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Print flexible solar cells
摘要： Conventional silicon solar cells account for more than 90% of global production, yet making them uses energy equivalent to about 10% of their lifetime output. The future of solar energy depends on a union of new and old technologies. If photovoltaic (PV) devices that turn light into electricity could be mass produced with printing presses, as if they were newspapers or banknotes, they could be affordable and ubiquitous. Conventional, silicon-based, solar panels are rigid and bulky. Small, thin and flexible PV devices on films are already being made that are lightweight and translucent. These use little material and can generate electricity in low light, even indoors. Integrating them into phones and watches, as well as walls and windows, would transform the world’s energy generation, reduce pollution and mitigate climate change.
关键词： photovoltaic devices,solar cells,printing technology,flexible solar panels,renewable energy
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 International Conference on System Science and Engineering (ICSSE) - Dong Hoi, Vietnam (2019.7.20-2019.7.21)] 2019 International Conference on System Science and Engineering (ICSSE) - A Method to Estimate the Yield of Photovoltaic Power Plant Solely in MATLAB/Simulink
摘要： The Yield of photovoltaic power plant grid-connected depends upon seasonable variation of solar radiation, system loss, soiling loss, and loss of inverter. This paper presents a method to estimate the yield of photovoltaic power plant solely in MATLAB/Simulink. The yield of photovoltaic power plant grid-connected has been developed based on the photovoltaic model, loss model. In this case, the 1MW solar power plant connected in the grid in three locations in Vietnam have been simulated with the weather season variable and compared with PVGIS software. From the result, the total yield of photovoltaic power plant connected into the grid is range 1180.16 to 1247.42 MWh/Year with the losses system is 28% including losses of system and irradiance losses. Furthermore, the gap between this systems compared with PVGIS software is range -1.47 to 4.64 MWh/Month.
关键词： Yield model,Losses model,Photovoltaic model
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Power Plant without Phase Angle Synchronization Able to Address Fault Ride-Through Capability
摘要： This paper discusses the control of large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic power plants (GCPPPs) operating under unbalanced grid voltage sags. The positive and negative sequences of the output currents are controlled to achieve different targets: injecting constant power (i) to the grid, or (ii) to the ac side of the converter, i.e., including the filter and the grid. Traditionally, synchronization with the grid voltages is required, which is usually performed by a phase-locked-loop (PLL) technique. In this paper, the proposed control technique does not require any grid voltage synchronization. An arbitrary angle is used instead with the only requirement of having a frequency equal or close to the grid frequency. The fault-ride-through capability of the GCPPP during unbalanced voltage sags is addressed by proposing a current limiter. Simulation and experimental results verify the performance of the proposed GCPPP.
关键词： Power system faults,Phase locked loops,Photovoltaic systems,Fault current limiters
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 7th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion (WCPEC) (A Joint Conference of 45th IEEE PVSC, 28th PVSEC & 34th EU PVSEC) - Waikoloa Village, HI (2018.6.10-2018.6.15)] 2018 IEEE 7th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion (WCPEC) (A Joint Conference of 45th IEEE PVSC, 28th PVSEC & 34th EU PVSEC) - Artifact-Free Coring Procedures for Removing Samples from Photovoltaic Modules for Microscopic Analysis
摘要： An important step in producing more reliable and efficient photovoltaic modules is to establish a relationship between the microscopic properties of modules deployed in the field for many years and efficiency-related parameters. The first step in accomplishing this task is to be able to identify and remove small areas from these modules without causing any damage to these samples. In this work, we will describe two different procedures to core small areas of deployed and stressed solar panels produced with different materials (Si, CIGS, and CdTe), and we will prove that these processes did not damage the cored material. We will also show that the coring procedure changes for different types of photovoltaic modules.
关键词： photovoltaic modules,CdTe,CIGS,Si,Coring
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Synthesis and Photovoltaic Effect of Electron-Withdrawing Units for Low Band Gap Conjugated Polymers Bearing Bi(thienylenevinylene) Side Chains
摘要： A novel (E)-5-(2-(5-alkylthiothiophen-2-yl)vinyl)thien-2-yl (TVT)-comprising benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene (BDT) derivative (BDT-TVT) was designed and synthetized to compose two donor-acceptor (D-A) typed copolymers (PBDT-TVT-ID and PBDT-TVT-DTNT) with the electron-withdrawing unit isoindigo (ID) and naphtho[1,2-c:5,6-c’]bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole (NT), respectively. PBDT-TVT-ID and PBDT-TVT-DTNT showed good thermal stability (360 °C), an absorption spectrum from 300 nm to 760 nm and a relatively low lying energy level of Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (EHOMO) (?5.36 to –5.45 eV), which could obtain a large open-circuit voltage (Voc) from photovoltaic devices with PBDT-TVT-ID or PBDT-TVT-DTNT. The photovoltaic devices with ITO/PFN/polymers: PC71BM/MoO3/Ag structure were assembled and exhibited a good photovoltaic performance with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.09% (PBDT-TVT-ID) and 5.44% (PBDT-TVT-DTNT), respectively. The best PCE of a PBDT-TVT-DTNT/PC71BM-based device mainly originated from its wider absorption, higher hole mobility and favorable photoactive layer morphology.
