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Highly Stable and Efficient FASnI <sub/>3</sub> ‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells by Introducing Hydrogen Bonding
摘要： In this work, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) coated Ag-rich Ag2Te nanowires (NWs) were synthesized by a wet chemical method using PVP coated Te NWs as templates, and a flexible PVP/Ag/Ag2Te ternary composite film on a nylon membrane was prepared by vacuum assisted filtration, followed by heat treatment. TEM and STEM observations of the focused ion beam prepared sample reveal that the composite film shows a porous network-like structure and that the Ag and Ag2Te exist as nanoparticles and NWs, respectively, both bonded with PVP. The Ag nanoparticles are formed by separation of the Ag-rich Ag2Te NWs during the heat treatment. For the composite film starting from a Ag/Te initial molar ratio of 6:1, a high power factor of 216.5 μW/mK2 is achieved at 300 K, and it increases to 370.1 μW/mK2 at 393 K. Bending tests demonstrate excellent flexibility of the hybrid film. A thermoelectric (TE) prototype composed of five legs of the hybrid film is assembled, and a maximum output power of 469 nW is obtained at a temperature gradient of 39.6 K, corresponding to a maximum power density of 341 μW/cm2. This work provides an effective route to a composite film with high TE performance and excellent flexibility for wearable TE generators.
关键词： flexible film,thermoelectric,Ag2Te,polyvinylpyrrolidone,generator
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Enhancing the performance of photovoltaic operating under harsh conditions using carbon-nanotube thermoelectric harvesters
摘要： This paper proposes a novel configuration for enhancing the efficiency of photovoltaics (PV) operating in high-temperature environment using a nano-thermoelectric carbon nanotube-based harvester attached to the backside of the solar cell (SC). The attached harvester will not only extract heat energy from the cell but will also convert this wasted heat energy into electrical energy. The proposed configuration has been fabricated and tested experimentally, where I–V measurements have been conducted. An overall enhancement in SC efficiency of 50%, with respect to reference cell, has been achieved using the proposed harvester. In addition, the harvester itself provided a power in the range of hundreds of microwatts that can be utilized in various low-power applications.
关键词： High-temperature environment,Thermoelectric harvester,Solar cell efficiency,Photovoltaics,Carbon nanotubes
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A wearable helical organic–inorganic photodetector with thermoelectric generators as the power source
摘要： A self-powering feature is particularly appealing for wearable electronic devices when facing the challenges of energy and environmental crises. Photodetectors (PDs), as promising candidates for health and environment monitoring, are urgently desired to meet the requirements of being wearable and powerless. Unlike conventional photovoltaic-type PDs, we have come up with a novel approach to make a self-powered wearable PD, which involves connecting PDs with thermoelectric generators (TEGs) in series on the surface of a three-dimensional helical polymer substrate. The wearable system is light-weight, flexible and breathable. More importantly, compared with photovoltaic-type self-powered PDs, wearable PDs powered by TEGs will work as a system whose output signal can be greatly amplified by the temperature difference between the human body and the environment in winter when UV intensity is relatively low.
关键词： UV intensity,thermoelectric generators,self-powered,wearable electronic devices,photodetectors
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Annual Energy Harvesting of Passively Cooled Hybrid Thermoelectric Generator-Concentrator Photovoltaic Modules
摘要： Approximately 60% of the incident energy is dissipated as heat in conventional concentrator photovoltaic modules. The hybridization with thermoelectric generators (TEGs) aims to recover part of the waste heat and transform it to electricity. Recently, the feasibility of passively cooled designs has been assessed for small sized solar cells (3 mm × 3 mm). It is expected that novel prototypes will be developed according to this concept. However, the existing feasibility studies are based on reference operating conditions, while the behavior of the hybrid modules under changing atmospheric conditions remains unknown. In this article, real atmospheric data of Jaén, Southern Spain, including irradiance, temperature, and spectral data, are used to analyze the behavior of four designs of TEG-concentrator photovoltaic modules: low ZT-low temperature (A), low ZT-high temperature (B), high ZT-low temperature (C), and high ZT-high temperature (D). This behavior is compared with that of a typical concentrator photovoltaic-only module. Results show that, while the global ef?ciency at reference conditions can be enhanced up to 4.75%, the annual averaged global ef?ciency can only be increased up to 4.30%. The results of this article will help to understand the impact of the atmospheric conditions on the real behavior of these structures.
