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- 2018
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- Rajarshi Rananjay Sinh Institute of Management and Technology
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Rectangular-Normalized Superpixel Entropy Index for Image Quality Assessment
摘要： Image quality assessment (IQA) is a fundamental problem in image processing that aims to measure the objective quality of a distorted image. Traditional full-reference (FR) IQA methods use fixed-size sliding windows to obtain structure information but ignore the variable spatial configuration information. In order to better measure the multi-scale objects, we propose a novel IQA method, named RSEI, based on the perspective of the variable receptive field and information entropy. First, we find that consistence relationship exists between the information fidelity and human visual of individuals. Thus, we reproduce the human visual system (HVS) to semantically divide the image into multiple patches via rectangular-normalized superpixel segmentation. Then the weights of each image patches are adaptively calculated via their information volume. We verify the effectiveness of RSEI by applying it to data from the TID2008 database and denoise algorithms. Experiments show that RSEI outperforms some state-of-the-art IQA algorithms, including visual information fidelity (VIF) and weighted average deep image quality measure (WaDIQaM).
关键词： image quality assessment,superpixel segmentation,mutual information
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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The AOTF-based NO<sub>2</sub> camera
摘要： The abundance of NO2 in the boundary layer relates to air quality and pollution source monitoring. Observing the spatiotemporal distribution of NO2 above well-delimited (flue gas stacks, volcanoes, ships) or more extended sources (cities) allows for applications such as monitoring emission fluxes or studying the plume dynamic chemistry and its transport. So far, most attempts to map the NO2 field from the ground have been made with visible-light scanning grating spectrometers. Benefiting from a high retrieval accuracy, they only achieve a relatively low spatiotemporal resolution that hampers the detection of dynamic features. We present a new type of passive remote sensing instrument aiming at the measurement of the 2-D distributions of NO2 slant column densities (SCDs) with a high spatiotemporal resolution. The measurement principle has strong similarities with the popular filter-based SO2 camera as it relies on spectral images taken at wavelengths where the molecule absorption cross section is different. Contrary to the SO2 camera, the spectral selection is performed by an acousto-optical tunable filter (AOTF) capable of resolving the target molecule's spectral features. The NO2 camera capabilities are demonstrated by imaging the NO2 abundance in the plume of a coal-fired power plant. During this experiment, the 2-D distribution of the NO2 SCD was retrieved with a temporal resolution of 3 min and a spatial sampling of 50 cm (over a 250 × 250 m2 area). The detection limit was close to 5 × 1016 molecules cm?2, with a maximum detected SCD of 4 × 1017 molecules cm?2. Illustrating the added value of the NO2 camera measurements, the data reveal the dynamics of the NO to NO2 conversion in the early plume with an unprecedent resolution: from its release in the air, and for 100 m upwards, the observed NO2 plume concentration increased at a rate of 0.75–1.25 g s?1. In joint campaigns with SO2 cameras, the NO2 camera could also help in removing the bias introduced by the NO2 interference with the SO2 spectrum.
关键词： NO2,AOTF,plume,remote sensing,air quality,camera,acousto-optical tunable filter
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Brain Storm Optimization Graph Theory (BSOGT) and Energy Resource Aware Virtual Network Mapping (ERVNM) for Medical Image System in Cloud
摘要： With the development of Internet and the make use of Internet for medical information, the demand for huge scale and reliable managing medical information has brought out the huge scale Internet data centers. This work that has been presented here highlights the structural lay out and formulation of the medical information model. The aim of presenting this to aid medical departments as well as workers to exchange information and integrate available resources that help facilitate the analysis to be conducted on the given information. Software here comprises of medical information and offers a comprehensive service structure that benefits medical data centers. VNM or Virtual Network Mapping (VNM) essentially relates to substrate network that involves the installation and structuring of on demand virtual machines. These however are subjective to certain limitations that are applicable in relation to latency, capacity as well as bandwidth. Data centers need to dynamically handle cloud workloads effectively and efficiently. Simultaneously, since the mapping of virtual and physical networks with several providers’ consumes more time along with energy. In order to resolve this issue, VNM has been mapped by making use of Graph Theory (GT) matching, a well-studied database topic. (i) Brain Storm Optimization Graph Theory (BSOGT) is introduced for modeling a virtual network request in the form of a GT with different resource constraints, and the substrate networks here is considered being a graph. For this graph the nodes and edges comprise of attributes that indicate their constraints. (ii) The algorithm that has been recently introduced executes graph decomposition into several topology patterns. Thereafter the BSOGT is executed to solve any issues that pertain to mapping. (iii) The model that has been presented here, ERVNM and the BSOGT are used with a specific mapping energy computation function.(iv) Issues pertaining to these are categorized as being those related to virtual network mapping as the ACGT and optimal solution are drawn by using effective integer linear programming. ACGT, pragmatic approach, as well as the precise and two-stage algorithms performance is evaluated by means of cloud Simulator environment. The results obtained from simulation indicate that the BSOGT algorithm attains the objectives of cloud service providers with respect to Acceptance ratio, mapping percentage, processing time as well as Convergence Time.
