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Shedding light on biocatalysis: photoelectrochemical platforms for solar-driven biotransformation
摘要： Redox biocatalysis has come to the forefront because of its excellent catalytic efficiency, stereoselectivity, and environmental benignity. The green and sustainable biotransformation can be driven by photoelectrochemical (PEC) platforms where redox biocatalysis is coupled with photoelectrocatalysis. The main challenge is how to transfer photoexcited electrons to (or from) the enzyme redox centers for effective biotransformation using solar energy. This review commences with a conceptual discussion of biocatalytic PEC platforms and highlights recent advances in PEC-based biotransformation through cofactor regeneration or direct transfer of charge carriers to (or from) oxidoreductases on enzyme-conjugated electrodes. Finally, we address future perspectives and potential next steps in the vibrant field of biocatalytic photosynthesis.
关键词： photoelectrochemical,cofactor regeneration,biotransformation,redox enzymes,solar-driven,biocatalysis,direct electron transfer
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Two-dimensional-related catalytic materials for solar-driven conversion of CO <sub/>x</sub> into valuable chemical feedstocks
摘要： The discovery of improved chemical processes for CO and CO2 hydrogenation to valuable hydrocarbon fuels and alcohols is of paramount importance for the chemical industry. Such technologies have the potential to reduce anthropogenic CO2 emissions by adding value to a waste stream, whilst also reducing our consumption of fossil fuels. Current thermal catalytic technologies available for CO and CO2 hydrogenation are demanding in terms of energy input. Various alternative technologies are now being developed for COx hydrogenation, with solar-driven processes over two-dimensional (2D) and 2D-related composite materials being particularly attractive due to the abundance of solar energy on Earth and also the high selectivity of defect-engineered 2D materials towards specific valuable products under very mild reaction conditions. This review showcases recent advances in the solar-driven COx reduction to hydrocarbons over 2D-based materials. Optimization of 2D catalyst performance demands interdisciplinary research that embraces catalyst electronic structure manipulation and morphology control, surface/interface engineering, reactor engineering and density functional theory modelling studies. Through improved understanding of the structure–performance relationships in 2D-related catalysts which is achievable through the application of modern in situ characterization techniques, practical photo/photothermal/photoelectrochemical technologies for CO and CO2 reduction to high-valuable products such as olefins could be realized in the not-too-distant future.
关键词： hydrocarbons,feedstocks,two-dimensional materials,solar-driven conversion,catalysis,COx reduction
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Solar-driven interfacial evaporation
摘要： As a ubiquitous solar-thermal energy conversion process, solar-driven evaporation has attracted tremendous research attention owing to its high conversion efficiency of solar energy and transformative industrial potential. In recent years, solar-driven interfacial evaporation by localization of solar-thermal energy conversion to the air/liquid interface has been proposed as a promising alternative to conventional bulk heating-based evaporation, potentially reducing thermal losses and improving energy conversion efficiency. In this Review, we discuss the development of the key components for achieving high-performance evaporation, including solar absorbers, evaporation structures, thermal insulators and thermal concentrators, and discuss how they improve the performance of the solar-driven interfacial evaporation system. We describe the possibilities for applying this efficient solar-driven interfacial evaporation process for energy conversion applications. The exciting opportunities and challenges in both fundamental research and practical implementation of the solar-driven interfacial evaporation process are also discussed.
关键词： energy conversion,thermal insulators,thermal concentrators,solar absorbers,evaporation structures,interfacial evaporation,solar-driven evaporation,solar-thermal energy conversion
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Graphene-based plasmonic nanocomposites for highly enhanced solar-driven photocatalytic activities
摘要： High-efficiency photocatalysts are crucial for the removal of organic pollutants and environmental sustainability. In the present work, we report on a new low-temperature hydrothermal chemical method, assisted by ultrasonication, to synthesize disruptive plasmonic ZnO/graphene/Ag/AgI nanocomposites for solar-driven photocatalysis. The plasmonic nanocomposites were investigated by a wide range of characterization techniques, confirming successful formation of photocatalysts with excellent degradation efficiency. Using Congo red as a model dye molecule, our experimental results demonstrated a photocatalytic reactivity exceeding 90% efficiency after one hour simulated solar irradiation. The significantly enhanced degradation efficiency is attributed to improved electronic properties of the nanocomposites by hybridization of the graphene and to the addition of Ag/AgI which generates a strong surface plasmon resonance effect in the metallic silver further improving the photocatalytic activity and stability under solar irradiation. Scavenger experiments suggest that superoxide and hydroxyl radicals are responsible for the photodegradation of Congo red. Our findings are important for the fundamental understanding of the photocatalytic mechanism of ZnO/graphene/Ag/AgI nanocomposites and can lead to further development of novel efficient photocatalyst materials.
