- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
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[IEEE 2019 International Conference on Communication and Electronics Systems (ICCES) - Coimbatore, India (2019.7.17-2019.7.19)] 2019 International Conference on Communication and Electronics Systems (ICCES) - Internet of Things (IoT) enabled Sustainable Home Automation along with Security using Solar Energy
摘要： This paper presents a novel method for tracking the position of a medical instrument’s tip. The system is based on phase locking a high frequency signal transmitted from the medical instrument’s tip to a reference signal. Displacement measurement is established having the loop open, in order to get a low frequency voltage representing the medical instrument’s movement; therefore, positioning is established by means of conventional measuring techniques. The voltage-controlled oscillator stage of the phase-locked loop (PLL), combined to an appropriate antenna, comprises the associated transmitter located inside the medical instrument tip. All the other low frequency PLL components, low noise amplifier and mixer, are located outside the human body, forming the receiver part of the system. The operating details of the proposed system were coded in Verilog-AMS. Simulation results indicate robust medical instrument tracking in 1-D. Experimental evaluation of the proposed position tracking system is also presented. The experiments described in this paper are based on a transmitter moving opposite a stationary receiver performing either constant velocity or uniformly accelerated movement, and also together with two stationary receivers performing constant velocity movement again. This latter setup is implemented in order to demonstrate the prototype’s accuracy for planar (2-D) motion measurements. Error analysis and time-domain analysis are presented for system performance characterization. Furthermore, preliminary experimental assessment using a saline solution container to more closely approximate the human body as a radio frequency wave transmission medium has proved the system’s capability of operating underneath the skin.
关键词： radio frequency (RF),Displacement measurement,position tracking,medical instrument,phase shift
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Designing Antennas for RFID Sensors in Monitoring Parameters of Photovoltaic Panels
摘要： The importance of the radio-frequency identi?cation (RFID) technology and photovoltaic (PV) systems has been growing systematically in the modern world full of intelligent products connected to the Internet. Monitoring parameters of green energy plants is a crucial issue for e?cient conversion of solar radiation, and cheap RFID transponders/sensors can be involved in this process to provide better performance of module supervision in scattered installations. Since many components of PV panels disturb the radio-wave propagation, research in the antenna scope has to be carried out to reach the proposed fusion. The problem with RFID transponders being detuned in close proximity to glass or metal surfaces can be solved on the basis of solutions known from the scienti?c literature. The authors went further, revealing a new antenna construction that can be fabricated straight on a cover glass of the PV panels. To achieve the established task, they incorporated advantages from the latest advancements in materials technology and low-power electronics and from the progress in understanding radio-wave propagation phenomena. The numerical model of the antenna was elaborated in the Hyper Lynx 3D EM software environment, and test samples were fabricated on the technology line of ML System Company. The convergence of calculated and measured antenna parameters con?rms the design correctness. Thus, the studied antenna can be used to elaborate the cheap semipassive RFID transponders/sensors in the PV panel production lines.
关键词： semipassive tag,energy harvesting,RFID (radio-frequency identi?cation),RFID sensor,passive transponder,Internet of Things (IoT)
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Document Verification: A Cloud-Based Computing Pattern Recognition Approach to Chipless RFID
摘要： In this paper, we propose a novel means of verifying document originality using chipless RFID systems. The document sender prints a chipless RFID tag into the paper and does a frequency scanning in the 57–64 GHz spectrum of the document. The results of scattering parameters in individual step frequencies are stored in a cloud database, denoised and passed to pattern classi?ers, such as support vector machines or ensemble networks. These supervised learners train themselves based on these data on the remote/cloud computer. The document receiver veri?es this frequency ?ngerprint by using the same scanning method, sending the scattering parameters to the cloud server and getting the decoded data. Paper originality is veri?ed if the decoded data are as expected. The advantages of our cloud chipless RFID processing deployments are cost reduction and increased security and scalability.
关键词： chipless tag,classi?cation algorithms,Radio frequency identi?cation,support vector machines,pattern recognition,cloud computing,ensemble networks
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Single Crystal Diamond Deposited by Dual Radio-Frequency Plasma Jet CVD with High Growth Rate
摘要： Single crystal diamonds were deposited on high pressure high temperature (HPHT) substrate with high growth rate, up to 18.5 μm/h, by using dual radio-frequency inductive coupled plasma jet. The methane ?ux was found to in?uence the growth rate of single crystal diamond. The reason for this might be ascribed to the electron temperature increase, raising the ?ux of methane, based on the plasma diagnosis results by optical emission spectra (OES). The results of Raman spectroscopy and the X-ray rocking-curve indicated that as-deposited diamonds are of good quality.