关键词： polymer solar cells,photovoltaic property,benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene,low band gap,bi(thienylenevinylene)
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Characteristics analysis of the photovoltaic thermal heat pump system on refrigeration mode: An experimental investigation
摘要： Photovoltaic thermal heat pump technology stands for the combination of solar heat pump technology and a photovoltaic system, which has the characteristics of tri-generation (heating, cooling, and electricity) to meet the building's energy requirement. In this paper, the dual-use photovoltaic thermal heat pump system was used and investigated experimentally with an emphasis on the refrigeration mode, which with the feature of the novel roll-bond photovoltaic thermal unit working as condenser directly. Moreover, renewable energy such as solar radiation and long-wave radiation are the main energy source of this system. The experimental investigation of the system comprising; 4 roll-bond photovoltaic thermal units, 1 horsepower heat pump unit and 600 L ice storage tank was carried out. The performance evaluation method and uncertainty analysis of the system was proposed and implemented along with the examination on the refrigeration performance and operating characteristics of the system. The results indicate that the proposed photovoltaic thermal heat pump system can achieve the refrigeration for building space cooling demand in summer with high performance and long-term stable operation. This study could provide a valuable reference for the photovoltaic thermal heat pump multi-generation system design and large-scale practical application in northern China.
关键词： Photovoltaic thermal heat pump,Experimental study,Refrigeration performance,PVT,Operation characteristics
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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PbS Quantum Dots as Additives in Methylammonium Halide Perovskite Solar Cells: the Effect of Quantum Dot Capping
摘要： Colloidal PbS quantum dots (QDs) have been successfully employed as additives in Halide Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs) acting as nucleation centers in the perovskite crystallization process. For this strategy, the surface functionalization of the QD, controlled via the use of different capping ligands, is likely of key importance. In this work, we examine the influence of the PbS QD capping on the photovoltaic performance of methylammonium lead iodide PSCs. We test PSCs fabricated with PbS QD additives with different capping ligands including methylammonium lead iodide (MAPI), cesium lead iodide (CsPI) and 4-aminobenzoic acid (ABA). Both the presence of PbS QDs and the specific capping used have a significant effect on the properties of the deposited perovskite layer, which affects, in turn, the photovoltaic performance. For all capping ligands used, the inclusion of PbS QDs leads to the formation of perovskite films with larger grain size, improving, in addition, the crystalline preferential orientation and the crystallinity. Yet, differences between capping agents were observed. The use of QDs with ABA capping had higher impact on the morphological properties while the employment of CsPI ligand was more effective on the optical properties of the perovskite films. Taking advantage of the improved properties, PSCs based on the perovskite films with embedded PbS QDs exhibit an enhanced photovoltaic performance, observing the highest increase with ABA capping. Moreover, bulk recombination via trap states is reduced when the ABA ligand is used as capping of the PbS QD additives in the perovskite film. We demonstrate how surface chemistry engineering of PbS QD additives in solution-processed perovskite films opens a new approach towards the design of high quality materials, paving the way to improved optoelectronic properties and more efficient photovoltaic devices.
关键词： nucleation centers,PbS quantum dots,perovskite solar cells,photovoltaic performance,capping ligands
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 10th International Symposium on Power Electronics for Distributed Generation Systems (PEDG) - Xi'an, China (2019.6.3-2019.6.6)] 2019 IEEE 10th International Symposium on Power Electronics for Distributed Generation Systems (PEDG) - An Extraction Method for the Parasitic Capacitance of the Photovoltaic Module Based on the Oscillation of the Leakage Current
摘要： In photovoltaic (PV) plant, the parasitic capacitance between the PV module and the ground causes leakage current in the non-isolated systems. The case can be deteriorated in the rain environment, because increases dramatically due to the rain water. This paper presents an extraction method for the parasitic capacitance between the PV module and the ground. Unlike the common analytical, numerical way and direct measurement method, the parasitic capacitance is obtained through measurement of the leakage current oscillation. A full-bridge inverter is used to explain the principle as well as for the measurement. Theoretical calculation, MATLAB simulations and experimental measurements finally verify the accuracy of the proposed methods. The experimental results are shown to validate the method works well.
关键词： photovoltaic module,parasitic capacitance,leakage current,oscillation
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Modelling of a Multipurpose Photovoltaic Generator Block Using ATP-EMTP
摘要： One of the major references to deal with electromagnetic transients is the ATP-EMTP program whose associated tools, ATPDraw (a graphical interface) and MODELS (a programmable language), have pushed its use to other electrical system analysis. In this context, this article aims to show the development of a computational block to represent the photovoltaic generator in ATP, with its respective mask and configuration in ATPDraw. Starting from the classical mathematical foundation, a photovoltaic module is developed from data available in manufacturers’ manuals. The ideality equations are then modified to attend different purposes: applying new values of temperature and irradiation, choosing series and/or parallel association of modules, including different values of series and parallel resistances. The final multipurpose photovoltaic generator is validated by comparison of its results with those found in the related technical literature.
关键词： Photovoltaic module,MODELS,Modelling,ATPDraw,ATP-EMTP
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC) - Auckland, New Zealand (2019.5.20-2019.5.23)] 2019 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC) - Moving Photovoltaic (PV) Installations: Impacts of the Solar Radiation Level on the Output Power
摘要： This paper investigates the potential output power of moving photovoltaic (PV) installations. In particular, we focus on the impacts of the solar radiation level on the available output power of PV installations on top of moving objects. We discuss the situation for controlling the operating voltage of photovoltaics installed on top of battery-powered electric vehicles (BEVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). We demonstrate that different longitudinal angles of PV cells due to curved roof surfaces and the fast slopes of the solar radiation level have a significant impact on the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. We illustrate how the solar radiation level can reduce the efficiency of the MPPT algorithms.
关键词： data acquisition,photovoltaic energy,battery-powered electric vehicle,measurement,hybrid electric vehicle
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04