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[EcoProduction] Biotechnology Products in Everyday Life || Performance Evaluation of Solar Energy-Based Distillation System for Groundwater Purification: A Green Concept for Rural Development of Indian Villages
摘要： Globally, increasing water pollution and lack of safe drinking water has raised an alarming situation. There are breaching water treatment systems which are increasing the rate of mortality by severely affecting the health and severe health effects due to lack of potable water. This guides us to develop and initiate sustainable solutions for both urban and rural communities. A common solution for many water-related key issues like an assurance to its availability, its reliability, and purity can be dealt with the development of low-tech systems which re?ect and promote long-term sustainable solutions. The following chapter discusses a process that harnesses the solar energy for the removal of arsenic contamination in water, followed by phytoremediation to treat the generated waste to meet the disposal requirements. The chapter also throws light on alternative solutions relying on solar energy for rural development, with economic evaluation to address the vulnerability of residents in context to the changing environment, climate change, and groundwater pollution, etc. The chapter opens new roads of environmental sciences taking the lead for agricultural biotechnological problems of groundwater contamination.
关键词： Rural development,Public health,Solar energy,Groundwater pollution,Climate change and vulnerability,Remediation
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Green Energy based Thermochemical and Photochemical Hydrogen Production
摘要： A significant amount of hydrogen is required to satisfy the hydroprocessing needs of petroleum refinery, natural gas cleaning, and biofuel upgrading. Meanwhile, hydrogen is a very promising candidate of energy due to its high energy output per mass unit as compared to other sources of energy. In this article, the production of hydrogen is overviewed from the traditional technology as the thermochemical processes of fossil fuels to the current development in photoelectrochemical processes or even hybrid technologies. The catalysts for methane reforming and visible-light absorption were summarized. Both processes employ oxides as the catalyst. Because catalytic oxides are mostly lack of visible-light absorption function, the visible-light absorption properties could be rendered by doping these oxides with metal, nitrogen, or even sulfur. Further complete substitution of the oxygen atoms leads to non-oxide catalyst. Moreover, multidimensional photochemical catalysts have acquired more attention over traditional powered catalysts. Finally, a vision is exhibited for the efficiency and the future trends on production of H2.
关键词： Tri-reforming,catalyst,Biomass,Electrolysis,Dry Reforming,Hydrogen Production,Steam Reforming,Methane,Autothermal Reforming,Solar energy,Gasification,Coal
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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[Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems] Renewable Energy for Smart and Sustainable Cities Volume 62 (Artificial Intelligence in Renewable Energetic Systems) || Design of Stand-Alone PV System to Provide Electricity for a House in Adrar, Algeria
摘要： This paper presents a design of stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) system to generate electricity in a house in Adrar, 1 year recorded solar radiation is used for the design of PV solar energy system. The proposed system takes into account the meteorological data of the site of Adrar and the needs of electric charge of the house; in 2015 annual average solar energy resource available is 6.45 KWh/m2/day and energy which are consumed by electrical house loads in a course of 1 year is 2575.07 kWh. The paper provides a general understanding of a photovoltaic system to electrify individual housing in rural areas and how can be practically applied solar energy to power the house.
关键词： Solar energy,PV systems,Power,Stand-alone
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica - Cape Town, South Africa (2018.6.28-2018.6.29)] 2018 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica - Design of a Grid-Connected Solar System for Borehole Pumps
摘要： This paper present grid-connected Solar System to energize 3-phase borehole motors, the solar system will be the primary source of energy and the local electricity network will be used as back-up during the day night unfavorable weather conditions (cloudy or rainy days). The design solar energy system will supply the borehole motors with energy harnessed from the sun. The borehole motors that are to be supplied only operate during the day, hence this solution aims to take advantage of this by harnessing energy from the sun to run the motors. The process of converting DC electrical energy into AC electrical energy to be used by the load; will be managed by SMA inverters that will ensure that supply to the motors is as good as the one supplied by the utility grid.