关键词： Virtual Network Mapping (VNM),Distributed cloud computing and optimization,Virtualization quality of services (Qos),Brain Storm Optimization Graph Theory (BSOGT)
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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A fast scheme for renal microvascular perfusion functional imaging: Assessed by an imaging quality evaluation model
摘要： Purpose: This study aimed to develop a fast scheme of multiparametric perfusion functional imaging (PFI) based on dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCEUS) for assessing renal microvascular hemodynamics. Method: The flow process in the DCEUS-based PFI was modified step-by-step to improve its operational efficiency, which was validated through in vivo renal perfusion experiments. A multiparametric model with a comprehensive coefficient of imaging quality (CIQ) was then built on four terms of the average information entropy, contrast, gray, and noise coefficient of PFIs to evaluate the sacrifice of imaging quality during modifications of DCEUS-based PFI. Results: The multiparametric model successfully evaluated modifications of DCEUS-based PFI from multiple perspectives (R2 = 0.73, P < 0.01). Compared with the raw scheme in the renal sagittal and coronal planes, the fast PFI scheme significantly improved its operational efficiency by 62.82 ± 1.07% (P < 0.01) and the nine PFIs simultaneously maintained a similar CIQ of 0.26 ± 0.06. Conclusions: The inhomogeneous hemodynamic distributions with a ring-like feature in the renal microvasculature were accurately and efficiently characterized by the fast PFI scheme. The fast PFI scheme can be applied for early diagnosis, follow-up evaluation and monitoring treatment of chronic kidney disease.
关键词： modification,coefficient of imaging quality,perfusion functional imaging,multiparametric model,dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[Communications in Computer and Information Science] Advances in Signal Processing and Intelligent Recognition Systems Volume 968 (4th International Symposium SIRS 2018, Bangalore, India, September 19–22, 2018, Revised Selected Papers) || Bit-Plane Specific Measures and Its Applications in Analysis of Image Ciphers
摘要： The paper presents bit-plane specific new measures to visualize the extensive statistical detail of an image. We compute the frequency of ones, maximum run length and correlation among rows (columns) in each bit-plane of an image. The computed measures give row-wise and column-wise structural detail at bit-plane level and help an interpreter to analyze given image deeply for its effective interpretation and understanding. In this paper, the application of these measures is shown in cryptography to statistically analyze the image ciphers. The simulation study shows that the proposed measures are very useful and can be applied in various image processing applications for pattern recognition and understanding of visual objects.
关键词： Bit-plane measures,Image cipher,Image analysis,Quantitative measures,Qualitative measures,Image quality measures
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Remote sensing-based water quality assessment for urban rivers: a study in linyi development area
摘要： Nowadays, urban rivers play an important role in city development and make great contributions to urban ecology. Most urban rivers are the drinking water sources and water quality is extremely critical. The current assessment method in national standard of China has multiple limitations; therefore, this paper introduces an advanced assessment, that is, Canadian Water Quality Index (CWQI). This method can help to provide comprehensive and objective water quality assessment for the urban rivers. Moreover, CWQI can prevent waste of the water resource, since current assessment is pessimistic and tent to underestimate water samples to a lower grade. Linyi development area is selected as study region and CWQI method is applied to assess two major urban rivers within the area. The water monitoring data from 2014 to 2017 is acquired in 24 parameters. Since the CWQI calculation is still based on traditional water quality measurement in parameters, there will be a huge cost when increasing research scale and accuracy. In this paper, remote sensing technique is employed to develop models of CWQI scores from satellite data. By utilizing 23 selected monitoring instances and matching satellite data, linear regression analysis shows that red band data has highest correlation with CWQI in both two urban rivers in the study region. In addition, two testing datasets with five instances for each river are used to validate the RS-based CWQI models and the results show that testing datasets can be fitted well. With the models, CWQI distribution diagrams are generated and assist both spatial and temporal analysis. Experimental results show that the proposed approach can indicate actual water quality pattern which is validated by field visit. The proposed approach in this paper has satisfying effectiveness and robustness.
