- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
-
Quantum dot nanoconjugates for immuno-detection of circulating cell-free miRNAs
摘要： Argonaute protein (AGO2) bound circulating cell-free miRNAs (ccf-miRs), in the recent years, has attracted great attention due to their differential abundance in biological fluids. In the present work, a selective and technically uncomplicated quantum dot (QD) nanoconjugate has been fabricated combining the specific affinity of the antibody and fluorescent property of QDs for the precise immuno-detection of AGO2-bound ccf-miRs in plasma samples. The electrophoretic mobility assay confirmed the conjugation of antibody with QDs. The detection methodology involves a highly specific antigen-antibody reaction between the AGO2 proteins of miRNA-induced silencing complex and the anti-AGO2 antibody conjugated with QDs. The recognition efficiency of QD-Ab nanoconjugates was analysed using flow cytometry and fluorometry.The flow cytometry results demonstrated a significant change in the fluorescence intensity of the prepared nanoconjugates upon capture of ccf-miRs in the plasma samples with respect to the samples devoid of any miRNAs. Fluorometry measurements exhibited corroboration with the flow cytometry results indicating the selectivity and reproducibility of the developed method. Current research highlights the translational significance of the methodology as a novel flow cytometry based immunoassay for detection of differentially expressed AGO2-bound miRNAs in clinical and field settings.
关键词： Immunosensor,Circulating nucleic acids,Translational research,Point-of-care assay
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
-
Narrowing Linewidth of Wavelength-Swept Active Mode Locking Laser Based on Cross Gain Modulation
摘要： South Korea’s Rural Development Administration embarked on the Korean Programs on International Agriculture (KOPIA) in six developing countries for agricultural development assistance in 2009, and the programs were undertaken in 21 countries in 2018. The purposes of the KOPIA are to introduce new agricultural technologies by cooperative research and development, and to extend developed technologies to farmers and agricultural businesses. In this paper, the economic e?ects of the KOPIA are estimated in 23 recipient countries in terms of their production and value-added inducement e?ect. In doing so, the inter-industry relation analysis method is used with an input-output table for each country from the Eora multi-region input-output (Eora MRIO) database. From the analysis between 2009 and 2017, the production inducement e?ect (PIE) by the KOPIA in the 23 countries is estimated to total US$99 million, accounting for 1.7 times its total budget of US$58.9 million, and the value-added inducement e?ect (VIE) in the 13 countries is estimated to total US$23.9 million. More importantly, the PIE and VIE continue to be higher in some countries, and the annual VIE tends to increase in most of the countries. These ?ndings imply that the research-led KOPIA has contributed to agricultural development and further economic growth through inter-industrial relations in the recipients.
关键词： Korean Programs on International Agriculture,Agricultural Development Assistance,Research-led Agricultural Development,O?cial Development Assistance,South Korea’s Rural Development Administration
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
-
Establishing a Canadian free-electron laser research program
摘要： The Canadian Scienti?c and Engineering community recognizes the need to establish a free-electron laser (FEL)-based program of research. This program should focus on applications in chemistry, biology, physics, materials science, nanotechnology, earth and environmental science, and medicine, and it should include developmental engineering and machine physics. The expert community concludes that the unique capabilities of FELs can offer new and remarkable insights across a diverse range of scienti?c ?elds. A strategic approach to develop world-class infrared FEL science in Canada is proposed.
关键词： infrared,FEL,research program,Canada,free-electron laser
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
-
SoilJ: An ImageJ Plugin for the Semiautomatic Processing of Three-Dimensional X-ray Images of Soils
摘要： Noninvasive three- and four-dimensional X-ray imaging approaches have proved to be valuable analysis tools for vadose zone research. One of the main bottlenecks for applying X-ray imaging to data sets with a large number of soil samples is the relatively large amount of time and expertise needed to extract quantitative data from the respective images. SoilJ is a plugin for the free and open imaging software ImageJ that aims at automating the corresponding processing steps for cylindrical soil columns. It includes modules for automatic column outline recognition, correction of image intensity bias, image segmentation, extraction of particulate organic matter and roots, soil surface topography detection, as well as morphology and percolation analyses. In this study, the functionality and precision of some key SoilJ features were demonstrated on five different image data sets of soils. SoilJ has proved to be useful for strongly decreasing the amount of time required for image processing of large image data sets. At the same time, it allows researchers with little experience in image processing to make use of X-ray imaging methods. The SoilJ source code is freely available and may be modified and extended at will by its users. It is intended to stimulate further community-driven development of this software.