关键词： Utility Power,SMA Inverters,Solar Energy,Grid-Connected,Borehole
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Alternative designs of parabolic trough solar collectors
摘要： Parabolic trough collector (PTC) is the most established solar concentrating technology worldwide. The conventional parabolic trough collectors are used in various applications of medium and high-temperature levels. However, there are numerous studies which investigate alternative designs. The reasons for examining different PTC configurations regard the thermal efficiency increase, the reduction of the manufacturing cost and the development of more compact designs. The objective of this review paper is to summarize the existing alternative designs of PTC and to suggest the future trends in this area. Optical and thermal modifications are examined, as well as the use of concentrating thermal photovoltaic collectors. The optical modifications include designs with secondary concentrators, stationary concentrators and strategies for achieving uniform heat flux. The thermal modifications regard the use of nanofluids, turbulators and the use of thermally modified receivers with insulation, double-coating and radiation shields. The concentrating thermal photovoltaics are systems with flat or triangular receivers which can operate in low or in medium temperature levels with the proper alternative designs. It has been found that there are many promising choices for designing PTC with higher thermal performance and lower cost. The conclusions of this work can be used as guidelines for future trends in linear parabolic concentrating technologies.
关键词： Nanofluids,Solar energy,Alternative design,Secondary reflector,Parabolic trough collector,Thermal enhancement
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Roof characteristics for integrated solar collection in dwellings of Real-Estate developments in Concepción, Chile
摘要： This paper presents an analysis of the roofs of recently built single-family homes in Concepción, Chile in order to identify their potential for integrated solar energy collection. It seeks to promote the installation of domestic renewable energy systems in the face of growing residential energy consumption. The study comprises 2,139 homes in the district, all of which are part of residential developments built since 2006 (68.28% of total homes built over this period). The houses all have pitched roofs with a mean azimuth of 37.48°. The largest or second largest roof section was identified for each housing model, facing north, east or west with an average area of 33.9 sqm. This roof surface receives a total annual solar radiation of between 954 kWh/sqm and 1,732.8 kW/sqm (depending on size, azimuth and pitch), which, equipped with average-performance integrated photovoltaic panels, could supply a mean value of 6.317.2 kWh/year. This production could fully supply the average household annual electricity consumption, with surplus production either fed into the national grid or contributing to household heating needs. Dual production was also assessed with thermo-photovoltaic hybrid technology that could double useful energy production. Results show that the roof characteristics of new housing are compatible with integrated solar collection.
关键词： Housing,chile,architectural integration,roofing,solar energy
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Experimental investigation and CFD analysis of a solar hybrid PV/T system for the sustainable development of the rural northern part of Bangladesh
摘要： An attempt has been made to utilise solar energy more e?ciently by developing the single pass hybrid photovoltaic thermal system at the climatic condition of Bangladesh. As the electric energy conversion e?ciency of the photovoltaic module falls with the surrounding temperature and air or water used as a suitable solution to make it cool. In this study, air was used as the cooling medium for the solar panel and circular copper tube was placed on the glazed collector for water heating to ensure maximum exploitation of solar energy. Moreover, the photovoltaic panel power was used to circulate the air and make the system self-powered. Maximum collector e?ciency was 24.64% for water and 11.20% for air is observed at a mass ?ow rate 0.00158 and 0.00221 kg/s for water and air respectively at a solar radiation of 1050 W/m2. In addition, the combined e?ciency of the hybrid system was about 39.68%. By adding glycerin with water at a ratio of 50:1 (% of weight) the combined e?ciency reached up to 45.76%. The computational ?uid dynamics (CFD) simulation and economic analysis of the designed system strongly support the feasibility of the solar hybrid photovoltaic thermal system as the future sustainable energy source.
