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Fabrication of PAN/ZnO Nanofibers by Electrospinning as Piezoelectric Nanogenerator
摘要： Piezoelectric nanogenerator is a material that is used for converting mechanical energy to electrical energy. This research aimed to study the piezoelectric nanogenerator properties in PAN/ZnO nanofibers layered on the stainless-steel substrate. ZnO nanoparticles that were used in this work were synthesized by coprecipitation method. The ZnO nanoparticles were mixed with PAN dissolved with DMF. Fabrication of PAN-ZnO nanofibers was done using the electrospinning method on the stainless-steel substrate. The formed PAN/ZnO nanofibers were then characterized using XRD, SEM, and FTIR. To test the piezoelectric nanogenerator properties, PAN/ZnO nanofibers were combined to PAN nanofibers and coated on the stainless-steel substrate to form piezoelectric nanogenerator device. This device was then connected to an electrometer and an oscilloscope to measure the current and voltage resulted after bending. The results of XRD of ZnO nanoparticles had the wurtzite crystal structure with the size of about 46 nm. Meanwhile, the PAN/ZnO had an amorphous structure. The test results of piezoelectric nanogenerator properties showed the value of voltage and current of 7.22 V and 47.48 μA, respectively. PAN/ZnO nanofibers on the stainless-steel substrate are potential to be the material of piezoelectric nanogenerators in general.
关键词： electrospinning,PAN/ZnO nanofiber,energy harvesting,piezoelectric nanogenerator
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Inverse size-dependence of piezoelectricity in single BaTiO3 nanoparticles
摘要： The piezoelectric charge coefficients d33 of single BaTiO3 (BT) nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) that is equipped with a precise charge meter and an in-situ TEM indentation holder that enables controlled compression experiments. An exceptionally high d33 of 1775 pC/N was obtained in NPs that are smaller than the critical diameter (D; typically known as < 100 nm) that has been regarded as the lower limit to permit for ferroelectricity in BT. The mechanical conversion efficiency of piezoelectric BT nanogenerators enhanced as D of BT NPs was decreased; this result corresponds with the single-NP compression measurements of d33. This quantification of the effect of D in ferroelectric materials may guide development of efficient and high-powered nanostructured piezoelectric energy devices such as piezoelectric nanogenerators.
关键词： in-situ TEM,size effect,STEM,Ferroelectric,piezoelectric,nanogenerator
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Synthesis and characterization of nanofiber-type hydrophobic organic materials as electrodes for improved performance of PVDF-based piezoelectric nanogenerators
摘要： Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) derivatives are synthesized by oxidative polymerization using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as an anionic surfactant dopant. The resulting polymeric materials featuring nanofiber-type one-dimensional (1D) structures are identified as poly(2-butyl-2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxine:dodecyl sulfate (PEDOT-C4:DS) and poly(2-hexyl-2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxine:dodecyl sulfate (PEDOT-C6:DS). The ratio of the DS anion doped into PEDOT-C4:DS and PEDOT-C6:DS is 0.16 and 0.23, respectively. The contact angle of water on the PEDOT-C4:DS and PEDOT-C6:DS films is 76.6° and 87.7°, respectively, showing hydrophobic properties similar to that with water on PVDF. It facilitated the fully uniform film formation due to excellent surface matching. Peeling force of PEDOT-C4:DS and PEDOT-C6:DS is stronger than the one of PEDOT:PSS-CNT composite. GIWAX analysis showed that PEDOT-C4:DS formed the highly ordered edge-on structure and PEDOT-C6:DS formed the bimodal orientation consisting of edge-on structure mainly and face-on structure slightly. The electrical conductivity (σPEDOT-C4:DS=50.0 S cm-1) of PEDOT-C4:DS is 41.7 times higher than that of PEDOT:PSS (σPEDOT:PSS=1.2 S cm-1). The output signals (maximum voltages/currents) of piezoelectric nanogenerators (PNGs, electrode/PVDF/electrode) using these materials as electrodes are PNG-1 (PEDOT:PSS-CNT composite) 1.25 V/128.5 nA, PNG-2 (PEDOT-C4:DS) 1.54 V/166.0 nA, and PNG-3 (PEDOT-C6:DS) 1.49 V/159.0 nA. Of these, PNG-2 & PNG-3 show maximum piezoelectric output power of 63.0 nW and 59.9 nW at 9 MΩ compared to PNG-1 (41.0 nW at 10 MΩ). They are enhanced up to 53.7%. The excellent surface matching between a piezoelectric active material and an electrode material leads to high output power.