关键词： concentrator photovoltaics (CPV),efficiency improvement,Annual energy,thermoelectric generator (TEG),hybrid system,passive cooling
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Experimental study and exergy analysis of photovoltaic-thermoelectric with flat plate micro-channel heat pipe
摘要： Effective cooling of the photovoltaic can enhance electrical conversion efficiency of a photovoltaic system. The combination of photovoltaic and thermoelectric generator provides unique advantages because of their complementary characteristics. In addition, hybrid photovoltaic-thermoelectric can utilize a wider solar spectrum thereby harvesting more energy from the sun. Heat pipes are passive devices that can transfer heat efficiently over a long distance. Therefore, this study presents an experimental investigation and exergy analysis of a photovoltaic-thermoelectric with flat plate micro-channel heat pipe. The experiment is performed in a laboratory using a solar simulator and water-cooling is used for the thermoelectric generator. The effect of thermoelectric load resistance, micro-channel heat pipe back insulation and solar radiation on the performance of the hybrid system is presented and a comparison with a photovoltaic only system is provided. Results show that the hybrid system provides an enhanced performance compared to the photovoltaic only system and absence of insulation behind the micro-channel heat pipe enhances electrical performance of the hybrid system. Furthermore, results show the feasibility of the hybrid system for generating electricity and small hot water. This study will provide valuable guidance for design of photovoltaic-thermoelectric systems with heat pipe and verifies the feasibility of such systems.
关键词： Thermal management,Power generation,Exergy,Micro-channel heat pipe,Photovoltaic-thermoelectric
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Performance evaluation of a thermoelectric ventilation system driven by the concentrated photovoltaic thermoelectric generators for green building operations
摘要： This paper proposed one novel Thermo-Electric Ventilation (TEV) system driven by the concentrated photovoltaic-thermoelectric generator (CPV-TEG), which could use the electric power converted directly from solar energy by CPV-TEG. The effects of incident solar irradiance, number of thermoelectric generators, and ambient air temperatures on the power output of CPV-TEG have been analytically investigated through energy balance and first law of thermodynamics. Furthermore, input current and number of thermoelectric coolers were sensitively varied to optimize the performance of TEV system respectively in heating and cooling modes. Finally, an integrated theoretical and numerical approach was proposed to match the power output of CPV-TEG with the power input of TEV. Modeling results indicate that the output power from CPV-TEG could satisfy the energy demand of TEV system when the input currents of thermoelectric coolers were no more than 2.5 A and 2.8 A respectively for cooling and heating modes. Minimum energy and exergy efficiencies of the system in winter heating mode were confirmed to be 1.67 and 0.24 respectively, which were far higher than that in summer cooling mode. This research may be helpful for enhancing performance and reducing exergy destruction of thermoelectric ventilation system, simultaneously.
关键词： thermoelectric ventilation system,power matching,energy and exergy analysis,concentrated photovoltaic-thermoelectric generator
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Experimental performance study of a solar parabolic dish photovoltaic-thermoelectric generator
摘要： A solar parabolic dish photovoltaic (PV)-thermoelectric (TE) power generation system was devised, and its behavior continuously measured under realistic outdoor circumstances. The effect of focal distance was also analyzed. The experimental results showed that the conversion of TE, PV and overall efficiency were 2.96, 16.69 and 19.65%, respectively at the focal distance of 57 cm. The unit obtained its electrical power out from a 2.94 W TE generator and a 1.93 W PV module. The PV module was used to drive a fan for cooling the TE generator and itself. Because of its noiseless operation, light weight, high reliability, and overall environmental friendliness, this concept can be used to solve power supply limitation for low-power wireless sensors.
