- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
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[American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 2019 Boston, Massachusetts July 7- July 10, 2019 - ()] 2019 Boston, Massachusetts July 7- July 10, 2019 - <i>Laser detection of the boundary of UAV spray operation</i>
摘要： The agricultural plant protection UAV is beneficial to reducing pesticide, improving utilization rate, reducing harm to human beings and animals. The boundary detection and identification of the drone spray operation is an important aspect of the UAV spraying. The two-dimensional laser scanning range finder has the function of measuring object reflection characteristics. In order to obtain the detailed field information in the sampling interval, the laser detection system constructed not only measures the distance from the UAV to the rice and ridge, but also measures the reflection value of the rice and ridge. The distance between the rice and ridge is used as the threshold to identify the boundary. The signal division point appears near 1m with a variance of 0.27m. In the process of segmentation, there are many misjudgment points on the left side of the laser emission origin. Accurate identification of boundaries can provide a basis for path planning, especially the UAV spraying.
关键词： Boundary identification,UAV,2D Laser Range finder,Height measurement,GPS
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Analysis of Laser Ranges and Angular Measurements Data Fusion for Space Debris Orbit Determination
摘要： In the framework of space debris, the orbit determination process is a fundamental step, both, for researchers and for satellite operators. The accurate knowledge of the orbit of space debris objects is needed to allow space debris characterization studies and to avoid unnecessary collision avoidance maneuvers. The accuracy of the results of an orbit determination process depends on several factors as the number, the accuracy, the kind of processed measurements, their distribution along the orbit, and the object-observer relative geometry. When the observation coverage of the target orbit is not homogeneous, the accuracy of the orbit determination can be improved processing di?erent kind of observables. Recent studies showed that the satellite laser ranging technique can be successfully applied to space debris. In this paper, we will investigate the bene?ts of using laser ranges and angular measurements for the orbit determination process. We will analyze the in?uence of the number of used observations, of the covered arc of orbit, of each observable, and of the observation geometry on the estimated parameters. Finally, using data acquired on short observation arcs, we analyze the achievable accuracies for the orbital regimes with the highest space debris density, and to the consequences of the data fusion on catalog maintenance operations. The results shown are obtained using only real data (both angular and laser measurements) provided by sensors of the Swiss Optical Ground Station and Geodynamics Observatory Zimmerwald owned by the Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern (AIUB) and for some studies also using ranges provided from other stations of the International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS).
关键词： orbit determination,real range measurements,data fusion,real angular measurements,accuracy improvements,space debris
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Improved Reverse Leakage Current in GaInN-based LEDs with a Sputtered AlN Buffer Layer
摘要： In this study, the improvement of reverse leakage current characteristics with a sputtered (SP) -AlN buffer layer in GaInN-based green light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has been presented for the first time. To understand the origin of the improvement, a detailed review and careful analysis of reverse leakage current characteristics were performed. The review and analysis identified that the improvement was primarily caused by the suppression of variable-range-hopping process obtained by replacing conventional low-temperature GaN buffer. Verification that threading dislocations and V- defects can enhance the variable-range-hopping process has been received. We believe that this study will contribute to the realization of green LEDs with advantages of high reliability, a long lifetime, and electrical robustness.
关键词： reverse leakage current,dot-like local emission,light-emitting diodes,Frenkel-Poole emission,variable-range-hopping
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Pulsed Laser Deposition of Rocksalt Magnetic Binary Oxides
摘要： Magnetic binary oxides with the rocksalt structure constitute an important class of materials for potential applications as electronic or electrochemical devices. Moreover, they often become a theoretical playground, due to the simple electronic and crystal structures, in the quest for novel phenomena. For these possibilities to be realized, a necessary prerequisite would be to grow atomically ordered and controllably-strained binary oxides on proper substrates. Here we systematically explore the use of pulsed laser deposition technique (PLD) to grow three basic oxides that have rocksalt structure but different chemical stability in the ambient atmosphere: NiO (stable), MnO (metastable) and EuO (unstable). By tuning laser fluence FL, an epitaxial single-phase NiO thin-film growth can be achieved in a wide range of growth temperatures 10 ≤ TG ≤750 °C. At the lowest TG, the out-of-plane strain raises to 1.5%, which is five times higher than in NiO film grown at 750 °C. MnO thin films that had long-range order were successfully deposited on the MgO substrates after appropriate tuning of deposition parameters. The growth of MnO phase was strongly influenced by FL and the TG. EuO films with satisfactory quality were deposited by PLD after oxygen availability had been minimized. Synthesis of EuO thin films at rather low TG = 350 °C prevented thermally-driven lattice relaxation and allowed growth of strained films. Overall, PLD was a quick and reliable method to grow binary oxides with rocksalt structure in high quality that can satisfy requirements for applications and for basic research.