关键词： ImageJ plugin,image processing,SoilJ,3-D X-ray imaging,vadose zone research
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
-
IR and Vendors: Selecting the Right Product
摘要： Choosing the right software or tools for data dissemination, dashboards, or analysis at higher education institutions (HEIs) requires numerous things and can often be bewildering. The process should be a systematic and objective assessment resulting in a decision to accept or reject (Uzoka, Akinnuwesi, Oluwole, Adekoya, & Ebbekunle, 2016). Certain pieces are required to make this objective decision including defining needs, collecting business requirements, and understanding the climate of the institution. The latter, understanding campus climate, is about feasibility and requires investigating the resources (financial, human, technology) available, politics across departments, and ethics. This chapter reviews what it takes to choose the right software product for an HEI.
关键词： system development life cycle,higher education institutions,institutional research,software selection,vendor products
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
-
Barriers to Large-scale Solar Power in Tanzania
摘要： The Tanzanian official power system expansion plan shows a dominant dependence on fossil fuel-fired power plants till 2040. Hence identifying and analysing the underlying barriers for the deployment of large-scale renewables are essential. This study investigates the barriers to large-scale solar power in Tanzania. Key institutional, financial, and technological barriers are identified at different levels. The study uses a qualitative methodology where primary data is collected through 30 semi-structured interviews with experts representing the main electricity sector's stakeholders from public institutions, research institutions, private investors, civil society organizations, development partners, and financial institutions. A stakeholder-based approach which emphasizes the different perceptions of the stakeholder's groups is used to identify the barriers. Institutional barriers for the diffusion of large-scale solar power technologies are found to be predominant, and they often trigger financial and technological barriers. The study consolidates the view that foreign investment and aid directed to expand electrification in Sub-Saharan Africa need to be reshaped in order to be a driving force towards sustainable energy transition in the region. The study argues for the possibility to work on the compatible interests between the pro-renewables development partners and the Tanzanian government (which considers expanding electrification as a political priority) through introducing large-scale solar power projects that help in expanding electrification while being technically and financially supported by the development partners.
关键词： Renewable energy,Qualitative research,Tanzania,Barrier analysis,Stakeholder-based approach,Sub-Saharan Africa
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
-
Nanoimaging of food proteins by atomic force microscopy. Part I: Components, imaging modes, observation ways, and research types
摘要： AFM has become an important nanotech tool to analyze proteins and many food scientists have used it to analyze food proteins in the past three decades. This review focuses on the application of AFM nanoimaging and contains two parts. In this part I, the AFM components, imaging modes, observation ways, and research types according to different research needs are reviewed and discussed in this part I. The advantages and disadvantages of AFM for food protein nanoimaging are also discussed. The part I of this review provides comprehensive technical information of AFM nanoimaging for food proteins.
关键词： operational mode,atomic force microscopy,nanoimaging,food protein,research types
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
-
[ACS Symposium Series] Raman Spectroscopy in the Undergraduate Curriculum Volume 1305 || Research with Undergraduates at the Intersection of Chemistry and Art: Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Studies of Oil Paintings
摘要： Undergraduate students are provided increasingly the opportunity to explore Raman spectroscopy as a part of their physical and analytical chemistry courses. Here, we describe a new approach for engaging undergraduate students with Raman spectroscopy in the research lab setting. In particular, Wustholz at William & Mary and Svoboda at Colonial Williamsburg engage in productive collaboration wherein develop surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based methods to identify fugitive pigments in art. In this chapter, we present several case studies that highlight the pedagogical journeys of student researchers working at the intersection of chemistry and art. We describe how this collaborative SERS research has led to discovery, innovation, and the professional development of undergraduates.
