of cooling water for a given solar radiation. The exergetic efficiency of the PV/T system is calculated in three ways, Case I: excluding exergy losses, Case II: including both exergy losses and exergy destructions and Case III: considering only exergy destructions. The results of all the cases were compared and it was found out that the exergetic efficiency of PV/T in Case III was more than the other two cases and it lies between 24.95% to 25.85% and 24.30% to 25.57% for the flow rate of 0.017 kg/s and 0.025 kg/s respectively.
关键词： earth water heat exchanger,EWHE,photovoltaic,PV/T,exergy,solar energy
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Efficient Output Power Enhancement and Protection Technique for Hot Spotted Solar Photovoltaic Modules
摘要： One of the major issues faced by solar PV module is the occurrence of hotspots. Disproportionate current production of the solar cells is the basic reason for the creation of hot spots. This intense event deteriorates the cell and its protecting shield, resulting in permanent damage to cells. To overcome this issue, some techniques are developed by the researchers to boost power production and to suppress the hot spots. In this paper, a sustainable technique is proposed to improve the performance of hot spotted solar PV system. During hot spot conditions, the proposed technique reduces hot spots and also generates more power compared to the conventional techniques. In the conventional techniques, the relays/switches are connected in the strings of the PV module, whereas in the proposed technique, the relays are connected in the appropriate places of the substrings of the module. In the proposed technique, the relays are operated by disconnecting the affected sub string and the generated power is also fetched in an efficient manner. The proposed method is tested in a scaled down 80 W module. In order to locate the hot spots, the solar photovoltaic cells are inspected using thermal images obtained from thermal cameras. The analysis is preceded by deriving the P-V curve under various hot spot conditions. The proposed technique effectively reduces the temperature by 12 degree Celsius and enhances the output power by 28.9W. The obtained results suggest that the proposed technique makes the PV module a sustainable one.
关键词： PV power enhancement,photovoltaic (PV) cell temperature analysis,thermal imaging,hot spot reduction
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Techniques in Control, Optimization and Signal Processing (INCOS) - Tamilnadu, India (2019.4.11-2019.4.13)] 2019 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Techniques in Control, Optimization and Signal Processing (INCOS) - Implementation of Particle Swarm Optimization for Maximum Power Absorption From Photovoltaic System Using Energy Extraction Circuit
摘要： The focus of this paper, improvements in universal rules have seen the thrust for larger use of non-conventional energy sector. To absorb the maximum power output from the solar photovoltaic (PV) panel, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based Maximum Power Point tracking (MPPT) control algorithm is suggested. At a specific operating point, PV panel can harvest maximum power called Maximum Power Point (MPP) in which the solar PV panel must operate at this MPP to give maximum efficiency. In this paper, the capability of the PV panel to track the MPP using PSO under great variation of insolation has been modelled and analyzed in MATLAB/SIMULINK.
关键词： Photovoltaic (PV) panel,Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO),Maximum Power Point tracking (MPPT)
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 Workshop on Recent Advances in Photonics (WRAP) - Guwahati, India (2019.12.13-2019.12.14)] 2019 Workshop on Recent Advances in Photonics (WRAP) - Stand-off Femtosecond Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy of Metals, Soil, Plastics and Classification Studies
摘要： This paper presents one of the first studies of the harmonic impact of a significantly large photovoltaic (PV) solar farm of 20 MW in a utility distribution system. This solar farm is a constituent of the 80-MW PV solar farm in Sarnia, Ontario, which is so far the largest solar farm in Canada. The utility network is modeled in detail using the commercial grade PSCAD/EMTDC software, which is validated through load flow studies conducted by CYME software and correlated with SCADA measurements. The validated network model is used for network resonance study and harmonics impact analysis of the solar farms under different network conditions. The harmonics data instrumented for several months were provided by the transmission utility at the two solar farm units and at the main feeder substation. These data were utilized for extensive harmonic impact studies with widely different short-circuit levels and network resonance conditions. This paper presents the detailed procedure adopted for performing such harmonic impact studies. It is concluded that this large solar farm may not cause any substantial voltage distortion on the distribution network during steady-state operating conditions. However, recommendations are made for utilities to perform such studies to ensure the safe operation of critical loads.