关键词： 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) derivative,poly(3,nanofibrillar network,piezoelectric nanogenerator,nanofiber,hydrophobicity
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Natural Sugar Assisted Chemically Reinforced Highly Durable Piezo-Organic Nanogenerator with Superior Power Density for Self-Powered Wearable Electronics
摘要： Natural piezoelectric material is of increasing interest particularly for applications in biocompatible, implantable, and flexible electronic devices. In this paper we introduce a cost effective, easily available natural piezoelectric material, i.e., sugar in the field of wearable piezoelectric nanogenerator (PNG) where low electrical output, biocompatibility and performance durability are still critical issues. We report on a high performance piezo-organic nanogenerator (PONG) based on the hybridization of sugar encapsulated polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiber webs (SGNFW). We explore the crucial role of single crystal sugar having fascinating structure along with the synergistic enhancement of piezoelectricity during nano-confinement of sugar interfaced macromolecular PVDF chains. As a consequence, the SGNFW based PONG exhibits outstanding electricity generation capability (for example ~100V under 10 kPa human finger impact and maximum power density of 33 mW/m2) in combination with sensitivity to abundantly available different mechanical sources (such as wind flow, vibration, personal electronics and acoustic vibration). Consequently, it opens up suitability in multifunctional self-powered wearable sensor designs for realistic implementation. In addition, commercially available capacitors are charged up effectively by the PONG due to its rapid energy storage capability. The high performance or the PONG not only offers the “battery free” energy generation (several portable units of LEDs and a LCD screen are powered up without using external storage) but also promises its use in wireless signal transmitting systems that widens the potential in personal health care monitoring. Furthermore, owing to the geometrical stress confinement effect, the PONG is proven to be a highly durable power generating device validated by stability test over 10 weeks. Therefore, the organic nanogenerator would be a convenient solution for portable personal electronic devices that are expected to operate in a self-powered manner.
关键词： self-powered electronics,PVDF,organic piezoelectric nanogenerator,high performance and durability,Natural piezoelectric material,sugar
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Controllable Core–Shell BaTiO <sub/>3</sub> @Carbon Nanoparticle-Enabled P(VDF-TrFE) Composites: A Cost-Effective Approach to High-Performance Piezoelectric Nanogenerators
摘要： Piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs), as a promising solution to harvest mechanical energy from ambient environment, have attracted much attention over the past decade. Here, the core-shell structured BaTiO3@Carbon (BT@C) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by simple surface-modifying method and then used to fabricate the efficient PENGs with poly [(vinylidene fluoride)-co-trifluoroethylene] (P(VDF-TrFE)). The carbon shell with the uniform thickness of 10-15nm can increase the content of polar β phase in P(VDF-TrFE), and significantly enhance the interfacial polarization between BT NPs and polymer matrix during poling process. Out of all compositions, 15wt% BT@C/ P(VDF-TrFE) PENG exhibited the optimal piezoelectric performance with an output voltage of ~17V and the maximum power of 14.3μW under bending-releasing mode. More importantly, the PENG can also efficiently harvest other types of mechanical energy from human activities and exhibits stable output after 1500 bending-releasing cycles. When the PENG was bent and beat by bicycle spokes, a peak voltage of 16V was generated, which can light up 12 white LEDs directly and charge the commercial capacitors. Our research provides a new strategy to fabricate flexible and efficient PENGs from nanoscale viewpoint, it can be hopefully applied in energy harvesting system and wearable electric sensors.
关键词： Core-shell structure,energy harvesting,Interfacial polarization,composite material,piezoelectric nanogenerator
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE 2018 Conference on Emerging Devices and Smart Systems (ICEDSS) - Tiruchengode, India (2018.3.2-2018.3.3)] 2018 Conference on Emerging Devices and Smart Systems (ICEDSS) - Finite Element Method Based Performance Analysis of Piezoelectric Materials for Nanogenerator Applications
摘要： Demonstrated through this work is the analysis of piezoelectric behavior of wide band gap materials like ZnO, CdS, BaTiO3, LiNbO3, AlN and PZT for potential application in nano generators. Nano rods of finite dimensions in the form of perfect cylinders were modeled with conventional PZT used in energy harvesting applications and the alternatives like ZnO, BaTiO3, ZnO, AlN, LiNbO3 and CdS whose performance potential and advantages are explained through this work on the basis of analytical and simulation based approaches. Piezoelectric potentials of cylindrical nano rods with two different lengths i.e. 500nm and 600nm and varying diameters were analyzed and the results showed perfect alignment in both numerical and simulation with a minor variation of 7 percent. The potential application of these nano wire systems are in voltage controlled devices like BJT’s and FET’s, energy harvesting systems and biomedical sensing applications. Comsol Multiphysics has been used to calculate the bending of nano rods by applying Finite Element Method (FEM). The results obtained shows that the generated electric potential in the nano wire is independent of the length of the rod along z-axis and the surface piezoelectric potential generated is directly proportional to the displacement of the nanowire in the direction of force and inversely proportional to the cube of its length-to-diameter ratio. The piezoelectric potential generated due to the application of 100nN force on one end of the rod with the other end fixed is ~±2.3V which is suitable to drive gate voltages of various transistors and to be used in sensing applications.
关键词： nano wire,Finite Element Method,Piezoelectric,nanogenerator
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46