关键词： Efficiency,Power output,Thermoelectric
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Demonstrating the benefits of thermoelectric‐coupled solar PV system in microgrid challenging conventional integration issues of renewable resources
摘要： Incorporation of solar photovoltaic (SPV) and thermoelectric (TE), termed as solar photovoltaic‐thermoelectric (SPV‐TE) hybrid system, is found be a very promising technique in widening the utilization of solar spectrum and improving the power yield viably cum‐proficiently. This hybrid architecture caters thermal energy, which signifies upon electrical energy with additional harnessing of solar insolation in an exceptional way. The implementation of the aforementioned system in microgrid (MG) leads to procurement of higher active power and comparably lesser reactive power to the system. Many non-conventional energy sources have been implemented for power generation in MG in spite of their instability and reconciliation issues. This article portrays upon the main concern of implementing only SPV‐TE system in MG by considering two systems to analyze and compare. Those two systems, ie, SPV‐wind energy system (SPV‐WES)/fuel cell technology (FCT) and SPV‐thermoelectric generator (SPV‐TEG)‐WES/FCT, were analyzed and validated over the employment of only the SPV‐TEG system. For WES and FCT, the proposed system delivers higher active power near about 20% to 70% over the conventional MG and the TEG‐integrated MG; 21% to 52% lesser reactive power is absorbed over the conventional MG and 7% to 17% higher reactive power is absorbed over the TEG‐integrated MG. This, thus, brings about the lesser multifaceted nature in source incorporation and moderating the cons of coordinating WES and FCT, considering all its application. The proposed replaceable SPV‐TEG framework in MG is observed to exceed expectations over the two frameworks offering ascend to a noteworthy leap forward in advancement of SPV. The whole system was studied, analyzed, and validated in MATLAB/Simulink environment.
关键词： active power,progress in solar photovoltaics,reactive power,SPV‐TEG hybrid system,thermoelectric system,solar photovoltaics,renewable resources,microgrid
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Waveguide-integrated, plasmonic enhanced graphene photodetectors
摘要： We present a micrometer scale, on-chip integrated, plasmonic enhanced graphene photodetector (GPD) for telecom wavelengths operating at zero dark current. The GPD is designed to directly generate a photovoltage by the photo-thermoelectric effect. It is made of chemical vapor deposited single layer graphene, and has an external responsivity～12.2V/W with a 3dB bandwidth～42GHz. We utilize Au split-gates to electrostatically create a p-n-junction and simultaneously guide a surface plasmon polariton gap-mode. This increases light-graphene interaction and optical absorption and results in an increased electronic temperature and steeper temperature gradient across the GPD channel. This paves the way to compact, on-chip integrated, power-ef?cient graphene based photodetectors for receivers in tele and datacom modules.
关键词： plasmonics,graphene,integrated photonics,photo-thermoelectric effect,photodetectors
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Advanced Thermoelectric Materials for Energy Harvesting Applications || Thermoelectric Control of Deep UV LED to Improve Optical Performance
摘要： A thermoelectric control system using thermoelectric cooler devices (TEC) combined with an aluminum heat dissipater and a fan heat extractor allows improving considerably the optical performance of deep UV LEDs (285 nm) operating at desired temperatures. A proportional, integral, and differential controller (PID) control technique was implemented to control the voltage in the TEC devices, and therefore, the desired range of temperatures can be achieved. The PID parameters are obtained with computational simulations based on physical models and experimental data recordings of the temperature, using a thermistor sensor for the temperature measurements and SiC photodiode with UV enhanced system for the optical power measurements. The experimental data show that decreasing the temperature of the UV-C LED light source using a TEC increases the optical output power, while it has been shown that the lifetime of the LED devices can be improved.
关键词： thermoelectric cooler,light-emitting diode,optoelectronics,temperature,ultraviolet
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22