关键词： growth rate,single crystal diamond,methane ?ux,dual radio frequency,chemical vapor deposition (CVD),inductive coupled plasma jet
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Atomic Vapor Confined in a Nanoscale Geometry: From Mesoscopic to Collective Effects
摘要： Simulation data from a ray-tracing tool applied in specific urban environments in the 28-GHz band suggest that the utilization of arbitrary base station (BS) angles in a directional search procedure may not be of maximum benefit for users located in non-line-of-sight positions, because certain angles restrict the radio frequency illumination to a lower maximum power than from others. An appropriate selection of BS angles offers a potential power level benefit of greater than 2 dB in a defined number of consecutive measurements; however, this performance improvement appears to be conditioned by the severity of the existing street canyon propagation and the probability of the angle used. A simple ray tracing method is proposed to approximately identify the most effective BS angles that avoid power emissions in directions largely blocked by nearby buildings. The results indicate that prior site-specific information may be helpful, particularly for systems using analog beamforming.
关键词： Angle of arrival,millimeter wave,user equipment,ray tracing,non-line-of-sight,base station,radio frequency,beam direction
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 5th International Conference on Advances in Electrical Engineering (ICAEE) - Dhaka, Bangladesh (2019.9.26-2019.9.28)] 2019 5th International Conference on Advances in Electrical Engineering (ICAEE) - Structural properties of bi-layer Molybdenum Thin-film deposited by RF magnetron sputtering for CZTS solar cells
摘要： This paper presents a novel method for tracking the position of a medical instrument’s tip. The system is based on phase locking a high frequency signal transmitted from the medical instrument’s tip to a reference signal. Displacement measurement is established having the loop open, in order to get a low frequency voltage representing the medical instrument’s movement; therefore, positioning is established by means of conventional measuring techniques. The voltage-controlled oscillator stage of the phase-locked loop (PLL), combined to an appropriate antenna, comprises the associated transmitter located inside the medical instrument tip. All the other low frequency PLL components, low noise amplifier and mixer, are located outside the human body, forming the receiver part of the system. The operating details of the proposed system were coded in Verilog-AMS. Simulation results indicate robust medical instrument tracking in 1-D. Experimental evaluation of the proposed position tracking system is also presented. The experiments described in this paper are based on a transmitter moving opposite a stationary receiver performing either constant velocity or uniformly accelerated movement, and also together with two stationary receivers performing constant velocity movement again. This latter setup is implemented in order to demonstrate the prototype’s accuracy for planar (2-D) motion measurements. Error analysis and time-domain analysis are presented for system performance characterization. Furthermore, preliminary experimental assessment using a saline solution container to more closely approximate the human body as a radio frequency wave transmission medium has proved the system’s capability of operating underneath the skin.
关键词： radio frequency (RF),Displacement measurement,position tracking,medical instrument,phase shift
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Effect of working pressure on the properties of RF sputtered SnS thin films and photovoltaic performance of SnS-based solar cells
摘要： Tin sulfide (SnS) thin films were deposited with a single SnS target by radio frequency magnetron sputtering while varying the working pressure (0.6 Pa to 2.6 Pa), and the structural, chemical, electricelectrical and optical properties of the SnS thin films were investigated. X-ray diffraction results showed that all the SnS thin films had a (111) plane preferred growth orientation, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy verified that a SnS thin film was grown with an orthorhombic crystal structure, having the binding energy of 324.5 eV. Due to a long wavelength shift in the transmittance spectrum, the optical band gap decreased from 1.56 eV to 1.47 eV. A SnS-based conventional structure solar cell (Al/ITO/i-ZnO/CdS/SnS/Mo/SLG), prepared with a SnS absorption layer and deposited at a working pressure of 2.0 Pa, achieves the highest power conversion efficiency of 0.58%. It is confirmed that this result reveal to very high efficiency compared to other reports with conventional structure.
