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Driving signals optimization for viologen-based electrochromic vision devices
摘要： In this work, we try to optimize the driving signals of certain electrochromic devices that can be potentially used in ophthalmic applications for retinal diseases. The goal is to save power while achieving optimal transmittance changes. The optimization tries to increase the devices cyclability, minimizing their power consumption and avoiding current peaks, all of this motivated to have a better portability in their use on spectacles. We manufactured viologen-based electrochromic devices on glass substrates with different internal active layer thickness, covering the wide range of optical powers needed. We discuss and select four algorithms, based on the expected improvements that they could imply. We measured 5000 cycles and checked the devices responses in terms of switching and transmittance change for every algorithm. The results, combined with temporal evolution and peak currents needed to switch the devices, allow the selection of the best algorithm for these portable systems to increase their autonomy and increase their switching speed.
关键词： cyclability,retina diseases,driving signals,visual aid,transmittance change,electrochromic,spectacles
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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SU-8 based planar metamaterials with fourfold symmetry as selective terahertz absorbers
摘要： We report on the absorption properties of polarization-insensitive transmissive and reflective metamaterial absorbers based on two planar aluminium periodic structures and SU-8 epoxy resist. These absorbers were investigated using numerical simulation and experimental methods in the terahertz range (below 2 THz). SU-8 is a very promising organic material for dielectric layers in planar metamaterials, because its application simplifies the process of fabricating these structures and significantly reduces the fabrication time. The experimental absorption of the metamaterial absorbers has narrowband characteristics that were consistent with the numerical simulations. Power flow analysis in the transmissive metamaterial unit cell shows that the absorption in the terahertz range occurs primarily in the SU-8 layer of the absorber.
关键词： Terahertz spectroscopy,Reflectance,Transmittance,Terahertz metamaterial absorber
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Transparent AgNW-CoNPs conducting film for heat sensor
摘要： We have fabricated transparent conducting film (TCF) from silver nanowires (AgNWs) decorated with cobalt nanoparticles (CoNPs) on a thermoplastic polyimide (PI) substrate by solution processed spin-coating approach. AgNWs and CoNPs were produced by modified polyol methods using poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) PVP (Mw ≈ 1,300,000). The concentration ratio of AgNWs to CoNPs was varied as 1:0, 0.7:0.3, 0.5:0.5, and 0.3:0.7 (in wt%). The results show that increasing the AgNWs/CoNPs concentration up to 0.5: 0.5 raises the TCF temperature interestingly to 350oC before the Joule heating breakdown occurs at 20 V. However, at a higher content of CoNPs (AgNWs: CoNPs = 0.3:0.7), due to the excessive entanglement of CoNPs in the AgNW network, the temperature further drops down to 65oC. The optimum transmittance (94%), sheet resistance (52 Ω/□), and thermal stability were obtained at a concentration ratio of AgNWs: CoNPs = 0.5:0.3. The stabilization mechanism is also suggested for the extremely high temperature obtained in this work.
关键词： hybrid nanowires,optical transmittance,heat sensing devices,transparent film conductor,cobalt nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Electrochromic Properties of Sputtered Iridium Oxide Thin Films with Various Film Thicknesses
摘要： Iridium oxide is an anodic electrochromic material, which takes on a blue-black color through electrochemical oxidation and turns to transparent via reduction. Hydrated amorphous Ir oxide thin films with various thicknesses from 20 to 400 nm were prepared by reactive sputtering in a H2O atmosphere, and their transmittance spectra in both the bleached and colored states as well as their response times were examined in this study. The bleached and colored transmittances decreased with increasing film thickness according to Lambert’s law, and the absorption coefficients in the bleached and colored states were estimated to be 3.2 × 103 and 1.1 × 105 cm-1, respectively, at a wavelength of 600 nm. The results point to almost all the Ir atoms being electrochemically active and contributing to the color change. A maximum transmittance change of 81% was obtained for the 400 nm-thick film. Further, there was a trade-off between the response speed and the transmittance change. The response speed slowed down with increasing the film thickness, while the coloring and bleaching response time for the thick films was several tens of seconds.
关键词： electrochromic,optical transmittance,iridium oxide
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Effect of Te Proportion on the Properties of Ge25Sb10Se65-Te Chalcogenide Glasses
摘要： The effect of Te proportion on the physical, thermal and optical properties of Ge-Sb-Se glasses was the goal of this study. In this regards, four different glasses of Ge25Sb10Se65-xTex (x=5,10,15,20) were prepared by conventional melt quenching technique in quartz ampoule. The produced samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR spectroscopy), Vickers hardness tester, Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Thermal mechanical analysis (TMA). Based on the obtained results, we known that the overall transmittance of the samples is about 55%. For physical properties, as the Te content increases from 5% to 20%, the glass density increases from 4.52 g·cm-3 to 4.78 g·cm-3 and the Vickers hardness value is improved from 172 kg·mm-2 to 198 kg·mm-2. With respect to the thermal properties, the glass transition temperature is 551.45 K-514.56 K and the difference of Tx-Tg is more than 110 K, where Tx is the initial crystallization temperature, and Tg is the glass transition temperature. While the thermal expansion coefficient varies little, from 1.87×10-5 to 1.82×10-5. In addition, the Tg value achieved by DSC is higher than that of TMA, which gives out a reference for the measurement of characteristic temperature.