关键词： surface-enhanced Raman scattering,SERS,chemistry and art,undergraduate research,Raman spectroscopy,fugitive pigments
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
-
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy: Applications in Medicine
摘要： Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is rapidly gaining ground in modern clinical research. This technique is useful for understanding a wide variety of applications ranging from characterization and quality control of various compounds to biomedicine. Importantly, biological materials like proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids have unique structures so it is possible to obtain spectral fingerprints corresponding to their functional groups. FTIR spectroscopic techniques generate an immediate appeal in the field of biology and medicine because of their fast and non-invasive nature. It allows easy visualization of cellular components based on their intrinsic properties and chemical composition. It provides a potential route to screen diagnostic markers for diseases like cancer. FTIR spectroscopy is also considered as a useful tool for analysis of the chemical composition of human calculi. Analysis of stone samples from recurrent stone formers by FTIR may provide a clue to effective prevention of stone recurrence [1]. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy has proven to be a fundamental and valuable technique in biology and medicine due to its high sensitivity to detecting changes in the functional groups belonging to tissue components such as lipids, proteins and nucleic acids [2]. Infrared spectra of human and animal tissues could provide information on the molecular structure of tissues. FT-IR has been extensively applied for the determination of a biochemical metabolite in biological fluids. Diagnosis of various types of malignancies such as lung, breast, skin, cervical and colon cancers is already reported in the literature. The spectra are analysed for changes in levels of molecules such as RNA, DNA, phosphates, and carbohydrates. Variation of the RNA/DNA ratio as measured at 1121/1020 cm-1 generally show higher ratio for malignant tissues compared to their non-malignant counterpart. Changes in the spectra of malignant samples were also observed in the symmetric and asymmetric stretching bands of the phosphodiester backbones of nucleic acids, the CH stretching region, the C-O stretching bands of the C-OH groups of carbohydrates and cellular protein residuals, and the pressure dependence of the CH2 stretching mode [3]. The changes in the FTIR spectra correlate to modification of bases and sugars, and redistribution of the H-bond network. The loss/change in the covalent bonds due to damage in the primary, secondary and tertiary structure of nucleic acids can be observed in the spectra. These changes involved the phosphate and C-O stretching bands, the CH stretch region, and the pressure dependence of the CH2 bending and C=O stretching modes. FTIR micro spectroscopy has also been used as a fast diagnostic technique to identify drugs targeting specific molecular pathways causing chronic myeloid leukaemia. Chemometric data analysis was used to assess drug compounds in ex vivo cancer cells [4]. Substantial progress has been made in incorporating advances in computational methods into the system to increase the sensitivity of the entire setup, making it an objective and sensitive technique suitable for automation to suit the demands of the medical community. FTIR spectroscopy provides the possibility of obtaining information on molecular composition and structure at the level of single cell within a time-scale of few seconds-minutes and to perform qualitative and quantitative multi-component analyses. It helps in automated pattern recognition and objective classifications of samples with minimal and label-free sample treatment. The technical improvements will progressively increase the number of potential applications of micro FT-IR to cancer research and clinical diagnosis. It may be hoped that the future pre-clinical and clinical trials will include sample evaluation utilizing this technique in order to obtain data necessary to validate the use of micro FT-IR spectroscopy in a clinical context. In fact, this appears to be the most important way to reduce the high level of skepticism of many biologists and pathologists about an old technology that has been designed and improved mainly for applications in clinical diagnosis including cancer research.
关键词： cancer research,biomedicine,clinical diagnosis,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,FTIR,clinical research
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
-
[IEEE 2018 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica - Cape Town, South Africa (2018.6.28-2018.6.29)] 2018 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica - Effects of Grass and Concrete Reflective Surface on the Performance of Dual Axis Bifacial Solar PV Systems
摘要： Consumers are shifting towards renewable energy, particularly solar energy, due to the high cost and demand of conventional electricity. The Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Energy Centre has a vision of creating an Energy Autonomous Campus where the entire energy demand is supplied by renewable energy source. As part of this program, solar PV plants are being installed and commissioned at the Pretoria campus. This paper focuses on comparing two dual axis bifacial PV tracker systems of 11.34 KWp out of the complete installation of 17 tracker systems installed at CSIR. The remaining 15 tracker systems are dual axis of 11.97kWp with mono-C-Si technology. Literature shows that surface underneath the bifacial PV system plays a major role in increasing the amount of incident light reflected to the rear part of the PV trackers, depending on the type of material used such as rough, smooth, hard surfaces and the colour of the surface. The lighter the colour of the surface the better the reflection. This study looked at a grass surface and a grey concrete surface, and it was found that the difference in the power produced is insignificant. It is then concluded that the results are in line with the literature. It is therefore recommended that further studies be carried out to compare these two surfaces to a lighter surface (white).
关键词： Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Energy Centre,Photovoltaic (PV),Tip-Tilt trackers (TTDAT) or Azimuth-Altitude trackers (AADAT)
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46