关键词： Remote sensing,Urban rivers,Water quality index,Spatial temporal analysis
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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A comparative study of superimposition techniques for enhancing the projector resolution: Simulations and experiments
摘要： Among the techniques developed to enhance the resolution of a projector beyond its native resolution, a number of techniques use sequential superimposition of low resolution images with sub-pixel shift to produce a resulting high-resolution image on the wall. This work investigates different low-resolution subframe image generation techniques used for this purpose. Along with that, two new subframe generation techniques have been developed with the aim to prioritize darker and/or bright pixels in an image. We have also extended a Single-subframe iterative technique to Two-subframe iterative technique to evaluate its full potential. Detailed simulations, visual image quality analysis, image quality metric assessment and measurement results of the existing and the newly developed methods have been carried out. A comparative study of the techniques suggests that iterative sub-frame generation techniques give the best overall image quality, but their high computational cost could make them less practical.
关键词： Resolution enhancement,Image quality metric,Superimposition,Digital micro-mirror device (DMD)
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Experimental evaluation of seven quality control phantoms for digital breast tomosynthesis
摘要： Keywords: Breast, Diagnostic imaging, Digital breast tomosynthesis, Quality control, Screening. Purposes: The introduction of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) into the French breast cancer screening program is forecast by the authorities. The aim of the present study was to evaluate image quality phantoms to be used as internal quality controls. Methods: Seven breast phantoms dedicated to quality control in mammography were evaluated on reconstructed DBT images: ACR Model 015, BR3D, DBT QC model 021, Mam/Digi-EPQC, MTM100, TOMOMAM? and TOMOPHAN?. Two representative image parameters of DBT images were studied: image score and z-resolution, when inserts were included in the phantom, on five DBT systems of three different brands. Three observers were involved. Results: The MTM100, Mam/Digi-EPQC, BR3D, DBT QC model 021 phantoms' images presented artefacts affecting the image score. The ACR Model 015, TOMOMAM? and TOMOPHAN? phantoms appeared to be pertinent for DBT image score analysis. Due to saturation artefacts, Z-resolution results were not coherent with the theory for all phantoms except by using aluminium beads in the TOMOMAM? phantom. Conclusions: Phantom manufacturers should be encouraged to collaborate with DBT system manufacturers in order to design universal phantoms suitable for all systems for more complete quality control. From our study we can propose several specifications for an ideal and universal phantom designed for internal quality control in DBT. Phantoms should allow sensitive image score measurements. The background structure should be realistic to avoid artefacts. Phantoms should have a standard breast-like shape and size.
关键词： Breast,Digital breast tomosynthesis,Screening,Diagnostic imaging,Quality control
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Performance of various commercial TiO <sub/>2</sub> in photocatalytic degradation of a mixture of indoor air pollutants: Effect of photocatalyst and operating parameters
摘要： Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) air cleaners can be installed in air handling units to reduce occupants’ exposure to hazardous gases, boost indoor air quality, and concomitantly lower HVAC energy consumption by lowering the required ventilation rate. In this work, photocatalytic activity of four commercialized titanium dioxide photocatalysts (P25, PC500, UV100, and S5-300A) for treating a mixture of seven prevalent volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were assessed in a continuous flow reactor. The impacts of major experimental factors namely concentration (15-100 ppb), relative humidity level (0-60% at 23?C), and residence time (0.012-0.05 s) on the removal efficiency and by-products generation were examined. Photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). UV100 possessed the highest values for total VOC removal efficiency, which could be attributed to its large surface area, high porosity, good crystallinity, and large population of surface hydroxyls. Regarding relative humidity, two dominant trends were found: i) increasing the humidity resulted in lower removal efficiencies, or ii) existence of an optimum humidity level in some cases. The treatment efficiency followed the order: alcohols > ketones > aromatics > alkanes. The main by-products in the gas phase were formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, and propionaldehyde.
关键词： titanium dioxide,volatile organic compounds,indoor air quality,photocatalytic oxidation,relative humidity,residence time,by-products
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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All Passive Realization of Lossy Coupling Matrices Using Resistive Decomposition Technique
摘要： A complex coupling matrix has been extensively used in lossy filters and negative group delay devices. For the realization, conventional technique decomposes the complex coupling matrix into lossy resonators and complex inverters. Since the complex inverter does not follow the passivity in some cases, the resultant realization may be globally passive but locally active. This paper proposes a new decomposition technique to ensure the passivity everywhere. It decomposes the complex coupling matrix into a resistive connection matrix and a conventional real coupling matrix, which are both passively realizable. This technique provides a passive realization of the complex coupling matrix. Furthermore, a loss equalization technique is also proposed, to further achieve a uniform quality factor (Q) distribution among all the lossy resonators. Several illustrative examples and an experimental validation are finally provided.
关键词： Lossy filter,resistive connection,quality factor,decomposition,complex coupling matrix,complex inverter
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29