关键词： Thin films,Nickel monoxide,Long-range ordered,Manganese monoxide,Europium monoxide,Strain engineering
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - The Photonic Guitar Pickup: A High-Sensitivity, High-Bandwidth Fiber Strain Sensor
摘要： The photonic guitar pickup: a high-sensitivity, high-bandwidth fiber strain sensor. Fiber-strain sensors have found numerous applications from structural health monitoring for vibrations, to pressure and temperature sensing. Many of these sensors exploit the strain-sensitivity of the reflection wavelength of fiber-bragg gratings, (cid:83)-shifted gratings or other waveguide devices. The strain is typically inferred from a change of reflected or transmitted light intensity. Light intensity measurements are not very robust and have an inherently limited accuracy. We propose that a frequency-based strain measurements using fiber Fabry-Perot (FFP) cavities provide not only superior sensitivity but also retain a very high measurement bandwidth. Here, we present a fiber optic vibration sensor based on an FFP cavity, which consists of a matched pair of 23 dB fiber Bragg gratings coupled to a custom-built signal processing circuit. The wavelength of a laser diode is locked to one of the many cavity resonances using the Pound–Drever–Hall scheme. We demonstrate that such a strain sensor has an ultrawide dynamic sensing range, from less than 1 Hz to clinical ultrasound frequencies near 6 MHz. Its linear sensitivity range extends from below 1 n(cid:72) to 2 (cid:80)(cid:72), and its dynamic response limit is as high as 12 m(cid:72)/s. To demonstrate the high fidelity of the strain measurements we attached the FFP cavity sensor to the top plate of an acoustic guitar and recorded several melodies. As expected the sensor system was largely immune to noise arising from optical intensity fluctuations. We made distortion-free audio recordings of musical pieces from infrasound (~8 Hz) to 30 kHz with a 50 dB dynamic range in acoustic power. The remaining noise in our measurements arises from electronic sources and not optical sources, giving hope that future developments may be able to further increase the dynamic range of the measurements, if needed. In separate experiments the same sensor was affixed to the rim of a wineglass and to the side of a steel cantilever to monitor the (photo-)acoustic response of these mechanical resonators to periodic photo-excitation. We found, for example, that the limit of detection for orthophosphate through the photoacoustic excitation of the respective molybdenum-blue complex was below 2 ppm. Finally, the sensor was embedded in tissue phantoms to validate that it accurately responds to low frequencies (heart beat) and high frequencies (ultrasound pulse). In its most recent version the laser driver and the PDH circuit are addressed through a Raspberry-Pi microcontroller, making the sensor system very compact and relatively inexpensive. We propose that sensor systems based on PDH-interrogated FFP-sensor heads are robust and versatile for a large variety of monitoring applications.
关键词： Fabry-Perot cavity,vibration sensor,dynamic range,Pound–Drever–Hall scheme,fiber strain sensor
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Legibility of Light-Emitting Diode Destination Indicators Mounted on the Front of Public Buses
摘要： Light-emitting diode (LED) destination indicators mounted on the front of buses enable pedestrians to quickly identify bus numbers. In this study, the factors affecting their legibility were investigated. We aimed to deduce the process of enhancing the legibility of LED destination indicators. Combinations of different text colors, text fonts and information display locations were investigated in this study. Significant differences were observed at the longest visual range when these combinations were used. The optimal information display was obtained using the New Johnston Medium typeface with yellow font color on a black background. For the glare distance, significant differences were observed when different information display locations were used. Superior results were obtained when information was centered. This study is of practical importance to people who depend on public transport, especially those in an emergency. In the future, these results can be used as a guide for designing LED destination indicators that are mounted on the front of public buses.
关键词： legibility,information display location,visual range,glare distance
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Slipped Structure of Covalent Organic Framework Facilitates Two‐Photon Adsorption for Improving Near‐Infrared Excited Fluorescence Imaging
摘要： Fluorescent materials exhibiting the characteristics of strong two-photon absorption (TPA) are extensively used for nonlinear optics, bio-imaging and phototherapy. One practical approach to obtain fluorescent materials with high TPA performance is to polymerize molecular chromophores to form π-conjugated structure. This leads to the increase in TPA cross-section per chromophore, however, efforts to towards this direction was capped by the lack of long-range ordering in the structure and the strong π-π stacking between the chromophores. Here, we reported the rational design of benzothiadiazole-based covalent organic framework (COF) for promoting TPA performance and obtaining the efficient two-photon excited fluorescence. Structure characterizations and spectroscopic studies revealed that the enhancement in TPA performance was attributed to the donor-π-acceptor-π-donor (D-π-A-π-D) configuration of the chromophore, long-range order, and large π-conjugation domain of COF crystals. The structural slipping in TPA-COF not only attenuates the π-π stacking interaction between the layers, but more importantly, overcomes the aggregation-caused emission quenching of the chromophores for improving near-infrared two-photon excited fluorescence imaging.