关键词： network resonance,total harmonic distortion,solar energy,harmonics,Distribution systems,total demand distortion,photovoltaic (PV) solar system,frequency scan
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Photovoltaic panel integrated with phase change materials (PV-PCM): technology overview and materials selection
摘要： In recent years, the utilization of phase change materials (PCMs) in photovoltaic (PV) module for thermal regulation has attracted wide attention in this field, as the hybrid PV-PCM technology can not only achieve higher photoelectric conversion efficiency but also make it possible to extract thermal energy stored in PCMs for cascade utilization. Although substantial research has been carried out on PV-PCM systems, the promise of practical application is still far from clear with some barriers unsolved, such as PCMs which need further improvements in both technical and economical view. In this paper, a comprehensive literature review of the state-of-the-art aspects of PV-PCM systems is presented, with the focus on technology overview and materials selection. The concept of hybrid PV-PCM system is first discussed with its general configuration and energy balance, to figure out the key factors affecting its performance. Besides, the development route of PV-PCM research is outlined through a comprehensive review of 104 research articles during 2004–2018, clarifying the representative achievements and existing problems in each stage. Furthermore, PCMs are highlighted in this paper with details on their classification, properties, and application in previous PV-PCM research. In particular a triangle about materials selection criteria and determination strategy of phase transition temperature is proposed. Finally, the challenges and prospects of future research on PV-PCM systems are raised, advocating that more attention should be addressed on new strategies to overcome the existing problems such as insufficient reliability and economic feasibility.
关键词： Phase change material (PCM),PV cooling,PV-PCM,Solar photovoltaic (PV),Review
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Experimental study conducted for the identification of best heat absorption and dissipation methodology in solar photovoltaic panel
摘要： The solar PV technology has become a significant alternative for conventional fossil fuel resources. The recent researches are focusing on techniques to increase the efficiency of the solar photovoltaic (PV) systems to address the growing needs of the global electricity demand. Maintaining the PV panel temperature according to the specified standard helps in harnessing the optimal power output consistently. Although there are various PV panel cooling techniques available in the existing literature, there is always a huge expectation among the energy sectors in terms of rising the efficiency value, as well as lowering the cost of investment. In this aspect, the proposed method provides the best solution by improving the efficiency of the solar photovoltaic panel by regulating the temperature using a material called as the Phase Change Material which is entrenched with an external finned heat sink to improve the thermal conductivity of the material PCM. In this work, the concept is investigated by an experimental setup under direct sun rays in the natural environmental conditions for four different cases (Case A, Case B, Case C, and Case D). The concept of temperature regulation is recorded through FLIR thermal imaging camera and the observations are presented. After thorough experimental investigations of all the four cases, it is found that PCM entrenched with heatsink (Case D) can certainly be an efficient approach to drop the operating temperature of the PV panel with lowest cost and enhance the efficiency of the PV panel to the maximum extent.
关键词： Phase change material,Solar photovoltaic (PV) panel,Heat sink,FLIR thermal images
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 International Conference on Power Electronics, Control and Automation (ICPECA) - New Delhi, India (2019.11.16-2019.11.17)] 2019 International Conference on Power Electronics, Control and Automation (ICPECA) - Droop based Low voltage ride through implementation for grid integrated photovoltaic system
摘要： This paper signi?es the development of an ef?cient and cost-effective control scheme for operation of grid integrated photovoltaic (PV) system under low voltage ride through (LVRT) condition. During LVRT If the PV system was to disconnect from the grid, the disconnection further aggravates the situation by causing larger disturbance than what was caused by the fault. To stabilize the system and prevent the ?ow of over current during LVRT it is necessary to control the reactive power injection in the system. The proposed scheme balances the active power though proportional gain regulation of plug in controller. Compared to the conventional LVRT method, this method is more cost effective. A normal maximum power point tracking (MPPT) scheme is implemented during normal operation. But in case of fault condition, an extra proportional controller is added to assist the droop characteristics of photovoltaic power voltage curve and attain system stability. Simulation has been performed on a grid integrated PV system of 4kW and LVRT conditions are tested. It is observed that the response of controller is fast and seamless during transition mode.