关键词： thermal properties,transmittance,characteristic temperature,Chalcogenide glasses
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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High transparency flexible sensor for pressure and proximity sensing
摘要： A high-sensitivity and high-transmittance flexible pressure sensor is presented in this paper. Using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sensing film to cover indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes interdigitated on the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate, an interdigital capacitance (IDC) structure is constructed. The pressure and proximity sensing characteristics of the fabricated IDC sensor are investigated. The experiment results show that the IDC sensor has the piecewise linear function in different pressure range, especially sensitive to the low-pressure range with the pressure sensitivity of 6.64 kPa?1. Moreover, it has a good repeatability with the maximum error rate of 2.73% and a high transmittance over 90% in the wavelength range from 400 nm to 800 nm. As a human finger approaches or leaves, the proximity sensing characteristic emerges, with a maximum sensing distance of about 20 cm.
关键词： Flexible,pressure sensor,proximity sensing,transmittance
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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16.4: Novel SFT Mode Pixel Design for High Viewing Angle of Contrast at Automotive Applications
摘要： Customers will concern about different optical parameters in different display applications. Mobile phone displays focused on high transmittance rates, the higher transmittance rates, the lower cost and power consumption. Automotive displays focused on viewing angle of contrast, especially at horizontal direction, because the CID is at the center of driver and co-driver. Therefore, the applications of SFT mode display change from mobile phone to automotive, the pixel design changes from vertical 2-domain to horizontal 2-domain. Tianma proposes a novel SFT mode pixel design, which adopts fake horizontal 2-domain and stretches the Common ITO space to the boundary of Source line. Compared to the traditional design and high contrast ratio design, the novel the contrast ratio and pixel design can transmittance rates about 20%.
关键词： Automotive displays,SFT mode,viewing angle of contrast,transmittance rates,vertical 2-domain,horizontal 2-domain
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Computational Investigation of the Morphology, Efficiency, and Properties of Silver Nano Wires Networks in Transparent Conductive Film
摘要： Random networks of silver nano wires have been considered for use in transparent conductive films as an alternative to Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), which is unsuitable for flexible devices. However, the random distribution of nano wires makes such conductive films non-uniform. As electrical conductivity is achieved through a percolation process, understanding the scale-dependency of the macroscopic properties (like electrical conductivity) and the exact efficiency of the network (the proportion of nano wires that participate in electrical conduction) is essential for optimizing the design. In this paper, we propose a computational method for identifying the representative volume element (RVE) of nano wire networks. This defines the minimum pixel size in devices using such transparent electrodes. The RVE is used to compute the macroscopic properties of films and to quantify the electrically conducting efficiency of networks. Then, the sheet resistance and transparency of networks are calculated based on the predicted RVEs, in order to analyze the effects of nano wire networks on the electrical and optical properties of conductive films. The results presented in this paper provide insights that help optimizing random nano wire networks in transparent conductive films for achieving better efficiencies.
关键词： electrical conductivity,representative volume element,silver nano wires,optical transmittance,transparent conductive films
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Effect of MIT in epitaxial VO <sub/>2</sub> films on THz transmittance
摘要： The development of THz technologies (communication, imaging, spectroscopy etc.) requires the design of materials for high-speed modulation of radiation in THz range. For such applications, the thin films based on oxides showed a metal-insulator transition (MIT) are interesting due to large different of optical transmittance before and after critical point. Among the oxide materials with MIT vanadium dioxide, which has a transition temperature the closest to the room temperature (68oC for bulk samples), is of particular interest, with the MIT characterized by a record speed (<1 ps) and a large amplitude (a change in the conductivity is 105 times for single crystals). It is known that the MIT transition in VO2 is accompanied by a first-order phase transition, while the crystalline structure from the monoclinic (crystal type MoO2) with the properties of the semiconductor transforms into a tetragonal (rutile type) with metallic conductivity. The electronic transition in the vanadium dioxide can be caused by the temperature, the electric field and laser radiation. A set of these unique properties makes vanadium dioxide a promising key component of optoelectronic devices (switches, modulators, lenses, etc.) for the THz range controlled by thermal action, electric voltage or laser pulse.
关键词： vanadium dioxide,epitaxial films,metal-insulator transition,THz transmittance,THz technologies
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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[IEEE 2018 43rd International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz2018) - Nagoya, Japan (2018.9.9-2018.9.14)] 2018 43rd International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) - Bi-layer Metamaterial based Broadband Linear Polarization Converter under Two Coherent Beam Illumination
摘要： We demonstrate a bi-layer metamaterial structure with mirror symmetry that acts as a linear polarization converter under two-antisymmetric-beam illumination. Its high performance, including broad bandwidth, high transmittance and high efficiency, originates from the combination of two interference processes: the Fabry-Pérot-like cavity effect between two metallic patterned layers and coherent excitations of spatially separated subwavelength resonators. Terahertz (THz) experiments show good agreement with numerical simulations.
关键词： Fabry-Pérot-like cavity,broadband,THz experiments,linear polarization converter,high efficiency,bi-layer metamaterial,coherent excitations,high transmittance
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46