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Tellurium‐based screen‐printable conductor metallizations for crystalline silicon solar cells
摘要： Tellurium‐based screen‐printable conductor metallization pastes containing multiple inorganic solid‐state frits (ie, metallization pastes containing two or more individual discrete tellurium‐based frits) were evaluated on p‐type, mono‐crystalline silicon passivated emitter rear cell (PERC) wafers. Individual discrete frits with tellurium‐lead‐metal‐oxygen compositions of Tex Pby Mz M were prepared with varying ratios of tellurium and lead cations. Screen‐printed solar cells fabricated from metallization pastes containing multiple discrete frits (two, three, and four discrete frits) had state‐of‐the‐art solar cell electrical properties (Eff = 21.1%). Mechanisms for the oxidation, dissolution, and removal of the SiNx:H antireflective coating (ARC) by tellurium‐based metallizations during solar cell firing are examined. In situ thermal analysis of a model frit‐silicon nitride system shows that frit glass transition temperatures coincide with the onset of silicon nitride oxidation during heating in accord with dissolution reactions. The advantage of multiple frit systems is an inherent ability to fine‐tune the final chemistry of the conductor metallization, beyond what is possible with single frit systems, to further improve solar cell performance, which is essential for advanced crystalline silicon solar cell devices and continued reductions in processing costs.
关键词： tellurium,thick‐film,metallization,paste,frit,screen‐print
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2018 7th Electronic System-Integration Technology Conference (ESTC) - Dresden, Germany (2018.9.18-2018.9.21)] 2018 7th Electronic System-Integration Technology Conference (ESTC) - Compact LTCC Packaging and Printing Technologies for Sub–THz Modules
摘要： Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics (LTCC) is a ceramic multilayer material with properties that suit well as both as a substrate and packaging material. LTCCs multilayer capabilities, excellent electrical properties, extremely high reliability and full hermetic nature suit it to a wide range of RF applications. Several frequency bands of interest from 100 GHz up to 300 GHz could potentially benefit from the use of LTCC system in package devices. To test the ability of LTCC materials at these frequencies, several grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) on 35-60 μm thick LTCC substrates were manufactured with the help of high-resolution Aerosol Jet printing technique and measured from 1-320 GHz (Ferro A6M-E) and 1-220 GHz, respectively (DuPont 9k7). For the first time, LTCC material are characterized as mm-wave circuit substrates at the frequency band of 220-320 GHz.
关键词： high frequency,MMIC,high resolution,LTCC,thick-film,Aerosol Jet printing,H-Band,radar
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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The 0D Cs2TeI6 Perovskite: Solution Processed Thick Films with High X-Ray Sensitivity
摘要： We demonstrate a potential candidate the 0-D “all-inorganic” perovskite material Cs2TeI6 as a sensitive all-inorganic X-ray photoconductor for the development of the new generation of direct photon-to-current conversion flat panel X-Ray imagers. Cs2TeI6 consists of high atomic number elements, has high electrical resistance and exhibits high air and moisture stability making it suitable as a sensitive X-ray photoconductor. In addition, we identify that Cs2TeI6 film can be prepared under low temperature process using electrostatic assisted spray technique at atmospheric condition and achieved the resistivity of 4.2×1010 Ω·cm. The resulting air and water-stable Cs2TeI6 device exhibits strong photoresponse to X-ray radiation. An electron drift length on the order of 200 μm is estimated under an applied electrical field strength of 400 V·cm-1. A high sensitivity for Cs2TeI6 thick film device is realized, with the value of 192 nC·R-1cm-2 under 40 kVp X-rays at an electrical field of 250 V·cm-1, which is about 20 times higher than that of the hybrid 3D perovskite polycrystalline film X-ray detectors. X-ray imaging based on Cs2TeI6 perovskite films will require lower radiation doses in many medical and security check applications.
关键词： hard radiation,sensitivity,thick film,perovskite,Cs2TeI6,electrostatic spray
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Study of Pb(Zr <sub/>0.52</sub> Ti <sub/>0.48</sub> )O <sub/>3</sub><scp>MEMS</scp> Piezoelectric Accelerometers for Health Monitoring of Mechanical Motors
摘要： In this study, piezoelectric (PZT) thick films were fabricated on Pt-coated Si substrates by a modified sol-gel method via dispersing the piezoelectric submicron powders of composition (Pb, Sr)Lax(Ti, Zr)1-1/4xO3 (PZT-5A, having a high d33 value of 520 and a high kp value of 0.64) in the PZT sol-gel solution. Then, piezoelectric microelectromechanical system (MEMS) accelerometers were designed and fabricated on Si substrates via micromachining techniques. A mathematic approximation model was firstly proposed. It used an effective thickness of Si membrane to replace the thickness of Si membrane, derived by math theory. The resonant frequency using the mathematic approximation model would be closer to the values of the experimental data than using the original math theory. Finally, the self-made thick film accelerometers with best properties were fabricated via a modified sol-gel method. They had voltage sensitivities in the range of 2.21~2.14mV/g, which is pretty high compared with the reported data, and the resonant frequency is in the range of 6.5~7.1 kHz. In addition, the accelerometers with amplifier circuit and power source were practically used in vibration detection of health monitoring of mechanical motors.
关键词： Piezoelectric thick film,Sol-gel,PZT-5A,MEMS,vacuum infiltration,Accelerometer
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14