关键词： Active power control,Grid integrated photovoltaic(PV) system,Maximum power point tracking (MPPT),Droop characteristics,Low voltage ride through,Reactive power injection
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) - Macau, China (2019.11.3-2019.11.8)] 2019 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) - A Robust Laser-Inertial Odometry and Mapping Method for Large-Scale Highway Environments
摘要： This paper proposes a new fast technique, in which the slope of a photovoltaic (PV) inverter current is utilized to predict if the current is expected to exceed its rated value due to any grid faults. Two applications of this technique are demonstrated. In jurisdictions where grid codes require distributed generators (DGs) to disconnect after a fault occurrence, such as in Ontario, Canada, this technique is utilized to rapidly disconnect the PV solar system even before the inverter short circuit current actually exceeds the rated current of the inverter, thereby obviating the problem of any adverse short circuit current contribution into the grid. However, in regions where grid codes require DGs to stay connected and provide grid support, such as low-voltage ride through, this technique can be used to rapidly and autonomously transform the PV solar farm into a dynamic reactive power compensator STATCOM (termed PV-STATCOM) for providing voltage support function. In this paper, the PV-STATCOM is used to stabilize a critical induction motor load in the vicinity of the solar farm, which would have otherwise become unstable due to the grid fault. PSCAD-based simulation studies are performed on a realistic distribution network to demonstrate the effectiveness of this technique.
关键词： STATCOM,Distributed generator (DG),inverter,flexible AC transmission system (FACTS),protection,short circuit current,PV-STATCOM,photovoltaic (PV) systems
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Propose a MPPT Algorithm Based on Thevenin Equivalent Circuit for Improving Photovoltaic System Operation
摘要： Smart grids are considered as key solutions to solve current power security issues. Among these suggestions, microgrid is proposed to integrate distributed generations (DGs) such as photovoltaic (PV) system into the network and the control of DGs output power is getting more attention. The output power of PV arrays with nonlinear characteristics is affected by temperature, solar irradiation and load. Various maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods for photovoltaic (PV) power systems have been considered and developed to maximize the delivered possible power. In this paper, a modelized photovoltaic source is introduced, based on the Thevenin equivalent circuit. An ordinarily employed solar system model is linearized into simple Thevenin source-resistance representation. Next, a control algorithm associated with the relationship between controller’s PWM duty cycle of the MPPT boost converter and solar array output power, namely proposed MPPT algorithm, is introduced. This proposed method is compared with an existing popular MPPT algorithm to confirm its superior performance by using the MATLAB/SIMULINK? simulation. The results show an improvement in the power generation from a PV array in any weather condition, and also help to reduce the impact of rapid change of solar irradiation on the output power variation within the time duration of change. Therefore, the proposed algorithm reduces the effect on grid frequency and motivate the PV generation penetration into the microgrids. Finally, a 50W DC-DC boost converter prototype is implemented and tested to verify the feasibility of the proposed control scheme.
关键词： photovoltaic (PV),renewable energy source,perturbation and observation method (P&O),thevenin equivalent circuit,maximum power point tracking (MPPT)
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Use of solar photovoltaic with active solar still to improve distillate output: A review
摘要： Solar energy is a need of the hour and very important source for the all living organisms. Due to increment in global warming as well as pollution, solar energy utilization is required and it is replaced by the conventional use of fuels in the world today. Active solar still found higher distillate output due to the use of solar collector i.e. flat plate collector, evacuated tubes. Also the price of solar photovoltaic is also reducing now days. Hence, the main aim of the present review paper is to integrate the active solar still with photovoltaic panel to increase the distillate output as well as improvement in efficiency of solar photovoltaic (PV). Present review paper shows the various researchers have carried out on single slope and double slope active solar still with solar photovoltaic. It is concluded that, the integration of solar photovoltaic (PV) with evacuated tubes with single basin is appropriate for commercial purpose for providing potable water with electricity and it is also good solution for remote location. At last the scope of the future work is also incorporated in review paper.
关键词： Photovoltaic (PV),active solar still,distillate output
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52