关键词： thin films,Tin sulfide,radio frequency magnetron sputtering,single target,SnS based solar cells,working pressure
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Hexagonal Boron Nitride Phononic Crystal Waveguides
摘要： Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), one of the hallmark van der Waals (vdW) layered crystals with an ensemble of attractive physical properties, is playing increasingly important roles in exploring two-dimensional (2D) electronics, photonics, mechanics, and emerging quantum engineering. Here we report on the demonstration of h-BN phononic crystal waveguides with designed pass and stop bands in the radio frequency (RF) range, and controllable wave propagation and transmission, by harnessing arrays of coupled h-BN nanomechanical resonators with engineerable coupling strength. Experimental measurements validate that these phononic crystal waveguides confine and support 15 to 24 megahertz (MHz) wave propagation over hundreds of micrometers. Analogous to solid-state crystal lattices, phononic bandgaps and dispersive behaviors have been observed and systematically investigated in the h-BN phononic waveguides. Guiding and manipulating acoustic waves on such additively integratable h-BN platform may facilitate multiphysical coupling and information transduction, and open up new opportunities for coherent on-chip signal processing and communication via emerging h-BN photonic and phononic devices.
关键词： integrated phononics,phononic crystal waveguide,nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS),acoustic wave,Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN),radio frequency
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Kapitza Pendulum Effect with Overclocked Raman Comb Solitons in a Microring Resonator
摘要： In modern RF system on chips (SoCs), the digital content consumes up to 85% of the IC chip area. The recent push to integrate multiple RF-SoC cores is met with heavy resistance by the remaining RF/analog circuitry, which creates numerous strong aggressors and weak victims leading to RF performance degradation. A key such mechanism is injection pulling through parasitic coupling between various LC-tank oscillators as well as between them and strong transmitter (TX) outputs. Any static or dynamic frequency proximity between aggressors (i.e., oscillators and TX outputs) and victims (i.e., oscillators) that share the same die causes injection pulling, which produces unwanted spurs and/or modulation distortion. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a new frequency planning technique of a multicore TX where each LC-tank oscillator is separated from other aggressors beyond its pulling range. This is done by breaking the integer harmonic frequency relationship of victims/aggressors within and between the RF transmission channels using digital fractional divider based on a phase rotation. Each oscillator’s center frequency can be fractionally separated by ～28% but, at the same time, both producing closely spaced frequencies at the phase rotator outputs. The injection-pulling spurs are so far away that they are insigni?cantly small (?80 dBc) and coincide with the second harmonic of the carrier. This method is experimentally veri?ed in a two-channel system in 65-nm digital CMOS, each channel comprising a high-swing class-C oscillator, frequency divider, and phase rotator.
关键词： digitally controlled oscillator (DCO),Digital fractional divider,RF-SoC,multi-core radio,frequency pulling,system on chip (SoC),injection locking
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 26th International Symposium on the Physical and Failure Analysis of Integrated Circuits (IPFA) - Hangzhou, China (2019.7.2-2019.7.5)] 2019 IEEE 26th International Symposium on Physical and Failure Analysis of Integrated Circuits (IPFA) - Degradation behaviour of electrical properties of inverted metamorphic four-junction (IMM4J) solar cells under 1 MeV electron irradiation
摘要： In modern RF system on chips (SoCs), the digital content consumes up to 85% of the IC chip area. The recent push to integrate multiple RF-SoC cores is met with heavy resistance by the remaining RF/analog circuitry, which creates numerous strong aggressors and weak victims leading to RF performance degradation. A key such mechanism is injection pulling through parasitic coupling between various LC-tank oscillators as well as between them and strong transmitter (TX) outputs. Any static or dynamic frequency proximity between aggressors (i.e., oscillators and TX outputs) and victims (i.e., oscillators) that share the same die causes injection pulling, which produces unwanted spurs and/or modulation distortion. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a new frequency planning technique of a multicore TX where each LC-tank oscillator is separated from other aggressors beyond its pulling range. This is done by breaking the integer harmonic frequency relationship of victims/aggressors within and between the RF transmission channels using digital fractional divider based on a phase rotation. Each oscillator’s center frequency can be fractionally separated by ～28% but, at the same time, both producing closely spaced frequencies at the phase rotator outputs. The injection-pulling spurs are so far away that they are insigni?cantly small (?80 dBc) and coincide with the second harmonic of the carrier. This method is experimentally veri?ed in a two-channel system in 65-nm digital CMOS, each channel comprising a high-swing class-C oscillator, frequency divider, and phase rotator.
关键词： digitally controlled oscillator (DCO),Digital fractional divider,RF-SoC,multi-core radio,frequency pulling,system on chip (SoC),injection locking
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59