关键词： Plasmonic nanocomposites,ZnO,Solar-driven,Ag/AgI,Photocatalysis,Graphene
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Metal Oxides in Energy Technologies || Solar-driven fuel production by metal-oxide thermochemical cycles
摘要： Nowadays, the need to reduce anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases due to combustion of fossil fuels causing the increase of global average surface air temperatures and the need to meet an expanding global energy demand are the most pressing challenges faced by mankind [1, 2]. Solar energy, which is clean, renewable, plentiful, and distributed, offers an intelligent solution to both challenges [1]. One promising approach to harvest and store solar energy is the production of synthetic fuels, that is, solar-driven fuel, via high-temperature thermochemical processes. Solar-driven fuel has significant advantages for long-time storage and/or long-distance transportation of energy [3, 4]. It not only is an appealing supplement or alternative to fossil fuels, but also has the potential to alleviate concerns environment, security, and price volatility, which are associated with the production, transportation, and consumption of fossil fuels, especially imported petroleum [5].
关键词： Solar-driven fuel production,energy demand,metal-oxide thermochemical cycles,solar energy,synthetic fuels,greenhouse gases
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Efficient solar-driven electrocatalytic CO2 reduction in a redox-medium-assisted system
摘要： Solar-driven electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction is capable of producing value-added chemicals and represents a potential route to alleviate carbon footprint in the global environment. However, the ever-changing sunlight illumination presents a substantial impediment of maintaining high electrocatalytic efficiency and stability for practical applications. Inspired by green plant photosynthesis with separate light reaction and (dark) carbon fixation steps, herein, we developed a redox-medium-assisted system that proceeds water oxidation with a nickel-iron hydroxide electrode under light illumination and stores the reduction energy using a zinc/zincate redox, which can be controllably released to spontaneously reduce CO2 into carbon monoxide (CO) with a gold nanocatalyst in dark condition. This redox-medium-assisted system enables a record-high solar-to-CO photoconversion efficiency of 15.6% under 1-sun intensity, and an outstanding electric energy efficiency of 63%. Furthermore, it allows a unique tuning capability of the solar-to-CO efficiency and selectivity by the current density applied during the carbon fixation.
关键词： solar-driven,electric energy efficiency,solar-to-CO photoconversion efficiency,redox-medium-assisted system,electrocatalytic CO2 reduction
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Exergy Analysis of Two Kinds of Solar-Driven Cogeneration Systems in Lhasa, Tibet, China
摘要： In this study, an exergy analysis of two kinds of solar-driven cogeneration systems consisting of solar collectors and an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is presented for series mode and parallel mode. Three kinds of solar collectors are considered: ?at-plate collectors (FPC), evacuated tube collectors (ETC), and parabolic trough collectors (PTC). This study mainly compares the exergy output of the two kinds of solar cogeneration systems under di?erent temperatures of the return heating water and di?erent inlet temperatures of the solar collectors. This study shows that, from the perspective of Wnet or E?, the parallel mode is superior to the series mode. From the perspective of Ez, the parallel mode is superior to the series mode when the solar collector is FPC; however, the series mode is superior to the parallel mode when the solar collector is PTC. When the solar collector is ETC, the result depends on the temperature of the return heating water. When the temperature of the return heating water is low (below 46°C), the series mode is better, and when the temperature of the return heating water is high (above 46°C), the parallel mode is better.
关键词： solar collectors,series mode,solar-driven cogeneration systems,parallel mode,exergy analysis,organic Rankine cycle
更新于2025-09-08 09:59:03