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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Topological Photonics
摘要： The network densi?cation of small cells (SCs) is a promising way to cope with the explosive growth of future traf?c demands in 5G networks. However, the overall power consumption and the backhaul limitation of the network have become the key factors affecting the network performance and users’ quality-of-experience, which have great importance in 5G wireless networks. Due to the complexity of 5G networks and the variety of user behaviors, the combination of software-de?ned networks and content delivery strategy could be a more ef?cient way to manage such networks. In this paper, a cache-enabled wireless heterogeneous network with the control-plane (C-plane) and user-plane (U -plane) split is proposed, where the macro cell and SCs with different cache abilities are overlaid and cooperated together in the backhaul scenario. Using an evaluation tool composed of stochastic processes and classical power consumption model, key performance indicators, e.g., the coverage probability, throughput, and energy ef?ciency (EE), are derived as closed-form expressions or the functions of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio threshold, path loss exponent, transmission power and density of macro and SCs, cache ability, ?le popularity, and backhaul capacity. Fundamental trade-offs are illustrated between EE and transmission power, EE and SC density, as well as the throughput and density of SCs. Numerical results show that the proposed cache-enabled software-de?ned networks have much higher throughput and improved EE than current LTE networks, which shows a promising solution for future cellular networks.
关键词： Cache-enabled networks,green communications,trade-off,spectral and energy efficiency,coverage probability,software defined networks
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2019 Systems of Signal Synchronization, Generating and Processing in Telecommunications (SYNCHROINFO) - Russia (2019.7.1-2019.7.3)] 2019 Systems of Signal Synchronization, Generating and Processing in Telecommunications (SYNCHROINFO) - Experimental Researches of the Macrobend Effect of Optical Fibers on Brillouin Traces
摘要： The network densi?cation of small cells (SCs) is a promising way to cope with the explosive growth of future traf?c demands in 5G networks. However, the overall power consumption and the backhaul limitation of the network have become the key factors affecting the network performance and users’ quality-of-experience, which have great importance in 5G wireless networks. Due to the complexity of 5G networks and the variety of user behaviors, the combination of software-de?ned networks and content delivery strategy could be a more ef?cient way to manage such networks. In this paper, a cache-enabled wireless heterogeneous network with the control-plane (C-plane) and user-plane (U -plane) split is proposed, where the macro cell and SCs with different cache abilities are overlaid and cooperated together in the backhaul scenario. Using an evaluation tool composed of stochastic processes and classical power consumption model, key performance indicators, e.g., the coverage probability, throughput, and energy ef?ciency (EE), are derived as closed-form expressions or the functions of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio threshold, path loss exponent, transmission power and density of macro and SCs, cache ability, ?le popularity, and backhaul capacity. Fundamental trade-offs are illustrated between EE and transmission power, EE and SC density, as well as the throughput and density of SCs. Numerical results show that the proposed cache-enabled software-de?ned networks have much higher throughput and improved EE than current LTE networks, which shows a promising solution for future cellular networks.
关键词： software defined networks,green communications,coverage probability,trade-off,Cache-enabled networks,spectral and energy efficiency
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 6th International Conference on Space Science and Communication (IconSpace) - Johor Bahru, Malaysia (2019.7.28-2019.7.30)] 2019 6th International Conference on Space Science and Communication (IconSpace) - Koch Fractal Loop Circular Polarization (CP) Antenna Integrated with Solar Cells
摘要： Minimal profile antennas for wireless devices which characteristics consisted of being low cost, highly reliable, and lightweight, it bears a new challenge for the design of the antenna in wireless communications. In this paper, we propose a design of circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna integration with solar cells for green wireless applications. Two techniques have been proposed to form the prototype between the communication system (design of antenna) and solar panel (solar cell). Both methods will face two issues generally; the solar system needs to get 100% sunlight and the magnetic field produced by radio communication systems as well as the electric field produced by solar cells should not affect the efficiency. The antenna is composed of a Koch fractal loop patch and the substrate is employed using a transparent material. This enables the light to pass through with high efficiency to illuminate the solar panel cells while the RF performance is maintained with minimal degradation. The communication frequency measures 2.6, 3.5 and 4.4 GHz. CST MWS simulation is also studied and compared among the different substrates which show different results based on the same parameters, which is implemented with a lattice of 2×2 square solar cells. With this arrangement, the solar cells will be able to obtain 100% of sunlight exposure. The characteristics of the broadband are achieved by combining resonances and the minimum axial ratio points created by the driven patch and solar cell surface.
关键词： Trade-off RF transparency,Wireless communication,transparent substrate,Microstrip patch antenna,Compact Meshed patch antenna,integration antenna and solar panel,CST MWS,performances and Frequency,Gain
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Monolithically Integrated GaN LED/Quasi-Vertical Power U-shaped Trench-gate MOSFET Pairs using Selective Epi Removal
摘要： We report on the demonstration of monolithically integrated light-emitting diode (LED) and quasi-vertical U-shaped trench-gate metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (UMOSFET) in GaN. Selective epi removal (SER) approach was used on an LED-on-FET epi stack on sapphire substrates. Individual p-GaN layers were used for LED and FET in our design. LED light modulation by the supply voltage and the FET gate voltage was realized, and an integrated 350μm×350μm LED/UMOSFET pair exhibits a light output power (LOP) of 4.9 W/cm2 or 6.0 mW. An integrated device with a UMOSFET driving a 3-LED chain was also demonstrated. The normally-off power UMOSFET has a threshold voltage of 7 V, a breakdown voltage of 208 V, and a specific on-resistance of 23 mΩ-cm2, in which hexagonal cells were applied to obtain identical m-plane MOS gate interfaces. The effect of FET sizing on integrated pairs was also studied, and a trade-off model of FET/LED power ratio vs. FET/LED area ratio was created, which serves as universal criterion for FET/LED integration. The tested device with the best trade-off has FET/LED area ratio of 24% and FET/LED power ratio of 56%. This work creates a new building block for future GaN light-emitting integrated circuits (LEICs).
关键词： monolithic integration,FET/LED power ratio vs. area ratio trade-off,quasi-vertical power UMOSFET,LED,GaN
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Unveiling the Root Cause of the Efficiency-Lifetime Trade-Off in Blue Fluorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
摘要： The origin of efficiency-lifetime trade-off in triplet–triplet fusion (TTF) type blue fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) was investigated and the device structure to resolve the issue was developed. The efficiency and lifetime were simultaneously improved in the blue OLEDs by developing a multilayer hole transport stack which can adjust carrier densities and recombination zone in the emitting layer (EML). It was found that electron leakage from EML and high spatial density of excitons in the vicinity of the electron blocking layer for high TTF rates by narrow recombination zone are the detrimental factors for efficiency-lifetime trade-off. A multilayer hole transport stack employing a deep highest occupied molecular orbital hole transport layer and an electron blocking layer combined with an appropriate hole blocking layer simultaneously improved the power efficiency by 16% at 500 cd/m2 and lifetime by almost 100% (from 73 h up to 145 h). In addition, the low efficiency in the low luminance region was also completely controlled, resulting in negligible efficiency variation in the entire luminance range.
关键词： Efficiency-lifetime trade off,Blue fluorescent OLEDs,Triplet–triplet fusion
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04