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Highly Air-Stable Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells through Grain-Surface Protection by Gallic Acid
摘要： Maintaining the stability of tin halide perovskites is a major challenge in developing lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Adding extra SnX2 (X=F, Cl, Br) in the precursor solution to inhibit Sn2+ oxidation is an essential strategy to improve the device efficiency and stability. However, SnX2 on the surface of perovskite grains tends to prohibit charge transfer across perovskite films. Here, we report a coadditive engineering approach by introducing antioxidant gallic acid (GA) together with SnCl2 to improve the performance of tin–based PSCs. The SnCl2–GA complex can not only protect the perovskite grains but also more effectively conduct electrons across it, leading to highly stable and efficient PSCs. The unencapsulated devices can maintain ~ 80% of its initial efficiency after 1000 h storage in ambient air with a relative humidity of 20%, which is the best air stability that can be achieved in tin-based PSCs until now.
关键词： air stability,coadditive engineering,tin-based perovskite solar cells,SnCl2–GA complex,gallic acid
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Enhanced performance of tin halide perovskite solar cells by addition of hydrazine monohydrobromide
摘要： Although tin-based perovskite has been considered as a kind of potential environmentally-friendly photovoltaic materials, the tin-based perovskite solar cells are limited due to their poor stability and low conversion efficiency mainly tracing to the oxidation from Sn2t state in tin-based perovskite films. Herein, a facile reductive approach is developed to suppress the oxidation, in which tiny amount of hydrazine monohydrobromide is doped into FASnI3-based perovskite precursor solution as a reducing agent. Our results demonstrate that the addition of hydrazine monohydrobromide could reduce the defects and trap states in perovskite by inhibiting formation of tetravalent tin, and increase the open circuit voltage by widening the bandgap of perovskite. As a consequence, the best optimized perovskite solar cell achieves an excellent power conversion efficiency of 7.81%, which represented a 39.5% improvement compared to the best reference device. The optimized devices display stabilized power output near the maximum power point and negligible hysteresis effect.
关键词： Trap states,Defect,Hydrazine monohydrobromide,Lead-free,Tin-based perovskite solar cell
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Enhanced performance of tin-based perovskite solar cells induced by an ammonium hypophosphite additive
摘要： As a promising lead-free perovskite candidate, tin-based halide perovskites such as FASnI3 have attracted extensive attention recently in photovoltaic applications. However, the relatively low e?ciency and poor long-term stability of tin-based perovskite solar cells hinder their practical applications. Here, ammonium hypophosphite is introduced into the FASnI3 perovskite precursor to suppress the oxidation of Sn2+ and assist the growth of perovskite grains, leading to improved perovskite ?lm quality and reduced defect density, and consequently, the device e?ciency and open circuit voltage are substantially improved. More importantly, the solar cells exhibit pronounced enhancement of the long-term stability. This work provides a facile approach for improving the performance of tin-based perovskite solar cells by introducing ammonium hypophosphite as an antioxidant agent in the precursor solution.
关键词： ammonium hypophosphite,tin-based perovskite,solar cells,photovoltaic performance,antioxidant
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Efficient Two-Dimensional Tin Halide Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes via a Spacer Cation Substitution Strategy
摘要： Lead halide perovskites have attracted tremendous attention due to their impressive optoelectronic properties. However, the toxicity of lead remains to be a bottleneck for further commercial development. Two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper tin-based perovskites are lead-free and more stable compared to their 3D counterparts, which have great potential in the optoelectronic device field. Herein, we demonstrated high-quality 2D phenylethyl ammonium tin-iodide perovskite (PEA2SnI4) thin films by dropping toluene as anti-solvent. Furthermore, the PeLED performance is greatly improved by replacing PEAI spacer cation with 2-thiopheneethyllamine iodide (TEAI). As a result, the TEA-based PeLED device is achieved with a low turn-on voltage of 2.3V, a maximum luminance of 322 cd m-2 and maximum external quantum efficiency of 0.62%, which is the highest efficiency and brightness for pure red (emission peak=638 nm) tin-based PeLEDs so far.
关键词： pure red light-emitting diodes,two-dimensional tin-based perovskite,spacer cation substitution
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Regulated Crystallization of Efficient and Stable Tin-based Perovskite Solar Cells via Self-sealing Polymer
摘要： Tin-based perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) have emerged as the most promising lead-free perovskite materials owing to their superior optoelectronic properties. However, the deficiency of accurate control for the tin-based perovskite crystallization process increases the possibility of unexpected perovskite film morphology and defects, resulting in inferior power conversion efficiency (PCE). Meanwhile, the poor environmental stability of tin-based perovskite film hinders its further development. In this work, a unique polymer [poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA)] is introduced into anti-solvent during spin coating of formamidinium tin tri-iodide (FASnI3) precursor solution. The C=O groups contained in EVA have a powerful Lewis acid-base complexation with uncoordinated tin atoms in perovskite grains, which can greatly improve grain size, optimize grain orientation and decrease surface defects of FASnI3 films. This strategy offers an impressive PCE of 7.72% with favorable reproducibility. More importantly, the PVSCs devices based on FASnI3-EVA absorber have a self-encapsulation effect, which exhibits distinguished moisture and oxygen barrier property, thereby retaining 62.4% of the original efficiency value after aging for 48 h in air environment with humidity of 60%. Such convenient strategy provides a new inspiration for the establishment of stable and high performance tin-based PVSCs.
关键词： environmental stability,self-encapsulation,poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate),crystallization,tin-based perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52