关键词： covalent organic framework,long-range order,two-photon absorption,slipped structure,fluorescence imaging
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Implementation of a pulse-type laser detection and ranging system based on heterodyne detection for long-range measurement with high repetition rate
摘要： This paper presents the implementation of a pulse-type LAser Detection And Ranging (LADAR) system based on heterodyne detection for long-range measurement. A pulse-type LADAR based on an intensity direct-detection is certainly simple and mature, but it requires a high peak-power laser and a low-noise avalanche photodiode for long-range measurement, which restricts the scope of the application due to the weight, power consumption, and cost of the laser and the photodetector. In this work, heterodyne detection using a PIN photodiode is implemented to increase receiver sensitivity instead of using a low-noise avalanche photodiode. An optical phase-locked loop is adopted to generate an optical local oscillator signal for heterodyne detection. The proposed heterodyne detection scheme achieves a minimum detectable signal level of ?52.6 dBm at a bandwidth of 1.2 GHz, and it is adopted in a pulse-type LADAR system for long-range measurement. The pulse-type LADAR system can measure a distance of 2.77 km at a repetition rate of 40 kHz, and it demonstrates great advantages for realizing real-time 3D imaging for long-range measurement with a high frame rate.
关键词： LADAR,optical phase-locked loop,long-range measurement,heterodyne detection,high repetition rate
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Slipped Structure of Covalent Organic Framework Facilitates Two-Photon Adsorption for Improving Near-Infrared Excited Fluorescence Imaging
摘要： Fluorescent materials exhibiting the characteristics of strong two-photon absorption (TPA) are extensively used for nonlinear optics, bio-imaging and phototherapy. One practical approach to obtain fluorescent materials with high TPA performance is to polymerize molecular chromophores to form π-conjugated structure. This leads to the increase in TPA cross-section per chromophore, however, efforts to towards this direction was capped by the lack of long-range ordering in the structure and the strong π-π stacking between the chromophores. Here, we reported the rational design of benzothiadiazole-based covalent organic framework (COF) for promoting TPA performance and obtaining the efficient two-photon excited fluorescence. Structure characterizations and spectroscopic studies revealed that the enhancement in TPA performance was attributed to the donor-π-acceptor-π-donor (D-π-A-π-D) configuration of the chromophore, long-range order, and large π-conjugation domain of COF crystals. The structural slipping in TPA-COF not only attenuates the π-π stacking interaction between the layers, but more importantly, overcomes the aggregation-caused emission quenching of the chromophores for improving near-infrared two-photon excited fluorescence imaging.
关键词： covalent organic framework,long-range order,two-photon absorption,slipped structure,fluorescence imaging
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Handbook of Graphene || Modelling of Graphene Nanoribbons Antenna Based on MoM‐GEC Method to Enhance Nanocommunications in Terahertz Range
摘要： In this chapter, we present an electromagnetic modelling formulation of graphene nanoribbon antenna based on moments method combined to the generalized equivalent circuit method (MoM-GEC). The electrical properties of graphene are introduced in the mathematical formulation via a quantum mechanical conductivity deduced from the Kubo formalism. The antenna structure is shielded in a rectangular waveguide with electric boundary walls. Next, the global antenna structure is modelled by an electric equivalent circuit to investigate the antenna parameters. It is proved that, graphene nanoribbon-based antenna presents similar performances as well as conventional one, hence allowing to work at terahertz frequencies range. The high input impedance of a single graphene nanoribbon antenna causes an impedance mismatch problem, which requires the use of an antenna array. So, the coupling phenomena have been well studied in order to optimize the antenna response. Obtained numerical results show that the antenna resonant frequency is very sensitive to the variation of the graphene chemical potential. This leads to a reconfigurable antenna by a simple control of bias voltage. On the other hand, it is showed that, at terahertz frequencies, graphene nanoribbon antenna array allows to enhance the far field communication for short distances, which is beneficial for nanocommunications.
关键词： antenna array,nanocommunications,dynamic conductivity,terahertz range,nanoantenna,MoM-GEC method,Graphene nanoribbon
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04