关键词： CFD simulation,Solar energy,feasibility analysis,hybrid PV/T
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Hourly PV production estimation by means of an exportable Multiple Linear Regression model
摘要： The current state of photovoltaic (PV) electricity integration is demanding several strategies that control the optimal performance of PV plants. Cleaning the PV plant, controlling PV production or the estimation of the electricity generation, are some relevant items related to the PV systems. In general, the soiling, the clouds and another climatological factors are involved in the final PV production. For knowing the performance of a PV system, it is necessity to model the PV plant behavior according to these relevant variables. In this work, a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model has been presented to determine the hourly PV production by using the Performance Ratio (PR) factor, according to different technologies: Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) and multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si). In this sense, data from several PV plants were studied in different Chile regions: San Pedro de Atacama and Antofagasta. With this study, it has been determined that the model can be extrapolated to different climatological emplacements, where generally, the root mean square error (RMSE) presents values lower than 16% in all cases, having the best result the CdTe technology.
关键词： Solar Energy,PV estimation,mc-Si,Multiple Linear Regression,CdTe,Performance Ratio
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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AIP Conference Proceedings [Author(s) OIL AND GAS ENGINEERING (OGE-2018) - Omsk, Russia (26 February–2 March 2018)] - Influence of the average daily outdoor air parameters on the efficiency of solar lithium bromide-water absorption refrigeration machine
摘要： In this research, the authors have investigated the influence of changes in the average daily temperature and humidity on the efficiency of solar lithium bromide-water absorption cooling system working on solar energy for the purposes of conditioning and condensing moisture from the air. The analysis of thermodynamic cycles at various schematic solutions of lithium bromide-water refrigeration machine has been made. Minimum temperature values of the heating source at which it is possible to receive fresh water for the cities of Dubai, Singapore and Chongqing have been obtained.
关键词： conditioning,fresh water,lithium bromide-water absorption refrigeration machine,thermodynamic cycles,solar energy
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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[Sustainable Energy Developments] Geothermal,Wind and Solar Energy Applications in Agriculture and Aquaculture || Chapter 7: Fundamentals of solar energy
摘要： Modern agricultural systems are characterized by the intensive and optimal use of land and water, turning agricultural exploitation into a semi-industrial concept. Greenhouses are systems suitable both for zones with unfavorable climatic conditions – allowing crop growth regardless of the ambient temperature – and for regions with less restrictive weather – with the aim of increasing crop productivity and improving fruit quality. In this context, a secure and environmentally friendly energy supply must be considered, for any power range or circumstance, including for stand-alone installations. Crop growth is primarily determined by climate and the amount of water and fertilizers applied through irrigation. Therefore, greenhouses are ideal for farming because they allow one to optimize these physical parameters, via the photosynthetic process (Ramírez-Arias et al., 2012), to enhance biomass production. This manipulation requires energy consumption, depending on the crop’s physiological requirements, and the production patterns adopted for yield quantity and timing. The present general concern on the development of more efficient and sustainable productive activities has increased interest in the evaluation of alternatives to the conventional energy sources in the sector; presently many are involved in processes for assessing the environmental feasibility and technological development of such alternatives (Antón et al., 2007; Bojacá et al., 2014; Martínez-Blanco et al., 2011; Page et al., 2012; Romero-Gámez et al., 2012; Torrellas et al., 2013; van der Werf et al., 2014). This work aims to provide an overview of the existing options for the integration of renewable sources in greenhouses located in semi-arid regions where, for example, the high availability of solar radiation facilitates its use for the fulfillment of a certain percentage of the heat and/or electricity loads of greenhouses. Accordingly, this overview contains the basic technological aspects of the main renewable technologies applicable in greenhouses, some simplified design tools and criteria for their selection. Finally, it includes a summary of selected experiences in this field. The main objective is to contribute to a better understanding of the technologies that should support the promotion and development of projects for the implementation of renewable energies in agriculture.
关键词： biomass,geothermal energy,wind energy,semi-arid climates,crop growth control,renewable energy,photovoltaic,greenhouses,energy efficiency,solar energy
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14